地开石-高岭石混层矿物的电子顺磁共振(EPR)研究     

蔡秀成  梁绍暹  陈世悦  富毓德  唐荣炳 《矿物学报》1992,12(2):152-158

本文首次利用EPR研究了我国北方石炭-二叠纪煤系地层粘土岩中的粗晶(1～2mm)。与粉末状地开石、高岭石、地开石-高岭石混合样的Fe~(3+)EPR谱对比证明,这些粗晶是一种地开石-高岭石(D-K)的非规则混层矿物,其单晶的EPR表明,Fe~(3+)离子有两种位置:低对称位置,引起弱各向异性的Ⅰ线,λ～0.30;高对称位置,给出强各向异性的E线,λ～0.24。这对历来认为高岭石的Fe~(3+)谱中Ⅰ线为各向同性的看法是一个有益的修正。Ⅰ呈双线(Ⅰ_1及Ⅰ_2)是鉴定这种粗晶属于D-K混层矿物的一个特征标志。  相似文献   

高岭石的热稳定性和热处理产物的DTA IR和EPR研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

张实  张惠芬 《矿物岩石》1992,12(2):28-33

本文利用DTA、IR和EPR等方法研究了高岭石的热稳定性及100—900℃热处理产物的系统特征。高岭石的热稳定性会因为堆垛层错缺陷浓度的增大而降低。根据IR和EPR实验,所有高岭石热处理过程中的变化包括:脱羟前、脱羟和脱羟后三个阶段。小于400℃时,产物成分和结构同原高岭石相同,≥400℃开始产物的堆垛层错浓度增大并有利于继续升温后的脱羟过程。变高岭石可能介于晶质和非晶质之间。此外,高岭石Ⅰ位Fe~(3+)和变高岭石结构中的Fe~(3+)可能有某些相似的特征。  相似文献   

准格尔煤田官板乌素6号煤层中煤矸石的矿物学特征研究     

崔晓南  黄文辉  丁国平  敖卫华  周鸿璞  梁飞 《岩石矿物学杂志》2016,35(4):647-654

运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-热流和扫描电镜等手段对准格尔矿区官板乌素煤矿主采6号煤层下部层位中煤矸石的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明,煤矸石在官板乌素煤矿6号煤层下部层位中分布广泛,呈薄层状产出,主要矿物组成为高岭石,其次含有极少量的勃姆石等矿物。样品中SiO_2/Al_2O_3(摩尔比值)在2.00~2.10之间,接近高岭石族矿物理论比值,有害组分铁、钛含量相对较低。在扫描电镜下,可见煤矸石样品中高岭石单晶形态主要为六方片状,叠片状聚晶,晶片的片径多在5μm以下。该矿区煤矸石中的高岭石为结晶度较高的优质高岭岩,可用于生产陶瓷。  相似文献   

广西合浦新屋面高岭石矿物学特征及其形成途径     

瞿思思  周汉文  钟增球  王锦荣  柳婷 《地质科技情报》2010,29(5)

在野外实地考察的基础上,结合X射线衍射、扫描电镜(SEM)、化学成分分析等测试技术,对广西合浦新屋面高岭土矿床的风化物进行了研究。X射线衍射分析表明,黏土矿物主要为高岭石、伊利石、石英、正长石及斜长石。高岭石结晶度在0.489～1.210之间,随着深度的逐渐减小,高岭石逐渐增多,长石逐渐减少,高岭石的结晶程度则呈现变好的趋势,反映出花岗岩中原生矿物高岭土化程度逐渐加强。SEM结果表明,随着风化程度的加强,高岭石发育越来越好,晶形越来越完整。化学成分分析显示w(Al2O3)和w(K2O)互为消长关系,且随着深度的增大,Al2O3逐渐减少,K2O逐渐增多。该区长石蚀变为高岭土,可以经由绢云母中间阶段再转变形成高岭石和直接转变形成高岭石这两个途径。  相似文献   

^29Si,^27Al Magic—Angle—Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance（MAS NMR） Studies of Kaolinite and Its Thermal Transformation Products     

He Hongping  Hu Cheng  Guo Jiugao  Zhang Huifen 《中国地球化学学报》1995,14(1):78-82

²⁷Al,²⁹Si MAS NMR studies of kaolinite and its thermal transformation products show that in the kaolinite-mullite reaction series there is an extensive segregation of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ and the reaction of Al₂O₃ with SiO₂ to form mullite is the main path of mullite formation. At about 850° C, the peak intensity of A1(V) reaches its maximum and with the further rise of temperature the A1(V) signal completely disappears. At about 950°C, γ-Al₂O₃ accounts for about 71% of the material phases containing Al atoms. In the series there is no obvious presence of Al-Si spinel. The²⁷Al and²⁹Si MAS NMR spectra show that there is an obvious difference between the temperature points for Al-O₂(OH)₄ octahedral sheet collapsing and Si-O₄ tetrahedral sheet breaking down.  相似文献   

The engineering geology of the Lower Lias Clay at Blockley,Gloucestershire, UK     

J. M. Coulthard  F. G. Bell 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1993,11(3):185-201

Summary The Lower Lias Clay at Blockley, 20 km due south of Stratford-upon-Avon, UK, is thought to be representative of this clay formation over much of the Severn Basin. As far as the mineralogy of the clay is concerned, illite is the dominant clay mineral, kaolinite being subsidiary, with quartz, calcite, pyrite and chlorite/vermiculite present in subsidiary or accessory amounts. Weathering changes the mineralogy, with illite being degraded and calcite and pyrite being removed. Furthermore free iron oxide coatings become important as a result of weathering, with the maximum concentrations being present in the highly weathered material.The unweathered clay possesses a preferred orientation associated with turbostratic structures. At certain horizons microfolding and remoulding occurs in the unweathered clay and silty layers are displaced. Weathering has progressively destroyed the micro-structures present in the weathered clay horizons.The fissures in the Lower Lias Clay occur in five uniplanar sets. In the unweathered clay the intensity is fairly constant but it increases in a narrow zone just below the weathered horizons. The number of curved fissures also increases at this depth. This intense fissuring continues into the lowest zone of weathered clay where weathering is confined to the fissure surfaces. Fissures become less apparent in the more weathered horizons as more and more degradation has taken place. However, new smaller fissure systems are developed in the weathered clay, as are desiccation cracks.Engineering index properties and values of shear strength are given. Relationships between moisture content and strength, liquid limit and iron (Fe) content were observed, and a relationship between weathering zones and the shear strength-depth curve was established.  相似文献   

Laumontization and Secondary Pores of Sandstones in the Paleogene and Upper Cretaceous Coal Measures, off Northeast Honshu, Japan     

Yutaka Yanagimoto  Azuma Iijima 《Resource Geology》2004,54(4):465-476

Abstract. Sandstones with high reservoir quality occur in the Paleogene and Upper Cretaceous coal measures off Sanriku and Sohma in the Pacific coast of northeast Honshu. The sandstone porosity was generally produced by the dissolution of calcite cement and clastic grains such as feldspar and glassy volcanics. The most probable cause of dissolution is the organic acids generated from the maturation of coal and coaly matter in the deeply subsiding source area prior to thermogenic hydrocarbon generation. The pore fluid including organic acids dissolved calcite and clastic silicates to form a small amount of laumontite and kaolinite at around 60C. The acidic and not neutralized pore fluid was responsible for the formation of kaoli-nite. On the other hand, laumontite was formed when the acidic pore fluid was neutralized and then made alkaline after the reaction with minerals such as plagioclase, glassy volcanics and calcite cement. Therefore, laumontite and kaolinite generally occur separately. Laumontite is 0.6–4.6 % by volume, whereas kaolinite is 0.6–9.8 % and the sandstone porosity remains from 10 to 22 %. This type of laumontization after the secondary pore formation might not give a severe damage to the reservoir property of the Paleogene and Upper Cretaceous coal measures in the Pacific coast of northeast Honshu and indicates further exploration possibility.  相似文献   

煤系高岭石—醋酸钾复合体的热行为   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

刘钦甫  丁述理 《矿物学报》1997,17(3):276-279

用煤系高岭石与醋酸钾合成夹层复合体，并利用热分析（TA）、红外光谱（IR）和X射线衍射（XRD）等手段研究其热行为特征。夹层复合体在低于300℃左右的条件下相当稳定，当温度进一步升高，夹在高岭石层间的醋酸钾就会发生熔化，在此阶段脱羟基作用发生。复合体脱羟基所需的温度比纯高岭石发生同样作用所需的温度要低得多。红外光谱研究发现，高岭石复合体中不同性质羟基团的脱羟基作用的发生遵循着一个固定的顺序。  相似文献   

高岭石矿物缺陷结构研究——以晋北晚古生代煤系地层高岭岩为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱如凯 《矿物学报》1996,16(3):245-252

本文主要根据ＸＲＤ分析和ＩＲ光谱分析的有关参数，对山西境内产部晚古生代煤系夹矸高岭岩的矿物结构特征进行了详细研究，认为高岭石矿物结晶度与其显微结构有关，隐晶质高岭岩比碎屑团粒状和蠕虫状高岭岩结晶指数高。高岭石的无序度主要反映于（ａ，ｂ）面上的随机层错，同时与样品中低缺陷相的比率有关。动荡的水介质环境可能导致其无序度的增加。  相似文献   

江西武山铜矿床北矿带层状高岭土成因商榷   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔彬  许碧燕 《现代地质》1995,9(4):495-500

江西武山铜矿床是长江中下游铁、铜、金成矿带的一个重要组成部分。该矿床北矿带矿体顶板广泛分布着层状高岭土，前人认为该层状高岭土为火山岩蚀变产物，从而得出该矿床为火山成因。本次通过详细的野外地质调查和室内镜下观察，以及稀土元素分析和同位素年龄测定，认为该层状高岭土为主岩体花岗间长斑岩顺层侵入的一个岩枝蚀变的产物，因此，该矿床是在正常沉积基础之上由燕山期岩浆热液叠加改造的层控矿床。  相似文献