流速对封闭循环水养殖大菱鲆生长、摄食及水质氮素的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

孙国祥  李勇  田喆  刘鹰  高婷婷  柳阳  刘佳亮 《海洋科学》2011,35(5):53-60

在封闭循环水高密度养殖条件下(平均密度14.1 kg/m²±0.51 kg/m²), 设置4 个流速梯度(200, 400,600, 800 L/h,分别以A～D 组表示), 挑选相近体质量(200.3g±7.6 g)的大菱鲆进行42 d 养殖试验, 每个梯度设置3 个重复, 每个重复55 尾鱼, 研究流速对封闭循环水养殖大菱鲆生长、摄食以及水质氮素的影响。试验结果表明: (1) 大菱鲆(Scophthatmus maximus L)特定生长率、增质量率、摄食量随流速增大先快速上升后缓升趋稳, 饲料系数则相反。B、C、D 3 组特定生长率、摄食量分别显著高于A 组30.77%～52.31%、17.30%～22.05%; 饲料系数则显著低于A 组13.83%～22.34%; (2) 养殖水体中总氨氮、非离子氨及亚硝酸氮浓度随流速的增大先快速下降后缓降趋稳。B、C、D 3 组水质总氨氮氨浓度均显著低于A 组53.70%～79.07%; (3) 根据流速对特定生长率、水体总氨氮二者的影响, 得出养殖的生态适宜流速为625 L/h。再结合流速对水循环动力的影响, 得出养殖的生态经济适宜流速为480 L/h。  相似文献   

海洋资料浮标姿态信息测量技术研究现状及发展趋势     

王军成  厉运周  杨英东  刘世萱  孔庆霖  郑良 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(5):1239-1247

海洋资料浮标在海洋环境监测、预警预报、防灾减灾、资源开发、海上交通、渔业生产、军事活动保障等方面具有重要作用,是海洋立体监测体系的重要组成部分。世界主要沿海国家和国际组织都极为重视海洋浮标技术的发展。海上观测过程中,浮标随风、浪、流等作用产生复杂运动。浮标复杂运动的精确观测离不开浮标姿态信息测量技术的发展。浮标姿态信息,不仅是浮标及其搭载设备工作安全性可靠性评价的重要参考,也是浮标测量数据实时精准校正的重要保障。因此,浮标姿态测量技术具有重要的研究价值和应用价值。文章从工程实际的技术需求出发,对浮标姿态信息测量技术的研究现状、技术难点以及发展趋势等方面进行了梳理和总结,以期对研发新一代智能浮标观测技术提供有益启发和借鉴。  相似文献   

东海对台风云娜的海洋响应     

许丹  李志远  万占鸿  任宗福  邹仲水  吕修阳  罗世著 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(7):69-78

Many typhoons pass through the East China Sea(ECS) and the oceanic responses to typhoons on the ECS shelf are very energetic. However, these responses are not well studied because of the complicated background oceanic environment. The sea surface temperature(SST) response to a severe Typhoon Rananim in August 2004 on the ECS shelf was observed by the merged cloud-penetrating microwave and infrared SST data. The observed SST response shows an extensive SST cooling with a maximum cooling of 3°C on the ECS shelf and the SST cooling lags the typhoon by about one day. A numerical model is designed to simulate the oceanic responses to Rananim.The numerical model reasonably simulates the observed SST response and thereby provides a more comprehensive investigation on the oceanic temperature and current responses. The simulation shows that Rananim deepens the ocean mix layer by more than 10 m on the ECS shelf and causes a cooling in the whole mixed layer. Both upwelling and entrainment are responsible for the cooling. Rananim significantly deforms the background Taiwan Warm Current on the ECS shelf and generates strong Ekman current at the surface. After the typhoon disappears, the surface current rotates clockwise and vertically, the current is featured by near inertial oscillation with upward propagating phase.  相似文献   

海洋导航定位技术及其应用与展望   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

阳凡林  康志忠  独知行  赵建虎  吴自银 《海洋测绘》2006,26(1):71-74

根据水上和水下环境的区别,系统论述了各种海洋定位导航技术及组合定位导航技术,比较了它们的优缺点和适用范围,介绍了它们的应用现状及展望。  相似文献   

与海南岛秋季暴雨有关的一类热带中尺度涡旋的动力学分析     

吴俞  李国平  冯文 《热带气象学报》2022,38(2):227-238

对惯性重力内波方程组分别通过线性和非线性求解探讨造成2010年10月海南岛一次特大暴雨中一类热带中尺度涡旋生成发展的动力、热力机制,研究发现：（1）在副热带高压和大陆冷高压南侧反气旋性纬向水平风切变大值区、静力不稳定大气层结、积云对流潜热释放、低空急流、适当强度的冷空气有利于热带中尺度涡旋的形成和发展;（2）非线性惯性重力内波的孤立波解与这类热带中尺度涡旋有很好的联系,在静力不稳定的大气层结下,热带中尺度涡旋的形态主要由对流凝结潜热加热所决定,即潜热加热下的孤立波解要求热带中尺度涡旋在垂直方向是一个浅薄的涡旋系统;另外强盛的对流凝结潜热对热带中尺度涡旋垂直运动振幅的增强起主要作用,更有利于涡旋的发展和维持。基于天气事实分析的理论研究为深化影响海南的热带中尺度涡旋乃至南海中尺度对流系统的机理认识进行了探索。  相似文献   

正常重力平均值处地心纬度与偏心率的关系式     

席梦寒  欧阳永忠 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(2):192-195

在计算机代数系统基础上,将正常重力公式进行级数展开,推导出正常重力平均值处地心纬度关于椭球第一偏心率的函数式,并考虑将公式推广至太阳系中的各行星,假定椭球第一偏心率为变量时推导出正常重力平均值处地心纬度关于椭球第一偏心率的函数式.  相似文献   

A Programme to derive from terrestrial observations the rotation of the HIPPARCOS system with reference to the inertial system     

W. R. Dick  G. Ruben  E. Schilbach  R.-D. Scholz 《Astronomische Nachrichten》1987,308(3):211-216

The connection of the HIPPARCOS system with a quasi-inertial system can be reached by transforming the HIPPARCOS proper motions to absolute proper motions. The Tautenburg Schmidt telescope provides such proper motions with respect to extragalactic objects with an accuracy of 0″.6/100a. The telescope as well as the measuring and reduction technique are described. The accuracy of the link of the HIPPARCOS system to extragalactic objects depends on the accuracy of the transformation matrix which represents the time-depending part of the rotation matrix to be applied to the whole HIPPARCOS catalogue. To obtain a reliable estimate for the error of transformation we used the error propagation law. An accuracy of 0″.12/100a for the transformation can be achieved with six Tautenburg fields.  相似文献   

The evolution of an internal bore at the Malin shelf break   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. Small  T. C. Sawyer  J. C. Scott 《Annales Geophysicae》1999,17(4):547-565

Observations of internal waves were made at the Malin shelf edge during SESAME (Shelf Edge Studies Acoustic Measurement Experiment), a part of the NERC LOIS-SES experiment, in August-September 1996. These measurements provide a high resolution dataset demonstrating internal wave generation and propagation. This note presents observations of the evolution of an internal bore. The process is shown clearly in a sequence of thermistor chain tows across the shelf break covering a complete tidal cycle, as the double-sided bore transforms into a group of undulations and eventually into more distinct solitary waveforms. Current structures associated with the bore and waves were also observed by ship-mounted ADCP. Analysis of the waveforms in terms of the linear modes and empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) indicate the dominance of the first mode, which is typical of a shallow water seasonal thermocline environment. Determination of the phase speed of the waves from the consecutive ship surveys enabled the Doppler shift in the towed data to be removed, allowing analysis of the real length scales of the waves. The bore evolution has been modelled using a first order non-linear KdV model for the first mode, initialised with the waveform in the first survey. Comparison of the model and the observations show close agreement in the amplitudes, length scales, phase speeds and separations of the leading internal waves as they evolve. Finally, analysis of the observed internal wave shapes indicates that, within the uncertainties of measurement, the wave-lengths lie between those predicted by first and second order soliton theory.  相似文献   

Black holes and rotation     

C. V. Vishveshwara 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1999,20(3-4):103-120

In this article, we first consider briefly the basic properties of the non-rotating Schwarzschild black hole and the rotating Kerr black hole Rotational effects are then described in static and stationary spacetimes with arial symmetry by studying inertial forces, gyroscopic precession and gravi-electromagnetism. The results are applied to the black hole spacetimes.  相似文献   

大洋细结构的一种可能的机制Ⅲ.对混合过程动能耗散的估计     

范植松  方欣华 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(1)

继第部分之后研究了惯性内波和近惯性内波由f～的作用所致的剪切不稳定引起的破碎机制。物理上,该机制很象存在由风应力所致薄表面涡旋漂流层时表面波的破碎与饱和过程。惯性内波和近惯性内波的破碎产物与小尺度湍流一起形成了混合块,它与Gregg等人(1986)的持久混合观测结果一致。依据Thorpe(1973)实验的结果作者提出了一个估计湍流动能耗散率和消衰时间的方法。结果表明,在剪切不稳定中近惯性内波在湍动耗散中起了关键作用,而惯性内波引起非常弱的湍动耗散。使用内波能量谱的标准总能量密度估计出的近惯性内波的耗散率和消衰时间与PATCHEX测量结果非常一致。文中还讨论了几个与此破碎机制有关的问题。  相似文献