Comparison of simultaneous and combinatorial auction designs in fisheries quota market     

M.S. Iftekhar  J.G. Tisdell 《Marine Policy》2012,36(2):446-453

Individual transferable quota (ITQ) markets are being used successfully to distribute quotas in single region and single species fisheries. In many parts of the world, the development of well crafted markets for multispecies or multiregional fisheries is still evolving. As a result, there exists an opportunity to inform policy by providing research insights into the relative merits of alternative market designs for such fisheries.This study explored the relative merits of a simultaneous ascending auction design and an iterative combinatorial auction design for a hypothetical multiple region quota market. In a simultaneous auction, separate auctions are run in parallel for individual species or regions. During intermediate rounds, fishers can adjust their bids in auction depending on their position in the other auction. In a combinatorial auction, a fisher can purchase a combination of quotas (or a package quota) for different fish species or regions in the same auction. Being able to acquire bundles of species or regions allows fishers to take advantage of complementarities. To date, the potentials of such auctions have not been thoroughly tested in fisheries quota markets. This study found that while a simultaneous auction design was more efficient than combinatorial auction design overall, combinatorial market design took fewer rounds to make final allocations and performed better in high synergy environments.  相似文献   

化感作用对中肋骨条藻与东海原甲藻竞争演替的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王江涛  李慧  曹婧  张议文 《海洋学报》2012,34(2):169-178

为了检验化感作用对赤潮藻类生长和竞争的影响,对中肋骨条藻滤液进行了培养实验,结果显示中肋骨条藻滤液对其自身的生长呈现出化感抑制现象,而且抑制作用在磷限制条件下尤为显著。自化感作用的程度与藻的生长阶段有关,指数期滤液对中肋骨条藻的抑制作用比衰亡期滤液略强。不同滤液添加比例实验进一步验证了中肋骨条藻自化感作用的存在。降解实验表明在某些机制的作用下,化感物质会随时间而发生降解。在所有的滤液培养实验中,中肋骨条藻对东海原甲藻的生长没有明显影响,这可能是由于东海原甲藻对滤液中的化学物质有较强的耐受能力。中肋骨条藻滤液的共培养实验结果显示,中肋骨条藻与东海原甲藻表现出演替现象,东海原甲藻最终获得竞争优势。实验结果表明化感作用可能会影响中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻的竞争演替。  相似文献   

苏北滨海湿地互花米草两种繁殖体与本地种竞争能力分析     

陈正勇  王国祥  刘金娥  徐伟伟  王刚 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(3):380-389

在碱蓬滩选取互花米草斑块,由外向内分为外围(A)、外侧(B)、内侧(C)、中心(D)四个取样点,研究互花米草实生苗、分蘖苗与本地植物碱蓬、芦苇的相对竞争力,探讨互花米草在碱蓬滩地入侵扩张的趋势。结果表明:1)在斑块B点处,互花米草实生苗与碱蓬相对竞争力高于互花米草分蘖苗与碱蓬相对竞争力;在斑块C点处,互花米草实生苗与碱蓬相对竞争力低于互花米草分蘖苗与碱蓬相对竞争力;多样性指数分析表现为:B点>C点>A点>D点;在互花米草斑块B点处重要值大小表现为:互花米草实生苗>碱蓬>芦苇实生苗>互花米草分蘖苗,在互花米草斑块C点处重要值大小表现为:互花米草分蘖苗>芦苇实生苗>互花米草实生苗>碱蓬。因此,碱蓬滩互花米草斑块主要是通过实生苗入侵新生境,向外扩张,通过互花米草分蘖苗维持种群的稳定。2)在斑块B点,芦苇实生苗与互花米草实生苗的相对竞争力相当,大于互花米草分蘖苗的相对竞争力,但在斑块C点处,互花米草分蘖苗高于芦苇实生苗。碱蓬与本地种芦苇也产生了竞争关系,并很有可能被芦苇和互花米草共同取代。3)互花米草实生苗与碱蓬的相对竞争力与滩涂微生境土壤含水量、土壤全盐量负相关(P<0.01),与土壤pH正相关(P<0.01);互花米草分蘖苗与碱蓬的相对竞争力与土壤含水量、土壤全盐量正相关(P<0.05),与土壤pH负相关(P<0.01)。碱蓬滩斑块处的含水量、盐度适合互花米草的定居、扩张。  相似文献   

Is the native deer Mazama gouazoubira threatened by competition for food with the exotic hare Lepus europaeus in the degraded Chaco in Córdoba, Argentina?     

M.B. Kufner  L. Sepúlveda  G. Gavier  L. Madoery  L. Giraudo   《Journal of Arid Environments》2008,72(12):2159-2167

Using microhistological analysis of faeces, we studied the diets of the wild Chacoan Brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) and the exotic European hare (Lepus europaeus) by comparing plant species frequency in faeces with plant species availability. Research was conducted in the dry southern portion of South American Chaco, in forests subjected to livestock ranching in the north of Córdoba province, Argentina. The diet of the Brown brocket deer was more closely related to forage availability (C=0.82195) than the diet of the European hare (C=0.38565). Dicots comprised 90% of the Brown brocket deer diet and were preferred throughout the year, while gramineous species were consumed in low amount. In the diet of the European hare, gramineous species were frequent (65 to 87%) and preferred in every season but in winter, when dicots were consumed in higher proportions (92%). Differences in feeding habits and in habitat use would allow both herbivores to coexist; however, probable competition for food with the European hare during the dry period, in addition to habitat loss, threatens survival of the Brown brocket deer.  相似文献   

Diet and food resource partitioning in koaro,Galaxias brevipinnis (Günther), and juvenile rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Richardson), in two Taupo streams,New Zealand     

Ian A. Kusabs  Stephen Swales 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):317-325

This study examined the diet of sympatric populations of migratory juvenile rainbow trout and landlocked koaro in the Waipehi and Omori Streams, Lake Taupo, New Zealand. In both species, diet was dominated, both numerically and by weight, by aquatic prey: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and Diptera larvae were the most numerous prey items. Adult koaro and juvenile rainbow trout both fed on small koaro. Terrestrial prey items were present in low numbers in the diets of both koaro and juvenile rainbow trout, but were more important in terms of weight. Resource partitioning was weak although koaro consumed more small benthic invertebrates such as chironomid larvae, whereas the diet of rainbow trout contained more Ephemeroptera larvae and terrestrial insects. In the Waipehi Stream, koaro consumed both rainbow trout ova and koaro ova; in Omori Stream, trout ova were important in the diet of juvenile rainbow trout. Since the diets of koaro and juvenile rainbow trout in some Taupo tributaries are similar, populations may co‐exist by temporal and/or spatial partitioning of food resources, whereas trout predation on small koaro may be a limiting factor for koaro populations.  相似文献   

里海地区能源安全及西方对该地区的地缘政治战略   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高淑琴  唐洪钊 《世界地理研究》2009,18(4):66-73,29

里海地处欧亚大陆的接合处,地理位置极其重要。近年来,随着一批新的里海大型油汽田的探明,里海的石油地位也迅速上升,再次成为世界关注的焦点。苏联解体后,里海地区一方面因其丰富的油气资源储备备受国际社会关注;另一方面,里海面临着激烈的国际竞争局面和不稳定的区域发展前景。本文论述了里海地区油气资源的储备和生产、出口现状以及国际竞争的局面,尤其是西方参与里海地区油气资源竞争的格局,这不仅引起该地区非国家主体的地缘政治的改变,从而也深刻影响着西方国家主体对该地区的战略和政策。  相似文献   

4种典型荒漠植物相互关系     

袁建立  郑凯  王亮 《中国沙漠》2014,34(3):740-746

我们调查了安西荒漠保护区内相邻的4种典型植物珍珠猪毛菜（Salsola passerina ）、合头草（Sympegma regelii ）、红砂（Reaumuria soongorica ）、泡泡刺（Nitraria sphaerocarpa ）个体大小与相对距离,通过对10种组合的个体大小与距离的回归分析,研究其彼此间的相互关系。结果显示：4种植物大小与距离之间是正相互关系,即竞争关系;种内竞争的重要性高于种间竞争的重要性,且竞争物种之间存在不对称性。此结果表明,物种间的这种竞争关系在一定程度上影响了荒漠地区植物群落的构建。  相似文献   

河南经济竞争力的比较研究     

马凌 《地域研究与开发》2005,24(3):20-23

文章在全国比较优势格局中,对河南省的经济发展进行横向和纵向的比较研究:河南省目前虽然在经济总量上具有一定的优势,但经济竞争力在全国仍处于相对落后的地位,特别是人均水平始终低于全国的人均水平。根据河南省经济竞争力的变动轨迹,提出了河南省经济竞争力比较优势偏离、非国有经济发展不足、人口众多与人力资源相对不足的矛盾等主要影响因素。  相似文献   

中原城市群竞合关系及一体化战略研究   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  

冯德显  乔旭宁  贾晶 《地域研究与开发》2005,24(6):11-17

文章探讨了中原城市群发展的关键问题及一体化中的竞合关系,以此为出发点,着重研究了郑洛工业走廊、郑汴一体化和郑州跨黄河发展等问题,提出了实现中原城市群一体化的战略措施和对策。  相似文献   

地区旅游业应对外部竞争环境的策略组合     

唐继刚  杨达源  董杰  舒肖明  周彬 《地理与地理信息科学》2005,21(2):102-104,F003

该文总结了旅游地空间竞争的层次、形式与影响因素。以其为理论基础,提出地区旅游业可从3方面积极应对外部竞争环境,即合理确定旅游资源开发价值与开发方向、与相邻地区旅游协作和提高地区旅游竞争力,并针对每方面提出了具体的策略和建议。以与天柱山、天堂寨相邻的岳西县为例,分析该县内外风景区之间现实和潜在的空间竞争关系,阐述岳西县旅游业需要采取的竞争策略组合。  相似文献