Distribution of ammonia-oxidizing Betaproteobacteria community in surface sediment off the Changjiang River Estuary in summer     

LI Jialin  BAI Jie  GAO Huiwang  LIU Guangxing 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(3):92-99

The spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing Betaproteobacteria ( β AOB) was investigated by FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) and DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) techniques in the sediment off the Changjiang River Estuary.Sediment samples were collected from eight stations in June before the formation of hypoxia zone in 2006.The abundance of β AOB ranged from 1.87 × 10 5 to 3.53 × 10 5 cells/g of sediment.β AOB abundance did not present a negative correlation with salinity,whereas salinity was implicated as the primary factor affecting nitrification rates.The DGGE profiles of PCR-amplified amo A gene fragments revealed that the β AOB community structure of sample S2 separated from other samples at the level of 40% similarity.The variations in composition of β AOB were significantly correlated with the salinity,temperature,absorption ability of sediments and TOC. The statistical analysis indicates that the β AOB abundance was a main factor to influence nitrification rates with an influence ratio of 87.7% at the level of 40% biodiversity similarity.Considering the good correlation between β AOB abundance and nitrification estimates,the abundance and diversity of β AOB community could be expected as an indirect index of nitrification activity at the study sea area in summer.  相似文献   

Composition and ecological distribution of ichthyoplankton in eastern Beibu Gulf   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHOU Meiyu  LIN Yuanshao  YANG Shengyun  CAO Wenqing  ZHENG Lianming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(1):94-105

Surveys were conducted in four seasons in the eastern Beibu Gulf from July 2006 to November 2007,to determine the ichthyoplankton composition,abundance,as well as environmental factors impacted on their spatiotemporal distributions.The fish eggs and larvae were sorted from 303 zooplankton quantitative samples,in which at least 1 order,60 families,31 genera and 61 species of fish eggs and larvae were identified.The species number was highest in summer whereas lowest in winter.With the most abundant fish egg (the average density was 2.41 ind./m 3),spring was the main spawning season,while the greatest mean density of fish larva was 1.35 ind./m 3 in summer.In the whole year around,fish eggs had the trends to aggregate in the nearshore of Guangxi coast,fish larvae were more abundant in the northern water.Relationships between fish eggs and larvae abundance and environmental factors were analyzed by using the Yield-Density model.The spatiotemporal distribution of ichthyoplankton in eastern Beibu Gulf was closely related to the Chl a concentration,and the optimal temperature,salinity and Chl a were 19.4-21.7 C,31.8-33.1 and 1.5-4.8 mg/m 3,respectively.Additionally,the distribution of fish larvae could be effected by ocean currents in summer and autumn.  相似文献   

长江口水下三角洲沉积物记录的古环境演化   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张瑞虎  谢建磊  刘韬  赵宝成 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2011,(1):1-10

长江口水下三角洲60 m的HYZK5钻孔,揭示了末次冰期以来河流相、滨海湖沼相、河口湾-浅海相(前三角洲相)和水下汉道相的沉积环境演化.泥炭层形成于末次冰期的冷湿气候环境;有孔虫丰度的变化反映了12 000 cal.aBP以来海平面迅速上升,但在11 200～10 000 cal.aBP出现短暂的停顿.沉积物的粒度、磁...  相似文献   

碳酸盐岩烃源岩判识与实践——以四川盆地为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄籍中  吕宗刚 《海相油气地质》2011,16(3):8-14

碳酸盐岩可以成为烃源岩,并为油气藏提供丰富的烃源,但不是所有碳酸盐岩都可以视为烃源岩。碳酸盐岩在成藏进程中,往往作为输导层或储集层,并常有外源有机质的干扰。碳酸盐岩烃源岩应该是有机质原生赋存(与矿物结合成为沉积的一部分),具有一定丰度值,在适宜的热成熟阶段,同样可以形成液态烃和气态烃。碳酸盐岩烃源岩发育于低能环境的沉积相——开阔海台地相、局限海台地相、生物泥丘相、斜坡相,等等。泥质泥晶灰岩,生物泥—粒泥岩—泥粒岩微相,应该是碳酸盐岩烃源岩的主要岩类。碳酸盐岩烃源岩与油系泥质烃源岩比较,具有油窗凸显且高峰期前移、气态烃峰期不明显且有后延、液态烃产率高的特点。据对碳酸盐岩烃源潜量的评估,它在四川盆地烃源中占20%～25%,为油气成藏作出了重要贡献。  相似文献   

Defining dynamic pelagic habitats in oceanic waters off eastern Australia     

A.J. Hobday  J.W. YoungC. Moeseneder  J.M. Dambacher 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2011,58(5):734-745

Although many species in the pelagic ocean are widespread, they are not randomly distributed. These species may have associations with particular water masses or habitats, but to best understand patterns in the ocean, these habitats must be identified. Previous efforts have produced static or seasonal climatologies, which still represent smearing over habitats. The Eastern Tuna and Billfish Longline Fishery (ETBF) targets a range of high trophic level species in oceanic waters off eastern Australia. In this study, dynamic ocean habitats in the region were identified for each month based on cluster analysis of five oceanographic variables averaged at a monthly time scale and a spatial scale of 0.5° for the period 1995-2006. A total of seven persistent habitats were identified off eastern Australia with intra and interannual variation in size and location, indicating the importance of spatial and temporal variation in the dynamics of the region. The degree to which these dynamic habitats were distinguished was tested using (i) stable isotope analysis of top fish predators caught in the region and (ii) estimates of variation in estimated abundance generated from catch data from the fishery. More precise estimates (measured as lower total CV) of isotopic values from swordfish (Xiphias gladius), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and albacore (Thunnus alalunga) were obtained for 4 of 6 isotope comparisons using the dynamic habitat groupings, which indicate that stratifying by pelagic habitat improved precision. Dynamic habitats produced more precise abundance estimates for 7 of 8 large pelagic species examined, with an average reduction in total CV of 19% compared to when abundance was estimated based on static habitat stratification. These findings could be used to guide development of effective monitoring strategies that can distinguish patterns due to environmental variation, and in the longer term, climate change.  相似文献   

福建省主要海湾浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼的种类组成与丰度分布     

张跃平 《台湾海峡》2011,30(2):234-242

根据2007年8月至2009年10月期间在福建省主要海湾的调查资料,对其浮性鱼卵和仔稚鱼的种类组成与数量分布特点进行初步研究和探讨.结果表明,本调查海域共出现鱼卵和仔稚鱼68种,隶属于29科,主要是近海中上层鱼类、浅海底层鱼类和港湾河口型鱼类3个生态类型.各站鱼卵总平均丰度是497.5粒/网,仔稚鱼总平均丰度50.8个/网.优势种明显,占总量比例大;不同季节和不同海湾的种类数相差不大;数量平面分布呈现不同季节不同海湾差别较大,规律性不强,偶然性大等特点.  相似文献   

2006年秋季长江口及邻近海域微微型浮游生物的分布特征及环境影响因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乐凤凤  刘诚刚  郝锵  史君贤  翟红昌 《海洋学研究》2011,(3):108-117

2006年10月在长江口及邻近海域采用流式细胞技术测定了微微型浮游生物:聚球藻Synechococcus、微微型光合真核生物(picoeukaryotes)和异养浮游细菌(heterotrophic bacteria)的丰度和碳生物量,研究了其生态分布特点,并分析了其与环境因子之间的关系.结果表明,聚球藻、微微型光合真...  相似文献   

山东半岛南部近岸海域渔业资源群落结构的季节变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李涛  张秀梅  张沛东  黄国强 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z1):41-50

根据2006年夏、冬季和2007年春、秋季在山东半岛南部近岸海域进行的渔业资源底拖网调查资料,初步分析了该海域渔业资源群落结构特征。结果表明,该海域4个航次的调查共捕获渔业资源种类72种。2006年夏、冬,2007年春、秋4个航次的单位网次渔获量分别为18.1、6.9、1.3、10.3 kg/h。生物量的季节变化,依次呈夏季>冬季>秋季>春季。优势种类主要为赤鼻棱鳀(Thryssakammalensis)、长蛇鲻(Sauridaelongate)、方氏云鳚(Enedrias fangi)及口虾蛄(Oratosquillaorato-ria)、剑尖枪乌贼(Loligoedulis)、鹰爪虾(Rachypenaeus curvirostris)等。根据4个航次的调查数据,分别计算了渔业生物群落的种类丰度指数R、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′、Pielou均匀度指数J′。通过聚类分析、单因子相似性分析(ANOSI M)、相似性百分比分析(SI MPER),以及对该海域游泳动物资源结构现状与历史调查数据对比分析表明,该海域渔业资源群落结构存在衰退现象。本研究为山东半岛南部海域渔业生物多样性保护和资源管理提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhigao Sun  Xiaojie Mou  Xinhua Li  Lingling Wang  Hongli Song  Huanhuan Jiang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(2):129-148

Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies on C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.  相似文献   

内蒙古扎鲁特地区鲁D2井林西组烃源岩 有机地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苏飞  卞雄飞  王青海  蒋兴超  唐友军  张健 《地质通报》2013,32(8):1307-1314

烃源岩生烃潜力的定量评价是研究盆地油气勘探潜力的重要手段.采用有机质丰度、类型、成熟度和沉积环境指标定量或定性评价了鲁D2井暗色泥岩的生烃潜力.有机碳定量评价表明,林西组泥岩为中等有机质丰度烃源岩.依据Pr/nC17、Ph/nC18散点图揭示林西组有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主;伽玛蜡烷指数指示有机质形成于半咸水、还原环境,有利于有机质的保存.伊利石结晶度分析表明,烃源岩演化进入过成熟阶段.结果表明,扎鲁特盆地林西组泥岩为中等丰度、Ⅱ型干酪根、过成熟烃源岩,具有良好的页岩气勘探前景.  相似文献