三沙湾互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响     

黄雅琴  王建军  何雪宝  林和山  林俊辉  牟剑锋  刘坤  张舒怡  黎中宝 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(3):506-519

为探讨互花米草(Spartinaalterniflora)入侵对三沙湾光滩、红树林湿地的生态影响,分别于2013年10月和2014年9月在三沙湾选择了2条互花米草断面、2条红树林断面和1条光滩进行底栖生物生态调查,分析了大型底栖动物群落分布的时空差异、底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。经鉴定,该调查海域大型底栖动物共68种,隶属于7门40科,其中短拟沼螺(Assiminea brevicula)为互花米草区优势物种;宁波泥蟹(Ilyoplaxningpoensis)为光滩的优势物种;巴林虫(Barantollasp.)为红树林区优势物种。对各生境大型底栖动物物种数、生物量和栖息密度组成进行双因素无重复方差分析(two-way ANOVA),结果显示不同生境大型底栖动物物种数差异极显著(P0.01),互花米草入侵红树林后,大型底栖动物物种数稍有下降,但是互花米草入侵光滩后,大型底栖动物物种数有所增加;不同生境大型底栖动物生物量差异极显著(P0.01),栖息密度差异不显著(P0.05)。利用大型底栖动物的ABC曲线分析群落结构的稳定性,显示光滩群落结构稳定,互花米草入侵后,优势物种变化显著,双齿围沙蚕数量迅速增加,降低了原有大型底栖动物群落结构的稳定性。除生境影响外,互花米草入侵的潮位区域、生长密度差异、入侵阶段等也均会对大型底栖动物造成影响。  相似文献   

Assessing the response of sandy-beach macrobenthos to recreation and the ecological status of the beach ecosystem at Liandao,China     

Xiaowei Wu  Xinqing Zou  Chongqing Zhong  Wenwen Yu  Yali Li  Teng Wang 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(1):e12580

Sandy beaches, prime recreational assets that attract more people than other types of shorelines, are the main assets underpinning many coastal economies and developments. However, the intense stressors to the ecology of sandy beaches caused by recreational activities are generally underestimated or ignored. This study was the first to emphasize the ecological characteristics of recreational beaches in China and assess the response of macrobenthos at Liandao Beach, a typical sandy beach in the central part of China. Using the Before/During/After/Control/Impact (BDACI) method, differences in multiple variables (species richness, mean density, diversity) between a heavily recreationally impacted transect (TrH/Impact) and a less-impacted transect (TrL/Control) in different impact periods (Before, During & After) were applied to assess the response of sandy-beach macrobenthos to recreation and tourism. Meanwhile, a comparison between the macrobenthos conditions of the studied beach and reference conditions calculating from historical data of similar beaches with little recreation and tourism disturbances was carried out. Furthermore, the quality control chart approach was used to detect in detail the macrobenthos stable state and yearly response to recreational activities. The results showed that recreation and tourism posed a serious threat to the beach ecosystem; macrobenthos on the studied beach were seriously disturbed by recreational activities, and their variations were highly negatively related to the human recreational level. After monthly recreational impacts, the macrobenthos decreased sharply and recovered with difficulty during 1 year. Over the long-term, the macrobenthos had a sharp decreasing trend, which indicated that the ecological environment of the beach was highly disturbed. Conservation measures for recreational beaches are very challenging because of the economic value and popularity of sandy beaches as recreational sites. However, practicable conservation measures could be implemented that prevent or slow ecological degradation. A number of management and conservation suggestions are put forward, such as the establishment of the ecological carrying capacity of Liandao Beach in terms of direct recreational use, creation of themed exhibitions related to the beach macrobenthos and beach ecosystem and dissemination of this knowledge to visitors, implementation of spatial zoning of beach use, visitor management and environmental education.  相似文献   

Spatial and seasonal distribution of intertidal macrobenthos with their biomass and functional feeding guilds in the Naf River estuary,Bangladesh     

Md. Abu NOMAN  MAMUNUR Rashid  M SHAHANUL Islam  M. Belal HOSSAIN 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):1010-1023

The Naf River estuary is one of the most productive ecological ecosystems in Bangladesh providing an important feeding area for fishes and other aquatic animals.However,detailed information on macrobenthic communities is rarely available in this area.Our study focused on the seasonal and spatial variability of macrobenthic community structure with their biomass and functional guilds.In total,fortyseven taxa were identified under nine major groups and seven functional feeding guilds.Among macrobenthic taxa,Polychaeta was dominant in both seasons and all over the estuary contributing 60%of total benthos.The mean abundance of macrobenthos was higher during the pre-monsoon(2 972±1 994 inds./m^2)than the monsoon(1 572±361 inds./m^2)being maximum at mid-estuary region and minimum at upper and lower estuary regions.Of the diversity indices,density(P=0.01,P=0.003),the number of taxa(P=0.000 3,P=0.000 9)and Margalef′s Index(P=0.000 4,P=0.001)of macrobenthos were significantly different among stations and seasons.Shannon-Weiner index(P=0.009,P=0.12)and Pielou’s evenness index(P=0.03,P=0.14)had significant differences among stations but not among seasons.Cluster analysis suggested that distribution of macrofauna is strongly influenced by seasonality.Among the feeding types,carnivorous were found to be dominant at the upper and mid-estuarine regions,and herbivorous were at lower estuarine regions.Carnivorous species were dominant in both seasons.Omnivores have shown to be the most abundant feeding type in terms of biomass though herbivores were highest during monsoon.  相似文献   

乐清湾大型底栖动物种类和数量组成特征及变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王航俊  邹清  刘亚林  林义  吕宝强  姚炜民 《海洋科学》2018,42(6):78-87

为了解和掌握乐清湾大型底栖动物种类和数量组成特征及变化情况,本研究于2015年1月、3月、5月、8月和10月进行5个航次的大型底栖动物调查。结果表明,乐清湾共有大型底栖动物116种,环节动物为主要优势类群;种类组成、栖息密度和生物量在不同航次之间均存在较大幅度的波动;相同航次之间的种类组成、栖息密度和生物量在空间分布也存在明显斑块化。通过对比分析历史研究数据发现乐清湾的大型底栖动物种类和数量组成变化明显,其中小个体环节动物的种类数和栖息密度明显升高,而大个体软体动物和棘皮动物的种类数和栖息密度则下降明显。这说明乐清湾底栖生境处于不稳定状态,需要在长期稳定的生境中生长的大个体动物不能得到充分的生长,取而代之的是出生率高,生长周期短的小个体r-对策者的快速繁殖。  相似文献   

互花米草扩张对江苏海滨湿地大型底栖动物的影响     

仇乐  刘金娥  陈建琴  王国祥  常青 《海洋科学》2010,34(8):50-55

2008年6月在苏北海滨湿地盐城珍禽国家级自然保护区内选取了3个典型断面8个样点,分析了大型底栖动物的种类、密度、生物量、多样性指数及均匀度指数等群落特征。本研究共采集到底栖动物21种,其中软体动物12种,占物种总数的57.1%;甲壳动物6种,占物种总数28.6%;环节动物2种,占物种总数9.5%;鱼类1种,占物种总数4.8%。结果显示:在光滩生境中,软体动物多以托氏昌螺(Umbonium thomasi)、泥螺(Bullacta exarata)及四角蛤蜊(Mactra veneriformis)为优势种,豆形拳蟹(Philyra pisum)亦有一定的数量。随着米草群落的侵入,软体动物中的尖锥拟蟹守螺(Cerithidea lar-gillierti)与环节动物中双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)则逐渐变成优势种。新生互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)群落提高了大型底栖动物的物种数量和丰富度,但随着时间的推移及米草的生长,米草群落中的底栖动物的物种数及多样性都会下降。可见,研究米草入侵对海滨湿地大型底栖动物群落的影响,除了调查方法及时空因素外,还应考虑到研究样地互花米草入侵时间的长短。  相似文献   

Food sources of benthic animals on intertidal and subtidal bottoms in inner Ariake Sound,southern Japan,determined by stable isotopes     

Hisashi Yokoyama  Tomoko SakamiYuka Ishihi 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

To evaluate the relative importance of possible food sources, including riverine particulate organic matter, reeds, benthic microalgae, seaweeds, cultured laver (Porphyra) and coastal phytoplankton, for commercial bivalves and co-occurring benthic animals, 73 macrofaunal species were collected from intertidal and subtidal soft bottoms in the inner part of Ariake Sound, Kyushu, southern Japan, and their isotopic compositions were analyzed. The results revealed that (1) both intertidal and subtidal food webs were constituted of 3 trophic levels, (2) suspension-feeding bivalves utilize a mixture of benthic microalgae and coastal phytoplankton, and omnivores and carnivores incorporate benthic microalgae and phytoplankton through their intermediate prey, and (3) 3 bivalves (Scapharca kagoshimensis, Modiolus metcalfei and Atrina lischkeana) inhabiting both intertidal and subtidal bottoms showed similar seasonal fluctuations, suggesting no difference in the diet composition among the species and between the 2 habitats. We conclude that a large biomass of benthic microalgae which was approximately equal to that of phytoplankton and the strong tidal currents that would resuspend benthic microalgae and transport them to subtidal bottom areas account for the benthic microalgal and phytoplankton based trophic structure in the inner part of Ariake Sound.  相似文献   

Summertime community structure of intertidal macrobenthos in Changdao Archipelago,Shandong Province,China     

王晓晨  李新正  李宝泉  王洪法 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):425-434

The community structure of intertidal macrobenthos in Changdao Archipelago(north of Shandong Peninsula,between Bohai Bay and the northern Yellow Sea) was examined based on samples collected from 14 stations in five transects in June 2007.Three stations corresponding to high,medium and low tidal areas were set up for each transect.A total of 68 macrobenthic species were found in the research region,most of which belonged to Mollusca and Crustacea.The average abundance and biomass of the macrobenthos was 1 38...  相似文献   

莱州湾沉积物粒度与大型底栖生物群落关系的初步分析     

赵玉庭  由丽萍  马元庆  宋秀凯  苏博  何健龙  付萍  王月霞  孙珊 《海洋通报》2021,40(1):84-91

依据2019年8月份莱州湾表层沉积物及大型底栖生物资料,分析了沉积物粒度分布特征及对底栖生物群落分布的影响.结果 显示,莱州湾沉积物分为砂质粉砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂和砂4种类型,以砂质粉砂为主,中值粒径平均58.96 μm;共采集大型底栖生物7门113种,主要种类为环节动物和软体动物.不同粒度的沉积物中大型底栖生物种类、密...  相似文献   

辽河口潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

孟翔  袁秀堂  张安国  齐玥  吴楠  袁蕾  康婧  宋钢 《海洋科学》2023,47(7):111-121

2020年对辽河口潮间带7条断面46个站位开展了春、秋两季大型底栖动物调查,并进行摄食功能群划分,研究了其潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群的组成及特征。共发现46种大型底栖动物,以软体动物、环节动物和节肢动物为主。肉食者功能群种类数最多,且主要为环节动物类群;浮游生物食者功能群则在丰度及生物量方面占优势地位,且主要为软体动物类群。大型底栖动物各摄食功能群丰度及生物量(除肉食者外)均表现出春季高于秋季,且在断面间无显著性差异,但浮游生物食者在靠近辽河入海口的断面(B和C断面)占据绝对优势。双因素方差分析显示,各摄食功能群的种类数、丰度和生物量在季节变化上均无显著差异。本研究结果有助于揭示辽河口潮间带大型底栖动物摄食功能群的变化规律,并为生物资源保护和修复提供基础数据。  相似文献   

胶州湾大型底栖动物生态学初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

杨湘君  崔雯瑶  张蒙生  陈晨  于子山 《海洋科学进展》2021,39(1):89-101

分别于2018年冬季(1月)和夏季(9月)对胶州湾进行了2个航次20个相同站位的大型底栖动物调查.共鉴定出大型底栖动物287种.大型底栖动物的总平均丰度和生物量分别为2026个/m2和378.0 g/m2,2航次的丰度和生物量均呈现由胶州湾中部向南北两侧增大的趋势.调查水域优势种主要为多毛类,但相对重要性指数(IRI)...  相似文献