定点地形变仪的标定问题     

朱虎 《地震地磁观测与研究》1993,14(1):33-40

地形变仪器常用的标定方法可分两类:一类是间接标定法,它通过测定仪器的某几个参数而计算出仪器的格值,由于换算环节多,容易引进系统误差;另一类是直接标定法,它通过给出的一个已知物理量与仪器的输出信号对比来标定仪器的格值,此种方法精确度高,重复性强。大多数地形变仪可以用直接法标定,本文还介绍了用直接法对水平摆倾斜仪和浮子水管倾斜仪的标定。  相似文献   

Examining the aerosol indirect effect over China using an SO₂ emission inventory     

Kazuaki Kawamoto  Tadahiro Hayasaka  Teruyuki Nakajima  David Streets  Jung-Hun Woo 《Atmospheric Research》2004,72(1-4):353

The relationship between SO₂ emissions and the effective particle radius of low-level water clouds (r_e) over China was investigated to determine anthropogenic effects on clouds. Sulfur dioxide emission values were obtained from a statistical inventory, and r_e origins were retrieved by satellite remote sensing on a 0.5° grid. Comparisons between annual mean SO₂ emissions and r_e showed generally decreasing r_e values, explained by the Twomey effect. The existence of the Twomey effect is supported by comparisons with simulated aerosol optical depths. Results further suggest that clouds over land show sensitivity to the Twomey effect as well as clouds over the ocean.  相似文献   

On the Measurement of the Tensile Strength of Soft Rocks   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：8  

A. Coviello  R. Lagioia  R. Nova 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2005,38(4):251-273

Summary. This paper reports on a comparative study of various types of experimental tests for measuring the tensile strength of rocks and rock-like materials. A critical assessment is presented of some widely used laboratory techniques on the basis of experimental data from the literature and from the laboratory investigation performed in this study.Tests were carried out using a triaxial apparatus recently set up at Milan University of Technology. This was designed to reduce random misalignments between specimen and loading frame, which are typical of conventional triaxial cells with external tie bars. The apparatus was then modified to perform various types of tests for determining the tensile strength of materials. An artificial building stone and a natural calcarenite of the Gravina di Puglia geological formation, sampled at Montescaglioso (Matera-Italy) were tested in this research. The experimental investigation included various types of tests, namely the uni-axial, the Brazilian, the ring, the three and four points bending and the Luong test. Specimens of both materials were also compressed to failure in unconfined conditions and loaded cyclically in unconfined tension and compression, Young’s moduli being measured by means of local instrumentation.  相似文献   

A new physical foundation for anomalous gravity     

P. Vajda  P. Vaníček  B. Meurers 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2006,50(2):189-216

  相似文献   

形变分析中权矩阵的确定     

柴洪洲  崔岳 《测绘科学技术学报》2006,23(4):272-274

介绍了形变分析中经常采用的两种方法:直接法和间接法.针对形变分析中关键的形变参数及其精度估计问题,提出了改进间接分析方法,即采用验后方差估值和协方差矩阵重新定义间接法中伪观测值的权矩阵.通过分析和算例表明,改进以后的间接法计算得到的监测网的形变量更能准确的反映实际形变情况.  相似文献   

带约束条件的DLT解法     

王秀鸽  李五星  徐青 《测绘学院学报》1998,(2)

从直接线性变换 (DL T)的基本原理出发 ,分析了 DL T一般解法中存在的缺陷 ,提出了附加两个条件的 DLT解算方法的数学模型 ,并通过实验验证了其正确性和可行性  相似文献   

借助最小二乘配置整体解算地壳视应变场   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

张希  江在森  张四新 《大地测量与地球动力学》1998,(2)

研究利用多手段（ＧＰＳ、跨断层等）形变资料,结合定点应变数据解算地壳视应变场的方法,包括利用间接平差法求单元内部的均匀视应变及借助最小二乘配置求水平视应变连续分布。对华北地区ＧＰＳ监测网１９９２年、１９９５年和１９９６年３期成果进行计算分析,得到其视应变场动态图像。  相似文献   

地图信息含量的量测研究     

何宗宜 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1987,(1)

本文介绍了地图信息量的量测方法。地图的信息可分为直接信息和间接信息。地图的直接信息来自现有的特征和图形,其中包括位置、注记、语义和色彩四种信息。间接信息不是来自符号本身,要通过分析间接获得。作者利用信息论的原理对地图上的这几种信息的量测法进行了探讨。  相似文献   

关于重力大地水准面精度的探讨   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

田晋  暴景阳  刘雁春 《测绘信息与工程》2005,30(3):42-44

从移去恢复法原理以及局部大地水准面精化残差拟合两个角度,分别得到了重力大地水准面精度估计的直接法与间接法,并通过实例分析了两种方法的误差评定结果。  相似文献   

城市规划区中的转角直线定线方法     

奚毓敏 《现代测绘》2003,26(2):15-17,27

本文介绍如何解决城市规划区域内转角无法定立或转角前后互不通视地段的定线工作，该方法是在间接定线方法基础上采用解析法计算出直线桩及转角桩的放样元素来解决定线工作。提高了平断面图的施测精度，满足了规划部门的要求，取到了较好的经济效益，大大地加快了线路的定线工作。  相似文献