Spatio-temporal patterns and driving mechanism of farmland fragmentation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain     

ZHENG Yuhan  LONG Hualou  CHEN Kunqiu 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(6):1020-1038

Exploring the spatio-temporal variations of farmland landscape patterns in a traditional agricultural region can provide scientific support for decision-making on sustainable rural land use and rural vitalization development. This study established a comprehensive evaluation index for farmland fragmentation with multiple aspects (dominance, integrity, aggregation, regularity, and connectivity) at the county scale. The goal was to identify the evolution of farmland fragmentation in the traditional agricultural region of the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain during 2000-2015 and investigate underlying drivers using panel data of 359 counties. Results showed an accelerating but fluctuating fragmentation pattern of the farmland landscape. The indexes of dominance, integrity, and aggregation of farmland decreased most sharply, while the index of connectivity increased. Furthermore, the evolution of the farmland fragmentation pattern showed significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity, which is similar to the trajectory of urbanization and land use transition. Farmland fragmentation in municipal districts also emerged earlier and was more severe than in county-level cities and counties. Factors influenced by advancing urbanization include the proportion of artificial land, population density, and proportion of primary industry; these factors drove the evolution of farmland fragmentation. In contrast, the increase in income of rural residents and production efficiency of farmland were the key factors contributing to the improvement in farmland connectivity.  相似文献   

鲁甸地震的滑坡物质运移规律与地形特征     

陈晓利  刘春国  传一健  兰剑  魏延坤 《地震地质》2021,43(1):92-104

长期、缓慢的地貌演化具有阶段性的特点,构造抬升与侵蚀相互作用引起山坡物质运移,使地貌单元具有向相对稳定状态转变的趋势。滑坡作为山坡物质运移的一种主要方式,在地貌演化过程中起到了重要作用。2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震诱发了异常多的滑坡,可以看作是该区地貌物质在短时间内发生的集中调整过程。这些滑坡主要沿河流分布,表明河流侵蚀使河岸地形变陡、强度降低,形成发生物质运移的有利条件,从而增强了地震滑坡的易发性。文中以SRTM 30m数字高程模型(DEM)为基础,通过对鲁甸地震滑坡分布区的网格化划分,对研究区滑坡分布及其与地形特征的关系进行了定量分析。除计算网格单元内的高程、高差及算数平均坡度外,还提出期望坡度的计算方法以对网格单元内的地形进行平滑。在此基础上,对该区域地貌特征参数自相关性进行了分析和比较,以判断地表物质分布是否均衡并寻找其中的分异性单元(滑坡易发区)。结果表明,研究区的高程与坡度、地形高差呈负相关,反映出显著的河流侵蚀效应;其中地形特征在分析单元的期望坡度与算数平均坡度这2个不同尺度下表现出很高的一致性,可能代表着研究区地貌在演化中具有的一种动态稳定特征,而与此特征不符的地貌单元则是可能发生滑坡进行物质调整的区域,是地貌自适应调整的一种表现。2014年鲁甸地震触发的大部分规模较大的滑坡发生在期望坡度与平均坡度差异较大的区域,这些区域大多位于河谷,显示河流侵蚀及其所造成的地形特征对滑坡易发性的控制作用。基于这样的认识,认为该区未来的物质运移区域仍然受到河流侵蚀的控制,滑坡易发性高的位置仍将沿河流分布。作为对比的九寨沟地震震区的地貌参数分析结果则表现出不同的特点,这种地形地貌分布上的差异性与滑坡空间分布及滑坡规模等之间的关系值得深入探讨。  相似文献   

Simulating urban growth by integrating landscape expansion index (LEI) and cellular automata   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Xiaoping Liu  Lei Ma  Xia Li  Bin Ai  Shaoying Li  Zhijian He 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(1):148-163

Traditional urban cellular automata (CA) model can effectively simulate infilling and edge-expansion growth patterns. However, most of these models are incapable of simulating the outlying growth. This paper proposed a novel model called LEI-CA which incorporates landscape expansion index (LEI) with CA to simulate urban growth. Urban growth type is identified by calculating the LEI index of each cell. Case-based reasoning technique is used to discover different transition rules for the adjacent growth type and the outlying growth type, respectively. We applied the LEI-CA model to the simulation of urban growth in Dongguan in southern China. The comparison between logistic-based CA and LEI-CA indicates that the latter can yield a better performance. The LEI-CA model can improve urban simulation accuracy over logistic-based CA by 13.8%, 10.8% and 6.9% in 1993, 1999 and 2005, respectively. Moreover, the outlying growth type hardly exists in the simulation by logistic-based CA, while the proposed LEI-CA model performs well in simulating different urban growth patterns. Our experiments illustrate that the LEI-CA model not only overcomes the deficiencies of traditional CA but might also better understand urban evolution process.  相似文献   

平坦低地农业区人类活动影响下地形对森林分布的影响（英文）     

Mette V.ODGAARD  Peder K.BФCHER  Tommy DALGAARD  Jesper E.MOESLUND  Jens-Christian SVENNING 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,(1)

Complex topography buffers forests against deforestation in mountainous regions.However,it is unknown if terrain also shapes forest distribution in lowlands where human impacts are likely to be less constrained by terrain.In such regions,if important at all,topographic effects will depend on cultural-historical factors and thus be human-driven(anthropogenic) rather than natural,except in regions where the general climate or extreme soils limit the occurrence of forests.We used spatial regression modeling to assess the extent to which topographic factors explain forest distribution(presence-absence at a 48×48 m resolution) in a lowland agricultural region(Denmark,43,075 km2) at regional and landscape scales(whole study area and 10×10 km grid cells,respectively),how landscape-scale forest-topography relationships vary geographically,and which potential drivers(topographic heterogeneity,forest cover,clay content,coastal/inland location) determine this geographic heterogeneity.Given a moist temperate climate and non-extreme soils all landscapes in Denmark would naturally be largely forest covered,and any topographic relationships will be totally or primarily human-driven.At regional scale,topographic predictors explained only 5% of the distribution of forest.In contrast,the explanatory power of topography varied from 0%–61% at landscape scale,with clear geographic patterning.Explanatory power of topography at landscape scale was moderately dependent on the potential drivers,with topographic control being strongest in areas with high topographic heterogeneity and little forest cover.However,these conditioning effects were themselves geographically variable.Our findings show that topography by shaping human land-use can affect forest distribution even in flat,lowland regions,but especially via localized,geographically variable effects.  相似文献   

三维GIS在不动产登记管理中的应用研究     

魏春晓  宋鹏  王星 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(7)

随着土地利用向立体化、复杂化发展,不动产登记管理迫切需要向立体化模式转变。将三维景观构建技术用于不动产登记管理,能够立体直观地表现地、楼、房之间的空间关系。本文研究了将二维GIS数据用于查询分析、关联三维模型用于显示的二维向三维扩展的方式,具有一定的实践意义。  相似文献   

土地利用数据用于景观格局分析的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马英莲  陈曦  贺永平  彭树宏  刘萍 《测绘信息与工程》2011,36(5):14-16,19

在阐述景观格局定量分析的基础上,探讨了土地利用现状数据用于景观格局分析的整合内容、过程及方法,并例举了用于景观格局分析的计算方法与分析,以期说明土地利用数据的多元应用性。  相似文献   

渤海海岸带地区土地利用时空演变及景观格局响应   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

左丽君  徐进勇  张增祥  温庆可  刘斌  赵晓丽  易玲 《遥感学报》2011,15(3):604-620

综合利用RS、GIS和景观生态学方法,以渤海海岸带地区1995、2000、2005和2008年土地利用分布图为基础, 分析了渤海海岸带地区近13年间的土地利用时空演变及其景观响应,得到以下结论：（1）渤海海岸带地区土地利用 年动态变化率在2000年—2005年间最大,为0.40%;2005年—2008年段次之;1995年—2000年间最小;（2）下辽河平 原、海河平原以及黄河三角洲地区为土地利用动态发生的主要区域;（3）监测期内,城乡、工矿、居民用地的面积扩 展明显,且主要来源于其周边的优质耕地,但在耕地流向城乡、工矿、居民用地的同时,有较大面积的林地和草地转 向耕地,因此监测期内耕地的总面积变化不大,海域向陆地土地利用类型的转化（即填海造陆）是该区域一种特殊的 土地利用动态类型,并随着时间推移速度越来越快;（4）整个区域在监测期内表现出多种土地利用类型（未利用地、 水域等）的小型斑块被整合,而优势土地利用类型（主要是耕地和城乡、工矿、居民用地）的大型斑块则积极向外扩 展的发展态势,整个景观表现出多样性和均匀度减小而优势度增加的趋势。  相似文献   

基于TM影像的曲阜市农村居民点空间景观分析     

贾维花  尹永宜  侯彩青 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(3):62-65

以曲阜市为研究区,利用2005年TM遥感影像,经过校正、人机交互目视解译得到该研究区空间景观结构矢量图,提取居民点斑块,然后利用景观生态学数量方法分析研究区农村居民点空间景观分布特征.研究表明,研究区农村居民点规模较小,分布零散,平原地区农村居民点平均面积为15.67 hm2,山区居民点平均面积为7.94hm2.这样的...  相似文献   

Connections between hydrodynamics, benthic landscape and associated fauna in the Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean     

Francesc Ordines  Gabriel JordàAntoni Quetglas  Mar FlexasJoan Moranta  Enric Massutí 《Continental Shelf Research》2011,31(17):1835-1844

Linking the abiotic and biotic traits of ecosystems is a critical step towards understanding their structure and functioning. Here we attempt to determine the connections between the hydrodynamics, benthic landscape and the associated fish communities on the coastal continental shelf off the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean). Specifically we investigate the role the hydrodynamics play in shaping the benthic landscape, and whether the hydrodynamics affect the composition and structure of demersal fish communities. A realistic numerical model was used to establish the hydrodynamic characteristics of the area. The study area showed high hydrodynamic variability on a medium spatial scale (tens of km) in terms of mean water velocity (ū). Principal component analysis was used to determine the main gradients of macro-epibenthic variability. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to model the effect of the hydrodynamics on macro-epibenthic species. RDA was also used to model the effect of the hydrodynamics and macro-epibenthos on the abundance of the associated fish fauna, and on its biomass at a community level using biomass spectra classes. The results showed that the hydrodynamics had a significant influence on the distribution of both macro-epibenthic species and the associated fish species. The latter was also influenced by the macro-epibenthos. Fish size appeared to be a key attribute for the distribution of species across gradients of ū and macro-epibenthic change. Our findings can be applied in ecosystem-based fisheries management, as they show that it is necessary to take into account both the biotic and abiotic traits of the habitats when the habitat use and requirements of the associated species are defined.  相似文献   

遥感时空不一致性对城市景观格局动态分析影响     

杨叶涛  龚健雅  王迎迎  曾又枝 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(8):974-977

采用时空相结合的分类方法来获取多时相土地利用/覆盖,有效减少了多时相遥感的时空不一致性。为探测时空不一致性对景观指标取值及其变化轨迹的影响,将时相独立分类方法和时空相结合分类方法进行了对比,四种常用的景观指标——斑块数(NP)、边缘密度(ED)、平均斑块大小(MPS)和平均形状指数(MSI)用来探测两种方法的差异。结果表明,时空不一致性不仅影响到景观指标取值,而且改变了景观指标的变化轨迹。  相似文献