白云岩之上红色粘土的磁组构特征及其成因指示意义探讨     

冯金良  朱立平 《中国岩溶》2005,24(4):270-275

通过与粉尘堆积,以及玄武岩和片麻杂岩风化剖面磁组构的对比,探讨了以贵州平坝白云岩之上红色粘土剖面磁组构特征及其成因指示意义。红色粘土的各向异性较弱,并且不具有明显的沉积磁组构;母岩的组构特征对红色粘土磁化率各向异性没有明显的控制“痕迹” ;红色粘土与粉尘堆积物之间磁组构特征的明显差异,表明它们在物源和形成机制方面是不同的;红色粘土磁化率及磁组构特征反映出红色粘土中磁性矿物的物质来源和成因具有一定的特殊性。   相似文献   

Diamictic sediments within high Arctic lake sediment cores: evidence for lake ice rafting along the lateral glacial margin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

I. Rod Smith 《Sedimentology》2000,47(6):1157-1179

Sediment cores from six small lake basins in the Canadian high Arctic reveal a gravel‐rich (≤30% by weight) to gravel‐poor (≥2%) diamict facies underlying massive, post‐glacial, clayey silt. Ten other lakes contain a second diamict facies within what are interpreted to be glaciolacustrine sedimentary assemblages. The sedimentology, clast fabrics and fossil remains (diatoms, ostracodes and chironomid head capsules) within both diamict facies suggest that these deposits are not tills. Clast fabrics yielded low S₁ (0·41–0·57) and high S₃ (0·09–0·22) eigenvalues, placing them within the range of ice‐rafted diamictons and glacigenic sediment flows. The high percentage of clast dip angles >45° (15–61%), random clast azimuth and lower diamict contacts conformable to underlying current‐bedded sediment favours an origin as a rain‐out or settling deposit. Samples of the matrix and scrapings of clasts from the diamicts revealed a diatom assemblage dominated by littoral and planktonic forms, such as are found in the littoral regions of the lakes today. This contrasts sharply with the assemblages within the overlying clayey silt, in which benthic forms predominate. Clasts are thus interpreted to have been rafted from the littoral areas of the lake. The process proposed to explain this is rafting by the lake ice cover in a glacial‐marginal environment. Early season meltwater, impounded along the lateral margin of retreating cold‐based glaciers, would buoyantly lift the lake ice cover and any adfrozen lake sediment. Higher lake levels and increased areal extent of seasonal freeze‐on between the lake ice cover and the lake bed would allow the redeposition of littoral sediments to the benthic regions through greater lateral shifting of the ice cover as it broke up. Incision by meltwater streams into the lateral glacial margins would later isolate the lake, allowing seasonal warming of lake water, enough to support the growth and maturation of the ostracode and chironomid species found as fossils within the diamicts.  相似文献   

米级旋回层序的成因类型及其相序组构特征   总被引：48，自引：7，他引：41  

梅冥相  徐德斌  周洪瑞 《沉积学报》2000,18(1):43

与米兰柯维奇旋回存在成因联系的幕式地层堆积作用的结果 ,是在地层记录中形成各种类型的米级旋回层序。在不同的古地理背景中 ,受物质来源及沉积动力学背景的控制 ,故发育具有不同相序组构的不同类型的米级旋回层序。因此 ,相序组构特征就成为米级旋回层序类型划分的基本准则。地层记录中米级旋回层序的广泛发育 ,以及它们在长周期层序中的有序垂直叠加形式和地史演化特征 ,由不同相序组构所反映的成因类型以及由不同类型所指示的沉积动力背景等等 ,不但表明了米级旋回层序是描述地层结构的基本工作单元 ,而且是对“准层序”的延展和补充。在海相地层中 ,不管是碳酸盐岩还是陆源碎屑岩地层 ,这种厚几厘米至几米的米级旋回层序 ,大致都可以划分为正粒序和反粒序两种相序组构 ,正粒序组构主要是潮汐作用的结果 ,而反粒序主要是以波浪作用为主的浅海环境的产物 ;不管是正粒序还是反粒序序列 ,均构成总体向上变浅序列。由此 ,碳酸盐岩米级旋回层序可划分为L—M型、深水非对称型、潮下型及环潮坪型 ;碎屑岩米级旋回层序可划分为潮汐动力型及波浪动力型。米级旋回层序的界面是由高频率海平面变化所产生的非沉积作用面 ,包括瞬时暴露间断面和瞬时加深淹没间断面乃至它们的相关面 ,这些在区域上延伸较远 ,甚至  相似文献   

玲珑花岗岩体的变形磁组构特征及其与金矿的关系   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

周伟新  万天丰 《地质科学》2000,35(4):385-395

本文利用磁组构的方法对玲珑花岗岩体的磁组构特征及其与金矿的关系进行研究.玲珑岩体的磁化率各向异性度P的平均值为1.2872,具有典型的构造变形成因特点;磁面理围绕其西北侧的北截花岗闪长岩展布,倾角平缓;磁线理呈SW向近水平展布.玲珑岩体的变形磁组构的特征表明玲珑岩体的变形磁组构是由于后期侵入的北截郭家岭花岗闪长岩体侵入造成的.研究还发现除了断裂的控矿作用以外,位于玲珑岩体内部和边缘的金矿和磁化率各向异性间存在密切的空间对应关系.金矿往往位于磁化率各向异性度P值高的区域,而磁化率各向异性度P值低的区域金矿很少.  相似文献   

大别山双河片麻状花岗岩岩体石英组构特征及应变分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘强  杨坤光 《地质力学学报》2002,8(2):149-155

对大别山双河片麻状花岗岩岩体中的石英C轴组构、黑云母(001)解理极点和石英颗粒三维应变分别进行系统测量。结果显示,双河岩体在侵位和后期演化过程中以挤压变形为特点,岩体经过NW-SE向和NE-SW向两次挤压,NW-SE向挤压强度较大,奠定了岩体基本的构造形态。结合区域应力场特征分析得出,双河岩体在早三叠世至早侏罗世应力方位为NW-SE向挤压,中侏罗世及后期为NE-SW向挤压,应力场发生顺时针变化。   相似文献   

黔中乌当盆地阶地沉积特征及其对盆地演化的指示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋玺  陈文奇  宁凡  郑军  罗维均  周涌 《地理研究》2020,39(6):1242-1254

黔中乌当盆地是贵州省山间盆地的典型代表,四级河流阶地清晰地记录了新构造运动中区域地壳抬升和盆地演化。通过阶地沉积物砾组统计、粒度分析、光释光（OSL）测年,探讨盆地的发育和演化。结果显示,阶地砾石排列指示盆地水系古流向与现代河流基本一致,砾石磨圆度变化大,分选较差,岩性继承了区域地层。砾石组合特征反映了构造抬升期盆地内强烈的冲刷剥蚀。漫滩沉积物粒度表明盆地在稳定阶段河流水动力整体呈增大趋势。T4和T3发育阶段区域以冲刷剥蚀为主并塑造了盆地雏形。T2阶地沉积特征及测年结果（177.4 ka~87.6 ka）表明中更新世末期持续数万年的沉积夷平作用使盆地基本成型。T1阶地形成时代约25ka,指示了黔中地区最近一次构造抬升和盆地的最终定型。  相似文献   

阿尔泰南缘东段变形岩石磁组构分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈柏林  张招崇  闫升好  何立新  周刚  李丽  蒋荣宝  王祥  张小林  杨文平 《地学前缘》2007,14(3):138-148

磁组构是指岩石磁化率的各向异性,磁组构方法已经被广泛应用于构造变形分析。阿尔泰南缘东段地区岩石磁组构特征是磁各向异性度P值大,反映本区总体韧性剪切变形强烈。萨尔布拉克—科克萨依脆性劈理化带和玛因鄂博韧性剪压构造带的E>0占优势,磁面理发育,部分样品磁线理发育,反映变形以压扁变形为主,主压应力方向为NE(NEE)向,伴随弱的左行剪切;达拉维孜—阿热勒托别韧性流变构造带和锡泊渡—富蕴深层次变晶糜棱岩带E>0和E<0均存在,磁面理和磁线理均发育,反映以剪切变形为主;其中达拉维孜—阿热勒托别构造带主压应力方向为NE(NEE)向,为左行剪切,而锡泊渡—富蕴构造带主压应力方向为SN向,为右行剪切。在达拉维孜—阿热勒托别构造带中的哈腊苏铜矿和卡拉先格尔—老山口一带一些叠加蚀变矿化的强变形岩石的P值明显减小,说明在韧性变形之后发生过矿化热液作用导致磁化率各向异性发生了均一化。结合区域构造分析,可以认为萨尔布拉克—科克萨依构造带、达拉维孜—阿热勒托别构造带和玛因鄂博构造带构成一个完整的板块碰撞聚合带,而锡泊渡—富蕴构造带可能为在古生代期间被强烈改造的具有前震旦纪结晶基底的微大陆的残留(或断片)。  相似文献   

庐山地区第四纪泥砾沉积物的成因探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘宗秀  赵志中  田姣荣  王敏  李名则 《地质力学学报》2007,13(4):322-332,314

庐山第四纪泥砾沉积物的砾石组构特征表明, 砾石岩性与山体基岩基本一致, 砾石的等体积球径较小, 加权平均砾径较中值砾径大, 分选系数大于1, 分选性差, φ值相对较小, 平均为0.66, F值相对较大, 在2左右, F/φ比值介于2.75～4.75, ρ值集中且较小, 为22.75%～37.75%, 砾石以棱角、次棱角状为主, 磨圆较差; a轴和ab面都倾向沟谷下游, a轴倾角集中且较小, 为7～8°, ab面倾角为7～21°, a轴较ab面具有更为优势的组构倾向; 沉积物粒度频率曲线在4～5?范围内表现为峰; 石英砂颗粒为次棱角状, 贝壳状断口发育, 具平行擦痕、上翻解理片、V形坑和硅质沉淀。上述沉积学特征表明庐山第四纪泥砾沉积物系冰碛冰水沉积, 而非泥石流或河流堆积。   相似文献   

Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine     

Hantao He  Junxing Zheng 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(7):983-1002

Discrete element method (DEM) has become a preeminent numerical tool for investigating the mechanical behavior of granular soils. However, traditional DEM uses sphere clusters to approximate realistic particles, which is computationally demanding when simulating many particles. This paper demonstrates the potential of using a physics engine technique to simulate realistic particles. The physics engines are originally developed for video games for simulating physical and mechanical processes that occur in the real world to produce realistic game experiences. The simulation accuracy and efficiency of physics engines have been significantly improved in the last two decades allowing them to be used as a scientific tool in many disciplines. This paper introduces modeling methodologies of physics engine including realistic particle representation and the contact model. Then, oedometer tests are simulated using realistic particles scanned by X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT). The simulation results agree well with experimental results. This paper demonstrates that physics engines can output contact parameters for geotechnical analysis and force chains for visualization.  相似文献   

Microbial fabrics of geyserites around hot spring pools in Daggyai,Tibet, China     

Rong Li  Geng Wu  Brian Jones  Taiheng Shi 《地学学报》2020,32(5):355-368

The Daggyai geyserites serve as hosts for cesium deposits; however, their origin, whether by chemical deposition or biological formation, is a topic of debate. To decipher the origin of geyserites, the petrographic features of the geyserite samples were examined. The geyserites exhibited columnar laminated, planar laminated and spicular morphologies. Furthermore, they contained morphological and confocal microscopic evidence of the coccoid, bacilliform and filamentous microbes that formed them. Minor calcite and quartz crystals were found locally in the columnar laminated and spicular geyserites. Cyanobacteria tentatively assigned to the genus Calothrix dominated in the planar and columnar laminated geyserites, but were rare in the spicular geyserites. The results demonstrated that the microbes contributed to the Daggyai geyserite formation.  相似文献