The worlds of tea and coffee: Patterns of consumption     

David Grigg 《GeoJournal》2002,57(4):283-294

Coffee and tea are both drunk in most countries, but typically one predominates. Coffee is the preferred drink in Europe and the Americas, tea elsewhere. Until the early eighteenth century coffee production and consumption was confined to the Islamic world, tea production to East Asia. European traders altered this pattern dramatically. The present pattern of coffee consumption is influenced by income per capita, that of tea is not. Religious influences played some part in the early development of both tea and coffee but have little relevance at the present. National factors have influenced wider patterns. British preference for tea was taken to all their colonies. In recent years fears about health have had some influence on coffee consumption. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Placing geographies of public health   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Tim Brown  & Craig Duncan 《Area》2002,34(4):361-369

Following the move to a 'post–medical' geography, a large amount of research has come to focus on public health issues. This paper explores these current geographies of public health and argues for the development of a more critical perspective. In particular, it draws on commentary that has emerged out of debates that have taken place within a body of literature usually identified as the critical 'new' public health. The paper goes on to argue that such scholarship offers crucial insights for the production of a critical geography of public health.  相似文献   

'Land Moves and Behaves': Indigenous Discourse on Sustainable Land Management in Pichataro, Patzcuaro Basin, Mexico     

Narciso Barrera-Bassols  Alfred Zinck 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2003,85(3-4):229-245

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From observation to experimentation: one prescription for a geography of public policy     

Steven C J Cummins 《Area》2003,35(2):220-222

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Sand harm in Taklimakan Desert highway and sand control     

HAN Zhiwen  WANG Tao  SUN Qingwei  DONG Zhibao  WANG Xunming 《地理学报》2003,13(1):45-53

Reputed as a wonderful achievement of the world's highway construction history, the Taklimakan Desert highway is now facing serious sand drift encroachment problems due to its 447- km-long passage of sand sea consisting of crescent dunes, barchan chains, compound transverse dune ridges and complex megadunes. To solve some technical problems in the protection of the highway from sand drift encroachment, desert experts have been conducting the theoretical and applied studies on sand movement laws; causes, severities and time-space differentiation of sand drift damages; and control ways including mechanical, chemical and biological measures. In this paper the authors give an overall summary on the research contents and recent progress in the control of sand drift damages in China and hold that the theoretical research results and practices in the prevention of sand drift encroachment on the cross-desert highway represent a breakthrough and has an epoch-making significance. Since the construction of protective forest along the cross-desert highway requires large amount of ground water, what will be its environmental consequence and whether it can effectively halt sand drift encroachment on the highway forever are the questions to be studied urgently.  相似文献   

北京市地质灾害状况及制定地质环境管理办法论证   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

杜涛  于秀治  韦京莲 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2003,14(3):39-43

论文从北京市自然地质背景和资源现状出发，根据目前资源开采中存在的地质环境问题、地质灾害程度以及地质环境发展趋势，论述了北京应尽快制定、颁布与实施地质环境管理办法的必要性、迫切性、可行性和相关依据。北京市主要有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面沉降等地质灾害以及矿山环境污染，而针对这些问题开展的监测预报工作还很少。纵观北京市社会、经济及资源的利用与发展，已逐步显现出地质灾害、矿山环境等地质环境问题对社会经济发展带来的诸多困扰。目前地质灾害及地质环境管理的现状都显示出本市地质环境监测与预报工作还很薄弱，相应的法律、法规建设也不健全。因此，制定地质环境管理办法已迫在眉睫，应使地质环境管理有法可依，改善目前地质环境，保证北京市社会经济可持续发展。  相似文献   

陕西省神木县地质灾害发育特征及防治建议   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

伍跃中  陈守建 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2003,14(3):81-85,90

陕西省神木县近年来经济发展迅猛，但随着境内煤炭资源的开发利用和各类基础设施建设的加快发展，崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、矿区塌陷等地质灾害也愈发严重，对人民生命财产造成了巨大危害。笔者等在遥感图像解译和野外详细调查访问的基础上，查明了区内地质灾害类型、数量、规模及其时空展布规律，分析了各类地质灾害的主要形成条件。指出各类灾害中以煤矿开采及煤田自燃引起的矿区地面塌陷分布范围最广、危害最严重，其次是崩塌、滑坡，泥石流灾害仅局部发育。描述了重要灾点特征，提出了相应的防治建议。  相似文献   

闽南沿海地质灾害防治对策   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

苏志辉  陈旭辉 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(1):1-3

根据闽南沿海环境地质条件，提出了五条地质灾害的防治基本要点；又据要点，结合本区主要的环境地质问题的实际问题，提出五点防治对策与建议。  相似文献   

大风垭口公路隧道施工中的地质灾害及对策     

于宁  朱合华  苏生瑞 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(2):21-26

公路隧道的施工过程经常会碰到地质灾害，本文结合云南元磨高速公路在建特长隧道-大风垭口隧道中出现的洞口滑坡、涌水、塌方、突泥等问题，多角度论述了产生的因素以及应对措施，希望能为今后在类似地质条件下，公路隧道的勘查、设计以及施工提供借鉴和帮助。  相似文献   

鞍山市铁矿矿山地质灾害形成条件及对策研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

陈桥  胡克  文屹  王锡魁  隋维国  刘玉英  陈兵  郭春丽 《世界地质》2003,22(2):166-171

矿山地质灾害较其它地质灾害相比有其独特性。在鞍山铁矿区，排土场沉降不仅与采矿引起的地下水位下降有直接的联系，还与松散细粒土层、活动断裂有关；滑坡、泥石流地质灾害与地形地貌、水源条件及构造有一定的关系，更重要的是采矿活动产生的废石废渣为其提供了大量的物源；尾矿库灾害主要表现为：洪水漫顶、尾矿砂液化破坏、尾矿坝渗漏及管涌溃堤、尾矿坝滑塌破坏等。本文简要分析了鞍山市铁矿山主要存在的地质灾害类型(排土场地面沉降、滑坡、泥石流及尾矿库地质灾害)和形成条件并提出了防治地质灾害的对策。  相似文献