区域可持续发展评价——以拉萨地区为例   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

李利锋  郑度 《地理研究》2004,23(4):551-560

本文依据区域可持续发展评价的理论模型和区域发展的目标体系 ,构建了拉萨地区可持续发展评价的指标体系 ,并对拉萨地区 4 0年来的发展历程进行了评价。评价揭示了拉萨地区社会经济发展水平不断提高、但自然环境对社会经济发展的支持能力却在持续下降的动态历程 ,并鉴明了人均耕地面积持续下降、草场退化、土地沙化、以生物质能源为主的能源消耗结构、居民收入差距增大、人口出生率高、人口文化素质较低等因素是拉萨地区发展的不可持续性因子。  相似文献   

Regional comprehensive assessment on environment-health of China     

WANGWuyi LIRibang LIAOYongfeng LIHairong YANGLinsheng TANJianan 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(2):187-192

The aim of the study was to assess the environment-health development in different regions of China. 175 indicators, such as average life expectancy at birth, emission intensity of waste gas, GDP etc. were chosen to describe various aspects of the environment, health and development of China. Of all the indicators, life expectancy can sufficiently reflect health situation of population. Consequently,life expectancy was identified as key indicator, and 42 out of 175 indicators were selected for establishing the environment-health indicator framework with three grades of integrative indices to assess the development of environment-health of China. Based on the hierarchical relation between various grades of indices, the comprehensive environment-health index was calculated and contributed to classify the environment-health situation of 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China which were divided into five grades by four predefined limits. Comprehensive assessment indicates that the environment-health situation of the eastern and coastal areas is superior to that of inland which is the western regions with underdeveloped economy and rigorous natural condition.Especially, the Qinghai-Tibet and Yunnan-Guizhou plateaus in southwestern China are most vulnerable in the environment and population health. These fit in with the pattern of national socio-economic development, which fully shows that socio-economic context plays a dominant role in the improvement of envirnment-health in China  相似文献   

Lacustrine stromatolites: Useful structures for environmental interpretation – an example from the Miocene Ebro Basin     

Leticia Martin‐Bello  Concha Arenas  Brian Jones 《Sedimentology》2019,66(6):2098-2133

The significance of stromatolites as depositional environmental indicators and the underlying causes of lamination in the lacustrine realm are poorly understood. Stromatolites in a ca 600 m thick Miocene succession in the Ebro Basin are good candidates to shed light on these issues because they are intimately related to other lacustrine carbonate and sulphate facies, grew under variable environmental conditions and show distinct lamination patterns. These stromatolites are associated with wave‐related, clastic‐carbonate laminated limestones. Both facies consist of calcite and variable amounts of dolomite. Thin planar stromatolites (up to 10 cm thick and less than 6 m long) occurred in very shallow water. These stromatolites represented first biological colonization after: (i) subaerial exposure in the palustrine environment (i.e. at the beginning of deepening cycles); or (ii) erosion due to surge action, then coating very irregular surfaces on laminated limestones (i.e. through shallowing or deepening cycles). Sometimes they are associated with evaporative pumping. Stratiform stromatolites (10 to 30 cm high and tens of metres long) and domed stromatolites (10 to 30 cm high and long) developed in deeper settings, between the surge periods that produced hummocky cross‐stratification and horizontal lamination offshore. Changes in stromatolite lamina shape, and thus in the growth forms through time, can be attributed to changes in water depth, whereas variations in lamina continuity are linked to water energy and sediment supply. Growth of the stromatolites resulted from in situ calcite precipitation and capture of minor amounts of fine‐grained carbonate particles. Based on texture, four types of simple laminae are distinguished. The simple micrite and microsparite laminae can be grouped into light and dark composite laminae, which represent, respectively, high and low Precipitation/Evaporation ratio periods. Different lamination patterns provide new ideas for the interpretation of microbial laminations as a function of variations in climate‐dependent parameters (primarily the Precipitation/Evaporation ratio) over variable timescales.  相似文献   

甘肃北山和金川与铜镍矿床有关的超基性岩与全球板内环境超基性岩的对比:大数据研究的初步结果     

王怀涛  杨婧  杜君  王金荣  燕洲泉  王玉玺  任文秀 《地学前缘》2019,26(4):94-108

在收集甘肃北山和金川地区与铜镍硫化物矿床有关的超基性岩数据的基础上,与GEOROC和PetDB两个数据库中的全球板内超基性岩数据进行对比,发现甘肃北山、金川地区与铜镍有关的超基性岩与全球板内超基性岩各元素平均值较接近(除稍富集LILE之外),而北山地区以高的Th/Nb和富集HREE与金川区分,同时Cu、Cs、Nb、Ta、Rb/Nb、CaO/REE等元素或元素比可作为甘肃北山和金川地区超基性岩是否含矿的重要地球化学标志。皮尔逊相关系数研究表明,虽然甘肃北山和金川地区与铜镍硫化物矿床有关的超基性岩的产出位置、形成时代及源区特征均不同,但是具有很高的地球化学相关性,而WPU(板内超基性岩)与WPUT(大陆溢流、大陆裂谷和板内超基性岩合并)及WPU中坐标值相近的数据相关性较差。WPUT内部本身相似性极差,但其平均值却与甘肃北山和金川地区的超基性岩相似性极高。同时,笔者选取了白石泉、石西、葫芦、黄山东等26个与铜镍硫化物矿床有关的超基性岩数据,与甘肃北山、金川铜镍硫化物矿床有关的超基性岩数据进行比对,整体显示出极高的相关性。因此我们推断与铜镍硫化物矿床有关的超基性岩在形成过程中虽受到其他地质作用的改造,但总体上具相似的地球化学特征。  相似文献   

探槽古地震事件识别标志及其定量化——以活动走滑断裂为例     

徐心悦  袁兆德  邵延秀  刘静  姚文倩  李文巧  韩龙飞 《地质通报》2019,38(6):977-992

探槽古地震事件的识别取决于对沉积地层中封存的构造变形和沉积响应的解译。基于国内外88篇走滑断裂古地震研究论文,系统总结分析了古地震事件的多种识别标志,主要包括地层的垂向错断、断层向上逐渐尖灭、生长地层、裂缝充填、角度不整合、砂土液化、崩积楔、褶皱等。这些识别标志的质量和数量是判别古地震事件的关键。综合分析认为,地震成因识别标志与非构造成因及蠕滑产生的变形不同,而不同识别标志对地震层位的限定有证据强弱之分。在充分考虑地域和人为因素的影响下,根据识别标志的强弱,对探槽揭露事件的地层证据进行半定量化分析,这在实际工作中不仅可以最大限度地降低误判地震事件的可能性,排除非地震成因变形的影响,也能更客观地反映地震事件的可信度。  相似文献   

福建省南靖县南坑钼矿床地质特征及找矿标志          下载免费PDF全文

黄建平 《华东地质》2019,(1):35-42

通过总结福建省南靖县南坑钼矿床的地质特征,认为该钼矿床为斑岩型钼矿床,钼矿体主要赋存于燕山早期花岗岩与文宾山组接触带,主要产在燕山早期花岗岩体内,受缓倾斜的石英脉和网脉状石英细脉控制,矿石类型为石英粗脉型和石英细脉型。该钼矿床具有弱磁异常,原生晕、次生晕异常发育,钼次生晕异常在深部见矿效果较好;与钼矿体关系密切的蚀变主要有云英岩化和硅化,找矿标志主要为燕山早期花岗岩、白楼—下楼断裂带、晚三叠世文宾山组、云英岩化、硅化及物化探异常,以上认识对区域寻找类似钼矿床具有参考价值。  相似文献   

基于环境相关法的土壤属性空间分布特征研究——以黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域为例   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2  

连纲  郭旭东  傅伯杰  虎陈霞 《地理科学》2008,28(4):554-558

在横山县朱家沟小流域采集111个样点,分析土壤属性与地形因子相互关系,进行空间预测分析。结果表明:土壤密度与复合地形指数CTI显著正相关,土壤有机质与复合地形指数CTI、汇流动力指数SPI、沉积物运移指数STI显著负相关,全磷只与坡度β显著负相关。多元线性逐步回归模型对于土壤密度和有机质拟合较好,而对于全磷,预测结果较差;回归-克里格预测有效地减小了残差,消除了平滑效应,预测极差更宽,对于局部的变异及地形、土地利用的关系体现更为细化,提高了预测精度。  相似文献   

On balanced and unbalanced accommodation/peat accumulation ratios in the Cretaceous coals from Gates Formation, Western Canada, and their sequence-stratigraphic significance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C. Diessel  R. Boyd  J. Wadsworth  D. Leckie  G. Chalmers 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2000,43(1-4)

Coal composition was investigated by means of photometric and maceral analyses on closely spaced lithotype-based strip samples over the full thickness of several paralic coal seams from the Cretaceous Gates Formation of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. The aim of this investigation was to test various methods of identifying accommodation trends in coal and use them to refine sequence-stratigraphic interpretation of continental sediments. Conventional sequence stratigraphy derives its subdivisions and significant surfaces from the records left by relative sea-level oscillations. These records either do not project into the continental realm, or are difficult to recognise in clastic non-marine sediments. Paralic coal seams have been selected to study this problem, because they are not entirely removed from marine influence and, compared with most inorganic deposits, coal has stored a greater wealth of information that can be analysed at a higher level of resolution. The study has led to the identification of five new surfaces with chronostratigraphic potential in the sequence-stratigraphic analysis of non-marine sediments. Two of these surfaces, called paludification surface (PaS) and terrestrialisation surface (TeS), occur at the bases of the investigated coal seams, while two other surfaces, referred to as non-marine flooding surface (NFS) and give-up transgressive surface (GUTS), form the tops of the coal. The fifth and probably most important new surface, called the accommodation-reversal surface (ARS), is independent of any particular facies and may either coincide with some of the other surfaces or occur separately. The proportion of detrital minerals has been used as the chief discriminator between different mire types and accommodation trends. Other useful indicators of mire type and peat dispersal have been the proportions of sporinite and inertodetrinite, as well as some derived maceral and/or mineral ratios, e.g., the groundwater influence index and the tissue preservation index. Isometamorphic variations of telovitrinite reflectance and fluorescence, as well as their coefficients of variation were also found to contribute to the identification of cyclic shifts between balanced and unbalanced accommodation/peat accumulation ratios. Some of these cycles, which are backed up by clastic stratigraphy, appear to correspond to the development of shallowing-upward and deepening-upward parasequences. Superimposed high-frequency, low-amplitude perturbations in the coal cycles relate to smaller-scale accommodation cycles of sub-parasequence level, not always recognised in non-marine strata. These sub-parasequence coal cycles do not always continue the shallowing-upward trend typical of conventional parasequences. Several coals were found to contain stacks of small-scale cycles with upward increasing accommodation signatures either in their lower or upper halves, or over the whole seam section.  相似文献   

《山东国土资源》期刊基本计量指标的评价及对策          下载免费PDF全文

曹丽丽 《山东国土资源》2013,29(2)

《山东国土资源》是国内外公开发行的,以报道最新地质调查及矿产勘查的地学类期刊.该文根据万方数据提供的历年期刊引证数据,科技期刊的评价方法及基本计量指标,对《山东国土资源》的期刊现状进行了分析与评价,认为期刊应建立健全符合实际的审稿流程,建立健全专家库制度,捕捉地学热点,并与科研人员保持深入有效的联系.  相似文献   

新疆西昆仑塔什库尔干赞坎铁矿矿床地质特征初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

陈勇  吴亮  张春江  崔学敏  李宗成  牛金 《山东国土资源》2013,29(2)

赞坎磁铁矿位于新疆喀什塔什库尔干自治县内,处在塔什库尔干陆块西部,属于沉积变质型热液矿床.区内含矿地层主要为古元古代布伦阔勒群,构造运动和岩浆活动十分发育.矿区内有7个规模较大的磁铁矿体,矿体一般长30~560m,宽6~84m,矿床矿石矿物单一,原生磁铁矿占全铁的5%~94%,矿区有明显的磁异常.可通过地层、磁化率异常,地表黄钾铁矾化、褐铁矿化的方法来寻找新的磁铁矿.  相似文献