平面监测网的动态滤波     

徐晖 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1990,(1)

在假定形变区域为分块连续弹性体的基础上,本文提出一个所谓虚拟形变速率参数形变模型,由它的特例可推出常见的单点位移形变模型。之后又讨论和研究了平面监测网的观测数据滤波问题,设计出一个虚拟形变速率参数卡尔曼滤波器,具体做了这几项工作:(1)在所提出的形变模型下,推导出平面监测网的状态方程;(2)解决了初始状态及其方差阵的估计问题;(3)在极大似然的原则下,得到了动态噪声方差阵的逐次修正公式。在对两个模拟网的几种不同方案进行试算之后,本文提出了几点结论和建议。  相似文献   

Traveltime measurements from noise correlation: stability and detection of instrumental time-shifts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. Stehly  M. Campillo  N. M. Shapiro 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(1):223-230

We test the feasibility of using Green's functions extracted from records of ambient seismic noise to monitor temporal changes in the Earth crust properties by repeated measurements at regional distances. We use about 11 yr of continuous recordings to extract surface waves between three pairs of stations in California. The correlations are computed in a moving 1-month window and we analyse the temporal evolution of measured interstation traveltimes. The comparison of the arrival times in the positive and negative correlation time of Rayleigh and Love waves allows us to separate time-shifts associated with any form of physical change in the medium, those resulting from clock drift or other instrumental errors, and those due to change in the localization of the noise sources. This separation is based on the principle of time symmetry. When possible, we perform our analysis in two different period bands: 5–10 and 10–20 s. The results indicate that significant instrumental time errors (0.5 s) are present in the data. These time-shifts can be measured and tested by closure relation and finally corrected independently of any velocity model. The traveltime series show a periodic oscillation that we interpret as the signature of the seasonal variation of the region of origin of the seismic noise. Between 1999 and 2005, the final arrival time fluctuations have a variance of the order of 0.01 s. This allows us to measure interstation traveltimes with errors smaller than 0.3 per cent of the interstation traveltime and smaller than 1 per cent of the used wave period. This level of accuracy was not sufficient to detect clear physical variation of crustal velocity during the considered 11 yr between the three stations in California. Such changes may be more easily detectable when considering pairs of stations more closely located to each other and in the vicinity of tectonically active faults or volcanoes.  相似文献   

Groundwater-level Anomalies Associated with a Hypothetical Preslip Prior to the Anticipated Tokai Earthquake: Detectability Using the Groundwater Observation Network of the Geological Survey of Japan,AIST     

Norio Matsumoto  Yuichi Kitagawa  Naoji Koizumi 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(12):2377-2396

We infer the groundwater-level anomalies associated with a hypothetical preslip prior to the anticipated M 8 Tokai earthquake, and evaluate the detectability of the anomalies using data from seven groundwater wells. We evaluate the detectability of the anomalies under the following assumptions: (1) an Mw 5.5–6.5 aseismic preslip event occurs at the plate boundary in and around the hypothetical focal zone of the Tokai earthquake; (2) the total amount of the strain step at each observation associated with the preslip can be calculated by tensile and shear faulting based on the dislocation model; (3) a normalized strain history associated with the preslip is defined from the results of numerical simulations based on rate- and state-dependent friction laws; and (4) the groundwater-level anomaly prior to the earthquake is proportional to the estimated history of the strain change associated with the preslip. We investigate the detection time of the anomaly at seven wells given an Mw 5.5, 6.0, or 6.5 aseismic preslip at one of the 272 grid points in and around the area of the hypothetical focal zone of the Tokai earthquake. As a result, over the time interval between 1 and 48 hours prior to the hypothetical Tokai earthquake, we are able to detect at each of the seven wells a hypothetical Mw 6.5 preslip at 10–86 of the 272 grid points, an Mw 6 preslip at 0–19 grid points, and an Mw 5.5 preslip at 0–5 grid points.  相似文献   

远参考大地电磁测深法应用研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9  

杨生  鲍光淑  张全胜 《物探与化探》2002,26(1):27-31,49

随着大地电磁法应用领域的不断扩大,勘探环境的干扰背景也越来越复杂,而采用远参考方法是压制干扰、提高信噪比的一种有效方法。本文从信号检测的角度阐述了该方法的原理,并讨论了其在压制各种干扰方面所发挥的作用。  相似文献   

场地土的随机地震反应分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

门玉明  黄义  刘增荣 《工程地质学报》2001,9(1):68-73

研究了剪切模量随深度呈线性变化时场地土的随机地震反应分析方法, 分别建立了基岩输入地震动加速度功率谱函数为白噪声和过滤白噪声时场地土的随机地震反应分析理论。  相似文献   

成像光谱图像的噪声分析与消除方法研究--以北京顺义区成像光谱图像为例     

姜小光  王长耀  王成 《干旱区地理》2001,24(1):9-14

以北京顺义区32通道成像光谱数据为例，从数据的统计参数入手，分别从数据的方差、动态范围、相关性、直方图等方面分析研究噪声及特点，在此基础上提高局部邻域自动噪声查找与消除算法。  相似文献   

MT法中利用阻抗相位资料对畸变视电阻率曲线的校正   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11  

杨生  张少云等 《地质与勘探》2001,37(6):42-45

从理论上论证了在一定条件下大地电磁响应中的相位资料将不受随机电磁噪声的影响，介绍了由相位资料递推计算视电阻率的方法，通过与远参考资料的比较，证明利用阻抗相位资料可分段恢复校正畸变的实测视电阻率数据。  相似文献   

孤北21三维目标处理实例     

尚新民  石林光  赵庆国  赵明金  童思友 《物探与化探》2001,25(1):54-60

结合地质目标及处理要求,对孤北21井区三维资料进行了分析。对不同处理目标采取了相应的处理措施,取得了较好的处理效果。  相似文献   

A note on the useable dynamic range of accelerographs recording translation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. D. Trifunac  M. I. Todorovska 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2001,21(4)

Since the late 1970s, the dynamic range and resolution of strong motion digital recorders have leaped from 65 to 135 dB, opening new possibilities for advanced data processing and interpretation. One of these new possibilities is the calculation of permanent displacement of the ground or of structures, associated with faulting or with non-linear response. Proposals on how permanent displacements could be recovered from recorded strong motion have been published since 1976. The analysis in this paper concludes that permanent displacements of the ground and of structures in the near-field can be calculated provided all six components of strong motion (three translations and three rotations) have been recorded, and the records are corrected for transducer rotation, misalignment and cross-axis sensitivity.  相似文献   

星载SAR图象斑点噪声消除方法效果的比较研究     

唐伶俐  江平  戴昌达 《遥感学报》1996,(3)

星载（ＳＡＲ）图象一般都存在相干斑点噪声，严重干扰地物信息的提取与ＳＡＲ图象的应用效果，因此斑点噪声的消除问题引起微波遥感科技工作者的普遍关注，先后有多位学者提出各种不同的处理方法，其中最为常用的有均值平滑滤波、中值平滑滤波、Ｆｒｏｓｔ自适应滤波、Ｌｅｅ自适应滤波以及近期由Ｐ．Ｖ．ＮａｒａｓｉｍｈａＲａｏ等人提出的改良Ｋ－均值自适应滤波等方法。本文分析了这几种方法的数学基础，并选择了有代表性的实验区开展对比试验，结果表明：改良Ｋ－均值自适应滤波法效果最佳。  相似文献