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161.
环境岩土工程研究现状与展望 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
小环境岩土工程问题已经逐渐成为环境岩土工程研究的热点问题。笔者对环境岩土工程的研究内容作了简要介绍,简述了国内外在小环境岩土工程研究方面的现状和进展,重点就垃圾卫生填埋问题,特别是沿海软土地区垃圾堆埋场的设计等问题进行了讨论,对国内环境岩土工程的发展提出了一些看法。 相似文献
162.
163.
广东省是我国温泉出露最多的省份之一。在温泉附近建立温泉宾馆,是利用温泉资源大力发展本地旅游业的有效途径之一。本文利用新型NR 667A连续测氡仪测量了广东省4处温泉宾馆室内外空气中氡浓度以及室内温泉水氡浓度。温泉水氡浓度变化范围为53 4~292 5Bq L,室外氡浓度范围是17~48Bq m3,而客房内平均氡浓度水平比没有用温泉水时高出10 9%~813%,浴室内氡浓度比没有用温泉水洗浴时高出13 8%~516%。在宾馆室内使用温泉水有较高的氡转换系数。某些宾馆室内氡浓度超标,可能对宾馆工作人员造成潜在健康危害,应采取一些管理措施或技术手段降低其暴露时间或程度。 相似文献
164.
陕西渭北东部岩溶水环境同位素 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
陕西渭北东部岩溶水系统是一个复杂的地下水系统,碳酸盐岩大面积隐伏与深埋。使用传统手段和方法勘查岩溶地下水和研究可持续开发利用方案遇到诸多困难,不仅费时,而且耗资大。本文通过系统分析研究陕西渭北东部地区岩溶地下水T、D、^180、^14C环境同位素特征,揭示岩溶水的补给迳流排泄条件、岩溶水系统边界性质以及岩溶水与黄河洛河地表水、黄河岩溶泉与洛河岩溶泉之间的补排关系。结果显示环境同位素方法简便有效,能够达到预期目的。 相似文献
165.
青藏高原隆升与环境效应 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:17
通过对青藏高原北缘库木库里盆地新生代沉积建造、孢粉、阶地热年龄、沉积响应的调查研究,得出青藏高原新生代的渐新世、上新世和更新世一全新世形成的三套磨拉石建造代表青藏高原最强烈的三次隆升作用;自渐新世以来到上新世晚期高原隆升幅度达1500~2000m,更新世、全新世高原隆升了约2500m,46.4Ka.Bp至今高原隆升了约44m;青藏高原的隆升速率由渐新世开始有愈来愈强烈的趋势,预示青藏高原的隆升是一个多阶段、不等速和非均变的复杂过程;根据库木库里盆地沉积演化揭示青藏高原的隆升经历了早中渐新世早期隆升期、晚渐新世——早中新世早期稳定剥蚀夷平期、早中新世中晚期小幅隆升期、中中新世较稳定剥蚀夷平期、晚中新世振荡隆升期、上新世快速隆升期、更新世一全新世强烈隆升期共七个隆升阶段;并探讨了高原隆升引起的气候干燥、生物灭绝、荒漠化等多种环境效应。 相似文献
166.
Irene Sarkar 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2004,22(5):529
The moderate magnitude Chamoli earthquake that occurred in the Garhwal Higher Himalaya, in the early hours of March 29, 1999, caused intense damage to the ground and mountain slopes of the Alaknanda–Mandakini river valley and adjoining region. A systematic survey of this induced damage was conducted immediately after the earthquake occurred. Prominent shallow cracks of significant length, negligible width and indeterminate vertical extent, conspicuously tensile in nature, with little or no slip across the crack planes, were observed in the ground at several places along the surveyed route. These cracks had formed in the dynamic phase of the Chamoli earthquake process that is in the period of time during which the earthquake-generated seismic waves were passing through the geographic region of interest. However, we use the theory of earthquake-induced static (or long time) stress changes to visualize such cracks at some selected sites where ground damage was relatively more intense and varied to suggest lower bound estimates of the dynamic stress contributions of the main shock for their formation.Based on the results of our analysis we conclude that, just prior to the earthquake occurrence, under the influence of the local ambient stress field, the ground at these sites was already near failure in tension. To this, in its dynamic phase, the Chamoli earthquake induced stress perturbations, having, across the planes of the cracks, (i) shear components which were nearly equal and opposite to similar components of the ambient stress field and (ii) normal (tensile) components, necessary for triggering tensile failure of the ground. The σ3 (or minimum principal stress) component of the resultant perturbed failure stress field thus became sufficiently tensile while the transverse stresses became sufficiently insignificant. This facilitated formation of major tensile cracks in the ground there. Our static estimates of the tensile stress changes at the different sites are, in essence, estimates of the minimal triggering stress perturbations that was provided by the Chamoli earthquake in the dynamic state for the formation of the tensile cracks there. 相似文献
167.
S. O. Asamu 《GeoJournal》2004,61(2):183-189
There is a general shortage of potable water in Nigeria, partly through the lack of natural provision and partly because of
rapid urban growth that has largely been unplanned. The paper describes the recent redevelopment of a public water facility
in a run-down area of Ibadan which is part of the Sustainable Ibadan Project. Despite funding from national and international
bodies, the development is strongly based at community level. The local inhabitants feel they have control over their own
water supply through their representatives on the various planning and managing committees. This aims to reduce vandalism
and to increase pride and involvement in the community.
The project is a pilot for other projects around Ibadan, some of which have begun and others are being planned. This paper
describes the administrative structures and management principles that have been employed. It forcefully advocates community-based
planning and management which respects both the environment and the water-users, and involves a major “bottom-up” element.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
168.
Web Use in Geographical and Environmental Education: An International Survey at the Primary and Secondary Level 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This article aims to study Web use and Web-based co-operation and collaboration in geographical and environmental education
at the primary and secondary level around the world. Recent trends and future opportunities and challenges are taken into
account. The theoretical part of the study considers Web use and different forms of Web-based co-operation. Web use and co-operation
in education are classified as co-operative learning, collaborative learning or communal learning. Web use in geographical
and environmental education is noted to be growing in significance. Web-based co-operation at any level of intensity is associated
with many opportunities and challenges. The empirical part of this study involves a survey of geographical and environmental
education researchers in various countries about their views of Web use in education. The results of this survey indicate
that the Web in general finds minimal use in geographical and environmental education. As access to the Web is limited and
only some pupils can use it, co-operation, particularly collaborative learning on the Web, is still rare in geographical and
environmental education. The most often used application is e-mail. Researchers recognise the potential of the Web to enhance
local, national and international co-operation, and to facilitate a better understanding of geographical and environmental
issues at the grass-root level. Web-based learning can also help to increase and deepen the pupils' cultural understanding.
Before that, however, problems in access, costs and teacher training must be solved.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
169.
Liisa Rohweder 《GeoJournal》2004,60(2):175-181
Environmental education in business school context has a significant effect on the way companies view environmental problems.
Business schools train the future decision makers who can, with their own attitudes and practical actions, influence the contribution
of business to the process of ecologically sustainable development. However, several studies show that no systematic thinking
has been undertaken within business education as to what the educational prerequisites of the process of ecologically sustainable
development are. In this article, I will firstly analyze by means of environmental education how business polytechnics in
Finland have taken into consideration ecologically sustainable development. Secondly, I will raise the starting points for
the development of the implementation of environmental education as part of the business schools▪ educational plans. Integrating
environmental education into the vocational courses is identified as being one of the most effective ways of increasing the
effectiveness of environmental education. Thirdly, the emphasis is on identification of barriers of integrating environmental
education into the educational plans of business polytechnics. Theoretically, the article is attached to the objectives and
learning concepts of environmental education and to educational planning theory in general. The empirical data are based on
interviews I conducted 1999–2000 in all Finnish polytechnics offering business education. My article increases theoretical
and practical understanding of how environmental education should be implemented in business education and how the current
situation could be developed.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
170.
可持续发展是我们时代的主题,已被世界各国人民作为发展本国经济所追求的理想方式。作为国民经济建设先行官的地质工作组成部分的探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程)技术与可持续发展有密不可分的关系。针对我们所处的时代特征及人类生存发展的时代主题,面对国民经济建设新形势,简要阐述了探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程)技术与可持续发展的关系以及技术本身发展的有关问题。 相似文献