Functional substitution of coordination polyhedron in crystal structure of silicates     

叶大年  D.Pushcharovsky  施倪承  马哲生  赫伟  李哲 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(8):702-708

On the bases of the study of comparative crystal chemistry of silicates it has been concluded that the octahedra and square pyramids of Ti-0 and Zr-0 play functional role of tetrahedra of Si-0 in the construction of crystal structures. Therefore, those silicates may be named titano-and zircono-silicates. Because of the functional similarity of coordination polyhedra, the structures of cristobalite and feldspar have been compared with those of perovskite and garnet, respectively. As a new concept, the functional replacement of tetrahedra by octahedra and/or pyramids is defined by the authors of this paper for favorable comparison of relative crystal structures.  相似文献   

模块化设计初探          下载免费PDF全文

吴允成 《探矿工程》1996,(1):45-48

介绍了部分国外钻机模块化设计概况及该方法在本企业的应用情况。模块化设计方法设计出的钻机，其功能具有可组合性，能进一步满足市场的不同需求。对于多品种小批量生产，运用模块化设计及管理，并结合运用成组技术及ＣＡＤ等，可缩短产品的设计及生产周期，使企业获得类似批量生产的经济效益。  相似文献   

The ?resund Area: Pre- and post-bridge cross-border functional integration: The bi-national regional question     

Christian Wichmann Matthiessen 《GeoJournal》2004,61(1):31-39

Copenhagen in Denmark and Malmö in Sweden were connected in 2000 by the 18- km fixed Öresund link. This meant that the time distance-barrier was reduced dramatically and that the land-sea bottleneck was eliminated. High-profile pre-bridge expectations of a new regional development regime towards a functionally integrated, bi-national region are assessed in this paper. The paper relates to the continuing discussion on development of border-regions and bi-national cities. Data on cross-Öresund flows of people and vehicles, together with data on migration and commuting, indicates a modest post-bridge shift in the development of functional integration. The Öresund Area development towards a bi-national, integrated, functional urban region is in progress, but the progress is much slower than expected.  相似文献   

Functional series TARMA modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion     

G. N. Fouskitakis  S. D. Fassois 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(2):399-420

The non‐stationary Functional Series time‐dependent autoregressive moving average (TARMA) modelling and simulation of earthquake ground motion is considered. Full Functional Series TARMA models, capable of modelling both resonances and antiresonances, are examined for the first time via a novel mixed parametric/non‐parametric estimation scheme, and critical comparisons with pure TAR and recursive ARMA (RARMA)‐recursive maximum likelihood (RML) adaptive filtering type modelling are made. The study is based upon two California ground motion signals: a 1979 El Centro accelerogram and a 1994 Pacoima Dam accelerogram. A systematic analysis, employing various functional subspaces and model orders, leads to two Haar function based models: a TARMA(2,4)₈ model for the El Centro case and a TARMA(6,2)₁₀ model for the Pacoima Dam case. Both models are formally validated and their simulation (synthesis) capabilities are demonstrated via Monte Carlo experiments focusing on important time domain signal characteristics. The Functional Series TAR/TARMA models are shown to achieve parsimony, as well as superior accuracy and simulation capabilities, over their RARMA counterparts. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

Numerical Reliability for Mixed Methods Applied to Flow Problems in Porous Media     

H. Hoteit  J. Erhel  R. Mosé  B. Philippe  Ph. Ackerer 《Computational Geosciences》2002,6(2):161-194

This paper is devoted to the numerical reliability and time requirements of the Mixed Finite Element (MFE) and Mixed-Hybrid Finite Element (MHFE) methods. The behavior of these methods is investigated under the influence of two factors: the mesh discretization and the medium heterogeneity. We show that, unlike the MFE, the MHFE suffers with the presence of badly shaped discretized elements. Thereat, a numerical reliability analyzing software (Aquarels) is used to detect the instability of a matrix-inversion code generated automatically by a symbolic manipulator. We also show that the spectral condition number of the algebraic systems furnished by both methods in heterogeneous media grows up linearly according to the smoothness of the hydraulic conductivity. Furthermore, it is found that the MHFE could accumulate numerical errors if large jumps in the tensor of conductivity take place. Finally, we compare running-times for both algorithms by giving various numerical experiments.  相似文献   

西藏那曲地区畜牧业生态系统功能评价     

李祥妹 《山地学报》2002,20(6):701-705

畜牧业生态系统功能评价是进行草地系统保护与管理、防治草地退化的前提，是畜牧业系统优化和持续发展的根本。为此，以西藏自治区那曲地区草地为研究对象，通过设立评价指标，建立多因子评价模式，采用三角分析法对区域内畜牧业生态系统的社会、经济、生态功能进行综合评价。为区域畜牧业未来发展提供依据。  相似文献   

1835—2017年广州主城区建筑高度的结构及其演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙武  欧阳睿康  陈翔  孙靓  朱琳琳  崔锋艳  任燕妮 《地理科学》2021,41(3):454-462

根据数据源的特点,采取不同的技术路线,分别解译恢复了1835—2017年6个时期大比例尺广州主城区的用地类型和建筑高度。围绕建筑高度空间分异、高度重心迁移和建筑高度的抬升,分析1835年以来广州主城区建筑高度的演变。研究表明：① 1835—1907年属于王权主导下的围城结构,高度4~5 m,中心与外围差异不大。② 1928年以来建筑高度的演变具有现代城市的特点。尽管主城区的范围、几何中心与各个时代城市CBD中心发生了大的迁移,但1928—2017年高度呈圈层向外递减,且能持续强化。③ 1990年起,用地功能类型对应的建筑高度开始出现差异化,从而丰富了城市建筑组合类型。④ 建筑重心高度沿珠江北岸在向东迁移的过程中,1928—1960年抬升小,平面扩展突出;但随后的1990—2017年2个时代表现出垂直方向的强烈抬升,主城区由低层、多层建筑进入到现代高层建筑的阶段。主城区建筑高度的结构与演变依赖于“依山傍水”平原型城市的地理格局、城市规划以及市场力量3方面的共同作用。  相似文献   

基于多源地理数据融合的黑河中游土地多功能性时空格局与权衡研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程浩然  蒙吉军  朱利凯 《干旱区地理》2021,44(1):208-220

土地多功能利用是提高土地利用效率、缓解人地矛盾、促进区域可持续发展的重要途径。研究构建了“生产-生活-生态”功能的土地多功能性评价指标体系,基于3 km×3 km格网,融合了遥感、统计、POI等多源地理数据,利用投影寻踪模型对黑河中游土地多功能性进行评价,通过变量相关分析和双变量局部空间自相关分析,揭示了土地多功能权衡与协同关系,并采用RGB三通道合成与二阶聚类分析相结合进行土地功能分区。结果表明:(1)黑河中游在不同利用方式下呈现不同功能,在走廊平原区土地功能以生产功能为主导,生活功能和生态功能为辅。生产功能在走廊绿洲农业区优势明显,生活功能高值区集中于城镇等基础设施条件较好的地区,祁连山、龙首山发挥着生态屏障作用。(2)研究时段内,土地多功能性稳中增强。土地多功能性与一级功能的空间格局保持稳定,土地功能间协调性普遍增强,不同功能在空间上日益重叠。(3)按照主导利用方向,土地可划分为以农业生产与城镇空间为主体的重点开发区、优化开发区和适度开发区,以及以生态空间为主的生态屏障区、生态缓冲区和生态修复区。(4)土地多功能利用仍有提升空间,尤其要加强对非主导功能的关注,协调功能间的固有矛盾;统筹推进生态修复,关注自然资本增值,从构建区域绿水青山的格局挖掘土地价值新的增长点。  相似文献   

富马酸根插层镁—铝类水滑石的共沉淀法制备及性质表征          下载免费PDF全文

张禹泽  李丽娟  时东  宋富根 《盐湖研究》2021,29(2):58-65

富马酸根插层类水滑石(LDHs)是一种具有较好聚合物相容性和热稳定性等潜在应用价值的多功能复合材料。本文通过密度泛函理论对富马酸根离子静电势和离子尺寸的分析,预测了富马酸根插入LDHs的离子尺寸约为0.802 nm,并从热力学角度说明了富马酸根离子与乙烯、氢自由基加成反应的可能性;以低成本氯化物为原料,采用一步共沉淀法成功制备了富马酸根离子插层LDHs,并结合XRD讨论了加料方式、镁铝比例、陈化时间、加料速度、镁离子浓度和富马酸根离子浓度对所合成类水滑石结构的影响,揭示了富马酸根插层LDHs的形成过程;透射电镜和选区电子衍射说明合成的类水滑石为片状多晶体,红外光谱进一步证明了富马酸根的成功插层,热重分析表明其在氮气中热稳定性较好,具有成碳性,可作为阻燃填料加以应用。本研究为插层LDHs的设计奠定了一定的理论方法基础,也会对富马酸根离子插层LDHs和我国氯化镁资源的实际开发利用起到一定的推动作用。  相似文献   

GPS网平差中异常观测的平差补偿方法     

ZENG An-min    ZHANG Li-ping 《测绘学院学报》2008,(2)

首先分析了异常观测信息对参数结果的影响;然后以假设检验为手段通过残差向量构造粗差判别统计量,以一定的置信水平判定哪个观测值可能含有异常,有针对性地在相应的观测方程中引入新的平差参数。通过附加参数的平差补偿模型求出异常大小,从而控制异常数据对结果的影响。实测GPS算例表明,通过该方法能够有效地抵制参数先验信息异常的影响,并能解出异常误差的大小。  相似文献