栉孔扇贝♀×华贵栉孔扇贝♂受精及早期胚胎发育过程的细胞学荧光显微观察   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

毕克  包振民  黄晓婷  王珏  赵洋  胡景杰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(2):283-286

为探讨贝类杂交优势 ,利用HOECHST3 3 2 5 8对已固定样品进行染色的方法 ,连续观察了栉孔扇贝♀×华贵栉孔扇贝♂受精的细胞生物学过程 ,初步证明了这 2种远缘扇贝种类之间进行杂交的可行性。结果表明 ,栉孔扇贝的成熟未受精卵子处于第一次减数分裂中前期 ,部分来自华贵栉孔扇贝的异源精子可顺利进入卵子并激发后者完成 2次减数分裂 ,排出第一及第二极体。成熟的雌雄原核形成后完成融合过程 ,形成合子核 ,受精过程结束。大部分杂交受精卵及杂种早期胚胎可以正常发育 ,但其发育进程较种内近交对照组有明显的差别 ,具体表现在延缓性和不同步性 2个方面。  相似文献   

The genus Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) in New Zealand: analysis of the last decade's monitoring data     

L Rhodes  W Jiang  B Knight  J Adamson  K Smith  V Langi 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):490-503

The diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia blooms throughout New Zealand's coastal waters. More than a decade of monitoring data were analysed in this study and seasonality was a significant factor in the appearance of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. Austral spring and summer were the main bloom periods, although there were regional differences. Between January 2000 and August 2011, 8.4% of 29,000 seawater samples analysed for Pseudo-nitzschia exceeded the voluntary trigger level for biotoxin testing (10×10⁴ cells l^?1), and these were analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) assays. Pseudo-nitzschia fraudulenta and P. pseudodelicatissima (low domoic acid [DA] producers) were the dominant bloom formers throughout New Zealand (each contributing 25%) followed by the highly toxic P. australis (10%). Shellfish flesh testing for DA was triggered on 8477 occasions between 2000 and 2011, but no samples exceeded the regulatory limit (20 mg/kg); the maximum concentration was 13 mg/kg (Marlborough Sounds, mid-winter 2010).  相似文献   

毛蚶受精和早期卵裂过程核行为的荧光显微镜观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董迎辉  张晓  姚韩韩  林志华 《台湾海峡》2011,30(2):223-228

利用Hoechst33258染色、荧光显微镜观察方法,对毛蚶受精和早期卵裂过程中核行为的细胞学变化进行了详细观察.结果表明,毛蚶成熟未受精卵呈卵圆形,卵径为52.909±2.092μm,核相处于第一次成熟分裂中期.在水温为26±1℃条件下进行受精,在受精后15~18、20~25 min,受精卵先后排出第一、第二极体,完成第一次和第二次成熟分裂;受精后30 min左右,雌、雄性原核形成;受精后35 min,雌、雄性原核各自形成染色体组,在卵子中央发生联合,染色体共同排列在纺锤体的赤道板上,形成第一次有丝分裂的中期分裂相;受精后40 min左右,受精卵进行第一次卵裂,形成2个大小不等的卵裂球;受精后55~60 min,受精卵完成第二次卵裂,形成1大3小4个卵裂球.另外,在研究中还发现了极少量的多精受精、多极分离等异常细胞学现象,对其成因及机制进行了分析和探讨.  相似文献   

Dissolved organic matter and its role in red tide succession in the East China Sea in spring     

������  ����� 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(4):795-799

Dissolved fluorescent organic matter was measured using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy at three temporal points during a Synechococcus bloom after diatom bloom dispersion in spring, 2007. Carbohydrate and dissolved organic carbon were also analyzed. The relationship between organic matter and red tide succession was examined. The results show that after the diatom bloom, tyrosine-like fluorescence B intensity was very high within the water column and exhibited a negative correlation wi...  相似文献   

荧光有机组分指数与烃源岩生烃性能研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨建业  任德贻  代世峰 《煤田地质与勘探》2000,28(3):28-31

荧光有机组分是各类低熟-成熟烃源岩的重要的有机显微组分。本文在研究吐哈与准噶尔盆地早中侏罗世烃源岩时,提出荧光有机组分指数概念。它作为主要生烃指标之一,并配合其他有机岩石学参数,在评价低熟-成熟烃源岩有机质类型、丰度等方面均取得了良好效果。   相似文献   

Geochemical analyses of geological layers and groundwater flows     

K. Mizumura  Y. Kumagait  H. Tsutsui  T. Nishimoto  T. Yamamoto 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(10):1147-1154

X-ray fluorescent spectroscope analysis easily finds ratios of geochemical elements in soil. Applying the method of ratio matching to measured ratios, the classification of geological layers, and the flow directions of groundwater can be determined. This method is applied to three hill slopes in Japan and the results are in good agreement with the observations and measurements of soil cores obtained by drilling. The classification of geological layers is found to be quantitatively connected with the rates of organic matter in soil cores. Received: 5 February 1999 · Accepted: 7 September 1999  相似文献   

光暗周期下底拖萤光网作业对鱼类的捕捞效应     

方水美  肖方森  李善贞 《台湾海峡》2000,19(4):523-528

萤光网对中上层鱼、近低层鱼的增产效应大多为全昼夜性的、对底层鱼的增产效应多数为非全昼夜性的;对于有全昼夜性增产效应的种,萤光网的增幅、比增与其渔获量显著相关,对于非全昼夜性增产效应的种则否;萤光网作业最具特生征的是,随自然光照条件变化,其作业效率依渔获种的视觉性能及视觉功能转换状况而发生变化。  相似文献   

珊瑚荧光的古降水记录   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

贺剑峰  彭子成  何学贤  张兆峰  刘桂建 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(2):63-68

珊瑚作为热带海洋气候环境的信息载体，不仅记录了过去海洋信息，也记录了陆源环境信息。Isdale于1984年在《Nature》杂志上发表论文阐明珊瑚的黄绿荧光记录了Burdekin河的径流量变化以后，国际上对珊瑚荧光的研究逐渐发展起来，并取得了不少成果。研究表明，利用珊瑚荧光所提供的信息，可以重现过去大陆沿海的降雨变化情况、干旱或洪涝的变化旋回及入海河流的径流量变化。这对研究并重建过去气候环境、预报未来的气候变化趋势有着重要的意义。本文评述了国外对珊瑚荧光的研究进展、报道了本实验室进行了初步工作，同时，对珊瑚荧光作为环境地球化学新的代用指标所潜在的应用前景进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Photobleaching of fluorescence and the organic carbon concentration in a coastal environment     

Annelie Skoog  Margareta Wedborg  Elisabet Fogelqvist 《Marine Chemistry》1996,55(3-4)

In order to investigate the photobleaching potential of estuarine waters from different depths and redox conditions and with varying degree of biological activity, filtered, unfiltered and chloroform-poisoned water samples from the Baltic Sea were exposed to ambient sunlight. Fluorescence, at excitation 350 nm and emission 450 nm, was used as an indication of humic substance concentration. Fluorescence and organic carbon concentration were measured at regular time intervals during light exposure. We found that the decrease in humic substance fluorescence can be fitted to an exponential decay function. The fluorescence half-lives were within the range 0.4 – 4.6 days in different water masses, with fluorescence decreasing to between 20% and 60% of initial concentration, respectively. Results from the curve fitting procedure indicate a rest concentration of humic substance fluorescence, similar among the sampled sites, that is resistant to further photochemical degradation. The largest relative decreases in fluorescence were found in deep waters, but samples from deep waters also had a higher fluorescence rest concentration than samples from surface waters. Biological activity was reduced by filtering the samples through 0.2μm pore size filters or adding chloroform. No statistically significant differences were found after 3 days of irradiation between samples with and without treatment to reduce biological activity. The highest initial fluorescence values and the largest fluorescence decrease were found in the anoxic waters of the Gotland Deep. The organic carbon concentrations decreased 3–7% at all stations. The shortest half-life of humic substance, and the largest decrease in organic carbon concentrations, were found in samples from the northern basins of the Baltic Sea.  相似文献   

水中荧光计在高混浊水域中的混合扩散实验应用     

夏达英  苗禄田  胡福辰  朱儒弟  边洪村 《海岸工程》1997,(2)

为了研究长江水域污染物质的输运和扩散规律，作者利用研制成功的水中荧光计在该水域进行了混合扩散实验。该仪器在高混浊水作中对罗丹明B的浓度检测范围为1×10－9～5×10-5g／cm3，精确度≤±10％。本文着重论述使用水中荧光计和荧光示踪染料在流速大、混浊度高的长江九江江段和镇江江段进行水体混合扩散测量实验的情况，结果令人满意，为我国的高混浊水体混合扩散实验研究提供了新的手段和方法。  相似文献