中国西部主要台站积雪深度的空间插值研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐国栋  柯长青 《气候与环境研究》2007,12(4):566-572

应用空间插值方法,对中国西部地区(27.17～48.05°N,79.05～103.57°E)110个气象台站的观测数据进行空间内插,研究积雪分布特征。结果表明,普通Kriging法和Cokriging法都能够反映出研究区积雪深度分布的空间结构特征,与实际情况比较吻合。但相比之下,Cokriging法的精度更高,局部特征的反映更佳。分析发现,影响插值结果精度的主要因素是研究区内气象台站稀少,且空间分布很不均匀。通过合理的采样设计,选择合适的插值方法,并考虑地形、气候等影响积雪分布的因素将有利于改善空间插值精度。  相似文献   

云南雨季开始期演变特征分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

陶云  郑建萌  万云霞  刘瑜 《气候与环境研究》2006,11(2):229-235

应用EOF分析方法、小波分析方法及云南16个地州代表站1961～2002年共42年逐日降水量资料,对云南雨季开始期的空间分布、时间演变及多尺度周期变化等特征进行了诊断研究.结果表明:1)云南雨季开始期的空间分布,第一主要特征是全省雨季开始期一致偏早(晚);第二主要特征为云南滇中及以东、以南地区与云南西部雨季开始期反向变化的空间异常分布型态;2)云南雨季开始期存在明显的40年左右长周期、28年左右的年代际周期和8年左右的年际周期.从小波方差看,云南雨季开始期的变化以40年和28年左右的变化周期的振动最强,变化最显著,而年际变化相对较弱;3)云南雨季开始偏早期与偏晚期5月份500 hPa高度距平场有着明显区别;4)印度季风与南海季风对云南雨季开始爆发也起着积极的作用.  相似文献   

特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准     

何梦梦  郭擎  李安  陈俊  陈勃  冯旭祥 《遥感学报》2018,22(2):277-292

随着遥感图像分辨率的日益提高,遥感图像的尺寸和数据量也不断地增大,同时随着遥感应用的发展,对图像配准的性能也提出越来越高的要求,基于此,提出一种特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准方法。首先,对图像进行Haar小波变换,基于小波变换后的近似图像进行配准以提高配准速度;其次,根据不同的遥感图像来源使用不同的特征提取方法(光学图像使用Canny边缘提取算子,SAR图像使用Ratio Of Averages算子),并将线特征转化为点特征;然后,依据特征点间最小角与次小角的角度之比小于某一阈值来确定初始匹配点对;最后,利用改进的随机抽样一致性算法滤除错误匹配点对,并结合分块思想均匀选取匹配点对计算仿射变换参数,进一步提高配准精度。为了验证本文方法的有效性,选择高分辨率World View-2图像、Pleiades图像和Terra SAR图像进行了实验,并与典型的SIFT算法、SURF算法进行比较分析,采用匹配率、匹配效率、均方根误差和时间消耗4个定量评价指标来客观评价算法的配准性能。实验结果表明,本文方法具有较好的有效性,且在不同的情况下具有较高的配准精度。本文提出的特征级高分辨率遥感图像快速自动配准方法,多组高分辨率遥感图像数据的配准实验结果表明该方法能快速实现并具有较高的配准精度和较好的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

On bridges B(pL, qS) around triangular libration points     

X. Y. Hou  L. Liu 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2009,104(3):241-256

When μ is smaller than Routh’s critical value μ ₁ = 0.03852 . . . , two planar Lyapunov families around triangular libration points exist, with the names of long and short period families. There are periodic families which we call bridges connecting these two Lyapunov families. With μ increasing from 0 to 1, how these bridges evolve was studied. The interval (0,1) was divided into six subintervals (0, μ ₅), (μ ₅, μ ₄), (μ ₄, μ ₃), (μ ₃, μ ₂), (μ ₂, μ ₁), (μ ₁, 1), and in each subinterval the families B(pL, qS) were studied, along with the families B(qS, qS′). Especially in the interval (μ ₂, μ ₁), the conclusion that the bridges B(qS, qS′) do not exist was obtained. Connections between the short period family and the bridges B(kS, (k + 1)S) were also studied. With these studies, the structure of the web of periodic families around triangular libration points was enriched.  相似文献   

Influence of the water layer upon the depth of ground radar investigations in freshwater reservoirs     

M. L. Vladov  A. M. Pyatilova 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2009,64(1):59-62

A number of problems associated with detailed investigation of subsurface geological structure below the bottoms of freshwater reservoirs (rivers, ponds, and lakes) arise during the study of the upper portions of geological sections. The present study is aimed at marginal estimation of the penetrating depth of ground radar investigations in freshwater reservoirs (based on bottom reflections), taking into account the complex nature of conductivity and its dependence upon the frequency under ideal conditions with no noise. The same method can be applied for estimating any given dynamic recording range.  相似文献   

Aerosol optical depths at Mohal-Kullu in the northwestern Indian Himalayan high altitude station during ICARB     

Jagdish C. Kuniyal  Alpana Thakur  Harinder K. Thakur  Sanjeev Sharma  P. Pant  Pan S. Rawat  K. Krishna Moorthy 《Journal of Earth System Science》2009,118(1):41-48

First time observations of spectral aerosol optical depths (AODs) at Mohal (31.9°N, 77.11°E; altitude 1154 m amsl) in the Kullu valley, located in the northwestern Indian Himalayan region, have been carried out during Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB), as a part of the Indian Space Research Organisation-Geosphere Biosphere Program (ISRO-GBP). AODs at six wavelengths are obtained using Microtops-II Sunphotometer and Ozonometer. The monthly mean values of AOD at 500 nm are found to be 0.27 ± 0.04 and 0.24 ± 0.02 during March and April, 2006 respectively. However, their monthly mean values are 0.33 ± 0.04 at 380 nm and 0.20 ± 0.03 nm at 870 nm during March 2006 and 0.31 ± 0.3 at 380 nm and 0.17 ± 0.2 at 870 nm during April 2006, showing a gradual decrease in AOD with wavelength. The Ångstrom wavelength exponent ‘α’ had a mean value of 0.72 ± 0.05, implying reduced dominance of fine particles. Further, the afternoon AOD values are higher as compared to forenoon values by ～ 33.0% during March and by ～ 9.0% during April 2006 and are attributed to the pollutant lifted up from the valley by the evolving boundary layer. Besides the long-range transportation of aerosol particles by airmass from the Great Sahara and the Thar Desert regions to the observing site, the high values of AODs have also been influenced by biomass burning and frequent incidents of forest fire at local levels.  相似文献   

宁夏香山地区泥盆系砂(页)岩型铜矿地质特征及找矿标志研究     

李红宇  郭合伟  孙文坤 《地质与勘探》2009,45(1)

宁夏香山砂(页)岩型铜矿,呈层状、似层状,主要产于泥盆系上统老君山组第二岩段(D3l2)上部.铜矿物主要为孔雀石、蓝铜矿、辉铜矿、黄铜矿.铜矿石中伴生银.成矿部位为内陆湖盆边缘带,成矿环境为强氧化向弱还原转变的地球化学环境.通过探讨砂(页)岩型铜矿的成矿环境特征,提出了该区铜矿的找矿标志.该地区铜矿正在评价勘探,外围找矿正在深入开展中.  相似文献   

安徽淮北煤矿富水区被动式超低频电磁探测结果解析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李百寿 《地质与勘探》2009,45(4):431-436

被动式超低频电磁法是一种在地表直接接收来自地下3～3000Hz频段的天然超低频电磁信号,通过对接收信号的处理和解释实现对地下的岩性界面、构造、资源和能源进行探测,拥有巨大开发潜力的地球物理勘探新方法.首先简述了富水区的被动式超低频电磁探测机理,其次结合安徽省淮北市煤矿富水区的探测实例来说明该方法的适用性和局限性.在数据处理上采用曲线叠加平均、平滑和特征深度标定的方法,同时采用了测深曲线和视电阻率等值断面进行地质解释.解释结果和已知钻孔资料对比发现,无论在测深曲线上,还是在断面图上,富水区均具有明显的特征.  相似文献   

Spatial-temporal characterization of the San Andreas Fault by fault-zone trapped waves at seismic experiment site,Parkfield, California          下载免费PDF全文

Yong-Gang Li 《地震科学（英文版）》2021,34(3):261-285

In this article, we review our previous research for spatial and temporal characterizations of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) at Parkfield, using the fault-zone trapped wave (FZTW) since the middle 1980s. Parkfield, California has been taken as a scientific seismic experimental site in the USA since the 1970s, and the SAF is the target fault to investigate earthquake physics and forecasting. More than ten types of field experiments (including seismic, geophysical, geochemical, geodetic and so on) have been carried out at this experimental site since then. In the fall of 2003, a pair of scientific wells were drilled at the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) site; the main-hole (MH) passed a ～200-m-wide low-velocity zone (LVZ) with highly fractured rocks of the SAF at a depth of ～3.2 km below the wellhead on the ground level (Hickman et al., 2005; Zoback, 2007; Lockner et al., 2011). Borehole seismographs were installed in the SAFOD MH in 2004, which were located within the LVZ of the fault at ～3-km depth to probe the internal structure and physical properties of the SAF. On September 282004, a M6 earthquake occurred ～15 km southeast of the town of Parkfield. The data recorded in the field experiments before and after the 2004 M6 earthquake provided a unique opportunity to monitor the co-mainshock damage and post-seismic heal of the SAF associated with this strong earthquake. This retrospective review of the results from a sequence of our previous experiments at the Parkfield SAF, California, will be valuable for other researchers who are carrying out seismic experiments at the active faults to develop the community seismic wave velocity models, the fault models and the earthquake forecasting models in global seismogenic regions.  相似文献   

水深对软刚臂单点系泊FPSO动力响应的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘成义  唐友刚  李焱 《海洋工程》2016,34(1):25-32

系泊系统的定位能力是浅水油田作业的软刚臂式单点系泊FPSO安全作业的重要保障,为研究不同水深/吃水比下单点系泊系统的受力性能,针对一艘16万吨级软刚臂单点系泊FPSO,在线性三维势流理论的基础上,基于多体动力学方法,建立FPSO-系泊腿-软刚臂的耦合模型,采用Newman近似法和Pinkster近似法分析了FPSO所受二阶波浪力,在时域内计算了不同水深/吃水比对系泊系统动力响应性能的影响。结果表明,随着水深/吃水比的增加,Newman近似法计算得到二阶波浪力先增大后减小,引起单点系泊系统载荷先增大后减小;而Pinkster近似法计算得到的二阶波浪力逐渐减下,引起单点载荷逐渐减下。在浅水条件下,Pinkster近似法具有较好的适用性,Newman近似法严重低估了FPSO所受的二阶波浪力;在深水条件下,Newman近似法能满足工程计算的要求;适用两种方法的临界水深/吃水比为1.64。  相似文献