高频GPS测定的尼泊尔M_W7.8和M_W7.3地震震时地表动态变形过程     

黄勇  杨少敏  乔学军  林牧  赵斌  刘刚  谭凯 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(3):221-223

以陆态网络和尼泊尔境内高频（1 Hz）GPS观测数据为基础,采用动态双差相对定位方法,获取2015年尼泊尔M_W7.8和M_W7.3地震震时近场地表动态变形过程。结果表明,M_W7.8地震震中东侧高频GPS站动态位移幅度明显大于震中西侧;各高频GPS站动态位移幅度不仅与测站震中距有关,而且与地震破裂传播方向有关;M_W7.3地震引起的水平动态位移相对较小。将高频GPS与邻近强震仪动态位移时序进行对比发现,二者在振幅和相位上具有较好的一致性。  相似文献   

甘肃省文县观音坝古地震事件的研究          下载免费PDF全文

张宏斌  王兆夺 《甘肃地质》2010,(3):76-80

通过野外调查在甘肃陇南的文县阳山金矿东北磨坝—观音坝一带首次发现一大套震碎砾岩,这套砾岩由于覆盖在白垩纪红色砾岩之下,故而一直把其当作白垩纪砾岩处理。通过作者参加该项目的研究后认为,是一套震碎角砾岩,这种震碎角砾岩,在国内外尚未见公开报道。它是地质历史上一次浅源强烈地震的岩石记录,反映了该地区一次重要的地震构造运动,同时本文对该地区的震积岩进行了沉积序列及岩石类型划分,这种观点对促进陕甘川地震历史的认知有重要的补充作用。  相似文献   

大连市地震信息网络发布系统的设计与开发     

兰贺元  王方雄  孙迪 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,(8):53-55,58

使用WebGIS技术管理和发布地震信息是一种发展趋势,本文基于Sogou Maps API设计开发了大连市地震信息网络发布系统,提出了三层架构的系统设计方案与地震信息数据库关系结构,给出了主要地震信息查询显示功能的运行界面和关键程序代码,系统的信息查询与显示功能可以全面展示地震信息的现状和分布信息,为用户提供一个便捷的地震信息网络发布平台。  相似文献   

黄海近期地震活动特征分析     

李霞  林怀存 《华北地震科学》2004,22(1):46-50

通过对黄海北部海域近几年来地震空间活动特征和幕式活动特征的分析讨论,认为该区域大震前小震空间活动征兆明显;此区域仍然处于高应力水平,存在发生Ms≥5．0级地震的可能。  相似文献   

Tsunamis and Tsunami Hazards in Central America     

Mario Fernandez  Enrique Molina  Jens Havskov  Kuvvet Atakan 《Natural Hazards》2000,22(2):91-116

A tsunami catalogue for Central America is compiledcontaining 49 tsunamis for the period 1539–1996,thirty seven of them are in the Pacific and twelve inthe Caribbean. The number of known tsunamis increaseddramatically after the middle of the nineteenth century,since 43 events occurred between 1850 and 1996. This isprobably a consequence of the lack of populationliving near the coast in earlier times.The preliminary regionalization of the earthquakessources related to reported tsunamis shows that, inthe Pacific, most events were generated by theCocos-Caribbean Subduction Zone (CO-CA). At theCaribbean side, 5 events are related with the NorthAmerican-Caribbean Plate Boundary (NA-CA) and 7 withthe North Panama Deformed Belt (NPDB).There are ten local tsunamis with a specific damagereport, seven in the Pacific and the rest in theCaribbean. The total number of casualties due to localtsunamis is less than 455 but this number could behigher. The damages reported range from coastal andship damage to destruction of small towns, and theredoes not exist a quantification of them.A preliminary empirical estimation of tsunami hazardindicates that 43% of the large earthquakes (Ms 7.0) along the Pacific Coast of Central America and100% along the Caribbean, generate tsunamis. On thePacific, the Guatemala–Nicaragua coastal segment hasa 32% probability of generating tsunamis after largeearthquakes while the probability is 67% for theCosta Rica–Panama segment. Sixty population centers onthe Pacific Coast and 44 on the Caribbean are exposedto the impact of tsunamis. This estimation alsosuggests that areas with higher tsunami potential inthe Pacific are the coasts from Nicaragua to Guatemalaand Central Costa Rica; on the Caribbean side, Golfode Honduras Zone and the coasts of Panama and CostaRica have major hazard. Earthquakes of magnitudelarger than 7 with epicenters offshore or onshore(close to the coastline) could trigger tsunamis thatwould impact those zones.  相似文献   

Holocene Relative Sea Level Changes along the Seattle Fault at Restoration Point, Washington     

Brian L. Sherrod  Robert C. Bucknam  Estella B. Leopold 《Quaternary Research》2000,54(3):384

At a marsh on the hanging wall of the Seattle fault, fossil brackish water diatom and plant seed assemblages show that the marsh lay near sea level between 7500 and 1000 cal yr B.P. This marsh is uniquely situated for recording environmental changes associated with past earthquakes on the Seattle fault. Since 7500 cal yr B.P., changes in fossil diatoms and seeds record several rapid environmental changes. In the earliest of these, brackish conditions changed to freshwater 6900 cal yr B.P., possibly because of coseismic uplift or beach berm accretion. If coseismic uplift produced the freshening 6900 cal yr B.P., that uplift probably did not exceed 2 m. During another event about 1700 cal yr B.P., brackish plant and diatom assemblages changed rapidly to a tidal flat assemblage because of either tectonic subsidence or berm erosion. The site then remained a tideflat until the most recent event, when an abrupt shift from tideflat diatoms to freshwater taxa resulted from 7 m of uplift during an earthquake on the Seattle fault 1000 cal yr B.P. Regardless of the earlier events, no Seattle fault earthquake similar to the one 1000 cal yr B.P. occurred at any other time in the past 7500 years.  相似文献   

营口-海城震群与岫岩-海城地震序列地震活动特征的研究     

张萍  于龙伟  关英梅  梁灿 《东北地震研究》2004,20(2):27-33

本文根据地震P波初动资料,使用中国地震局推广的“基于GIS地震分析预报系统”提供的用地震初动符号求解震源机制的方法,求解了2002年4月30日营口～海城震群中4个ML≥3．0地震的单个震源机制解,同时用59个地震和213个P波初动资料,得到该区小震综合断层面解,并将其结果与1999年11月29日岫岩-海城MN5．4地震序列中4级以上的震源机制结果进行了比较研究。  相似文献   

Seismic Sources on the Iberia-African Plate Boundary and their Tectonic Implications   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. Buforn  M. Bezzeghoud  A. UdÍas  C. Pro 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2004,161(3):623-646

—The plate boundary between Iberia and Africa has been studied using data on seismicity and focal mechanisms. The region has been divided into three areas: A; the Gulf of Cadiz; B, the Betics, Alboran Sea and northern Morocco; and C, Algeria. Seismicity shows a complex behavior, large shallow earthquakes (h < 30 km) occur in areas A and C and moderate shocks in area B; intermediate-depth activity (30 < h < 150 km) is located in area B; the depth earthquakes (h 650 km) are located to the south of Granada. Moment rate, slip velocity and b values have been estimated for shallow shocks, and show similar characteristics for the Gulf of Cadiz and Algeria, and quite different ones for the central region. Focal mechanisms of 80 selected shallow earthquakes (8 m_b 4) show thrust faulting in the Gulf of Cadiz and Algeria with horizontal NNW-SSE compression, and normal faulting in the Alboran Sea with E-W extension. Focal mechanisms of 26 intermediate-depth earthquakes in the Alboran Sea display vertical motions, with a predominant plane trending E-W. Solutions for very deep shocks correspond to vertical dip-slip along N-S trends. Frohlich diagrams and seismic moment tensors show different behavior in the Gulf of Cadiz, Betic-Alboran Sea and northern Morocco, and northern Algeria for shallow events. The stress pattern of intermediate-depth and very deep earthquakes has different directions: vertical extension in the NW-SE direction for intermediate depth earthquakes, and tension and pressure axes dipping about 45 ° for very deep earthquakes. Regional stress pattern may result from the collision between the African plate and Iberia, with extension and subduction of lithospheric material in the Alboran Sea at intermediate depth. The very deep seismicity may be correlated with older subduction processes.  相似文献   

Fractal Dimension of the 1999 Chamoli Earthquake from Aftershock Studies in Garhwal Himalaya     

Richa?JainEmail author  B. K.?Rastogi  V. P.?Dimri 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2003,160(12):2329-2341

The Aftershock sequence of Chamoli earthquake (M _w 6.4) of 29 March 1999 is analyzed to study the fractal structure in space, time and magnitude distribution. The b value is found to be 0.63 less than which is usually observed worldwide and in the Himalayas. This indicates that the numbers of smaller earthquakes are relatively less than the larger ones. The spatial correlation is 1.64, indicating that events are approaching a two-dimensional region meaning that the aftershocks are uniformly distributed along the trend of the aftershock zone. Temporal correlation is 0.86 for aftershocks of M 1, indicating a nearly continuous aftershock activity. However, it is 0.5 for aftershocks of M 1.75, indicating a non continuous aftershock activity. From the assessment of slip on different faults it is inferred that 70% displacement is accommodated on the primary fault and the remainder on secondary faults.  相似文献   

晋冀蒙交界区6级地震前晋北区中小地震活动研究     

王化宇  殷志刚  金文臣 《地震地磁观测与研究》2006,27(6):18-26

选取晋北区展布的一组NE向断裂作为背景场,使用1970年以来较完整的地震资料,统计分析了(1970年1月1日~1998年12月31日)晋北区中小地震(3.0≤ML≤5.0)沿该组断裂的活动特征等,发现在1976年内蒙和林格尔6.5、1989年山西大同-阳高6.1、1996年内蒙包头6.4和1998年河北张北6.2级中强地震前1~2年内,晋北地区的中小地震活动年频次及强度有明显的衰减—显著增强—发震这一特征,这种相关特征对预测晋冀蒙交界地区未来中强震的时间具有参考价值;震前主震近场区的地震条带活动对主震位置有预示意义,而较远场的地震活动仅反映主震前应力水平的增强,并有震前活动向未来强震区靠近的特征,这对预报主震的方位有一定意义。  相似文献