观测值含有粗差的抗差粒子滤波算法     

范澎湃  隋立芬  曹轶之 《测绘工程》2009,18(2):24-27

作为非线性滤波的代表,粒子滤波得到广泛应用。该算法通过随机生成的具有权重的样本（粒子）来计算后验概率密度。其中赋权的过程需要综合系统信息和观测信息,当观测值含有粗差时,会使粒子错误赋权影响滤波结果。提出一种新的基于抗差估计的抗差粒子滤波算法,通过计算粒子等价权,抑制观测值粗差的影响。模拟计算分析表明,当观测值含有粗差时,与标准粒子滤波相比,该方法能有效提高滤波精度。  相似文献   

基于地面采样点的MODIS等效反射率计算与分析     

管春雷  刘学锋  李先华 《测绘科学》2009,34(4)

本文介绍了等效反射率、平均等效反射率的概念及计算方法,以2006年10月在崇明东滩湿地采集的地面光谱反射率数据和MOD IS地面反射率产品为基础数据,计算了试验区等效反射率和平均等效反射率,开展了平均等效反射率与MOD IS反演反射率的比较分析,对MOD IS地面反射率产品精度作了分析和评价。  相似文献   

Dynamic analysis of a cylindrical casing–cement structure in a poroelastic stratum          下载免费PDF全文

Yang Xia  Yan Jin  Mian Chen  Yunhu Lu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2017,41(12):1362-1389

The transient response of a cylindrical casing–cement structure in a poroelastic stratum under dynamic radial tractions is one of the significant issues during the analysis of downhole operations and the selection of safe material. Based on the Biot theory and general elastic mechanics, this paper gives a set of exact solutions for radial displacement, stresses for the casing–cement system and the pore pressure of the infinite surrounding poroelastic stratum in the Laplace transform space. Solutions are presented for three different types of transient radial loadings acting on the surface of casing, i.e., suddenly applied constant load, gradually applied step load and triangular pulse load. Time domain solutions are obtained using a reliable numerical method of inverse Laplace transforms. A detailed parametric study about the transient response is presented both at the casing–cement interface and the cement–stratum interface, and the distributions of the pore pressure and the effective stresses in the stratum are also examined. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Study of the crust and mantle using magnetic surveys by Magsat and other satellites     

Robert A. Langel 《Journal of Earth System Science》1990,99(4):581-618

Among the first measurements made from near-Earth orbiting satellites were measurements of the magnetic field. The sources of that field lie both within the Earth, in its core and crust, and in the surrounding ionosphere and magnetosphere. This article summarizes some of the methodology and results for studies of the Earth’s mantle and crust. Mantle conductivity studies can be made either by studying signals impressed on the Earth from outside, e.g., the ionosphere or magnetosphere, or by studying signals originating in the core and transmitted through the mantle. Crustal field studies begin with a careful selection of the data and subsequent removal of core and external fields by some sort of filtering. Average maps from different local times sometimes differ, presumably due to the remaining presence of fields of external origin. Several techniques for further filtering are discussed. Where large-area aeromagnetic maps are available, crustal maps derived from satellite data can be compared with upward continued data. In general, the comparisons show agreement, with some differences, particularly in and near the auroral belts. The satellite data are further reduced by various methods of inverse and forward modelling, sometimes including reduction to the pole (RTP). These techniques are generally unstable at the equator. Common methods of stabilizing the inversions include principle components analysis and ridge regression. Because of the presence of the core field, the entire crustal contribution from the field is not known. Also, there is a basic nonuniqueness to the inverse solutions. Nevertheless, magnetizations that are interpretable can be derived.  相似文献   

细颗粒石英光释光测年:简单多片再生法   总被引：30，自引：13，他引：30       下载免费PDF全文

王旭龙  卢演俦  李晓妮 《地震地质》2005,27(4):615-623

文中报道了细颗粒石英光释光测年中测量等效剂量的一种可靠技术——简单多片再生法。该技术的核心是引入单片再生法中试验剂量校正感量变化的功能,即在天然和再生多测片光释光信号测量后,再对各测片辐照以试验剂量,利用试验剂量的光释光信号响应对各测片归一化,同时校正可能发生的感量变化。从方法学上,这一技术具有以下优点1)试验剂量可以校正各测片的感量变化;2)对各测片归一化,克服了实验数据分散度的问题;3)通过对比简单多片再生法与单片再生法在测年中的表现,证实简单多片再生法可以克服单片再生法中可能发生的光释光信号的积累问题。最后,文中通过测定参考年龄样品,即洛川剖面末次冰期马兰黄土(L1)的开始堆积年龄,验证了简单多片再生法的可靠性,即在提高测量准确度和精度的同时,更节约时间  相似文献   

Equivalent force control method for generalized real‐time substructure testing with implicit integration     

Bin Wu  Qianying Wang  P. Benson Shing  Jinping Ou 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(9):1127-1149

This paper presents a new method, called the equivalent force control method, for solving the nonlinear equations of motion in a real‐time substructure test using an implicit time integration algorithm. The method replaces the numerical iteration in implicit integration with a force‐feedback control loop, while displacement control is retained to control the motion of an actuator. The method is formulated in such a way that it represents a unified approach that also encompasses the effective force test method. The accuracy and effectiveness of the method have been demonstrated with numerical simulations of real‐time substructure tests with physical substructures represented by spring and damper elements, respectively. The method has also been validated with actual tests in which a Magnetorheological damper was used as the physical substructure. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Earthquake‐resistant structural design through energy demand and capacity     

Adang Surahman 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(14):2099-2117

An energy‐based earthquake‐resistant structural design method is proposed. The proposed method uses specific input energy spectra, modal or time‐history analyses, and energy distribution among structural members. For a given member strength and stiffness, a relationship between the energy attributable to damage absorbed by a member and its cumulative ductility demand can be determined. Member strength, stiffness and energy capacity are design parameters which are simultaneously used in the design. The method can avoid soft‐storey design. The damage is measured based on a cumulative basis considering earthquake magnitude, frequency, and duration. Tests have been carried out to determine energy absorbing capacities of various structural components. More efforts are needed to make the energy‐based earthquake‐resistant structural design practical, but ssimple formulations for this method are possible. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

大地测量相关观测抗差估计理论   总被引：21，自引：4，他引：21  

杨元喜  宋力杰  徐天河 《测绘学报》2002,31(2):95-99

相关观测异常诊断、质量控制是测量数据处理领域亟待解决的难题之一。分别从方差膨胀模型和相关权元素压缩模型入手研究了相关观测的质量控制理论和方法；给出了误差影响函数；构造了方差膨胀函数和权因子收缩函数；利用观测量的等价协方差阵和等价权矩阵讨论了相关观测质量控制的计算方法。该等价协方差矩阵和等价权矩阵不仅保持了原有协方差矩阵和权矩阵的对称性，而且保持了原有协方差矩阵的相关性不变。计算结果表明异常观测的方差膨胀法和等价权法能有效地控制异常观测对参数估值的影响。  相似文献   

××地块水泥土室内配合比试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

方忠友 《上海国土资源》2002,(1):34-35

针对目前国内外水泥土强度测定的试验方法,还未形成规范操作的情况下,该文主要从室内试验的角度,阐述了水 泥土试验的目的、试验设备、试样的制备以及试验的方法,从而确定出最佳的水泥掺入比,同时对水泥土与原状土的 物理力学性质以及水泥土的强度增长机理作初步的探讨。  相似文献   

相关稳健估计及其在测量数据     

姚宜斌  刘经南  施闯 《测绘信息与工程》2001,(3):5-8

在对现有的基于等价权的稳健估计的弊端进行分析的基础上,直接从方差膨胀模型出发,建立起一套基于调整观测量方差-协方差阵的相关稳健估计方法,并通过算例证明其估计思想、模型的正确性和可行性.  相似文献