浙江檀头山岛周围海域夏、秋季大型底栖动物群落结构特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘迅  王莉  顾晓英  蔡林婷  焦海峰  王一农  尤仲杰 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(3):553-567

为揭示现阶段浙江檀头山岛周围海域大型底栖动物群落现状,于2013年7月、2013年11月对该海域进行了2航次的大型底栖动物生态调查,20个采样站位共获得大型底栖动物55种,其中甲壳动物最多,有18种(占32.73%),其次是底栖鱼类(17种,占30.91%)、软体动物(16种,占29.09%),腔肠动物3种(5.45%),环节动物最少,只有1种(1.82%)。2航次共鉴定大型底栖动物优势种14种,其中葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri、细巧仿对虾Parapenaeopsis tenella为2航次共有优势种,其余均为单一航次优势种,夏、秋季间种类更替率较高,为51.85%。平均生物量、丰度,夏季航次均分别高于秋季航次,方差分析表明生物量、丰度两航次间均存在显著差异(P0.05),远近岸间均不存在显著差异(P0.05)。对檀头山岛周围海域夏季和秋季大型底栖动物群落结构进行聚类分析和n MDS排序分析,结果表明,夏季、秋季20个站位均可划分成2个主要聚类组,对各聚类组内平均相似度贡献较大的物种主要是广温、广盐性的甲壳类动物,如东方口虾蛄Oratosquilla oratoria、中国毛虾Acetes chinensis、细螯虾Leptochela gracilis、葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri、中华管鞭虾Solenocera crassicornis、三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus等。ABC曲线和多样性指数分析表明,檀头山岛周围海域大型底栖动物群落在秋季受到重度扰动,夏季未受到扰动。粒径分析结果显示檀头山岛周围海域沉积物主要是由较细颗粒的黏土和粉砂组成。CCA分析结果表明温度、盐度、水深、溶解氧是对大型底栖动物影响程度较大的环境因子。  相似文献   

山东宁津附近海域大型底栖动物群落结构及季节变化     

王金宝  李新正  王洪法 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(6):1371-1382

根据2009年11月至2010年8月在山东宁津附近海域进行4个季度月航次调查所得大型底栖动物采泥资料,运用优势度指数、物种多样性指数及Cluster聚类和MDS排序等方法,分析了该海域的大型底栖动物群落特征和季节变化。结果表明:4个航次在底泥样品中共鉴定大型底栖生物11门159种,其中,多毛类动物73种,是主要的优势类群,甲壳动物39种,软体动物25种,棘皮动物9种,其他类群共13种。主要优势种有拟特须虫、丝异蚓虫、索沙蚕、轮双眼钩虾等。宁津邻近海域年平均生物量和丰度分别为9.144g/m~2和233.90ind./m~2,均较低且存在季节性差异。丰富度指数(D)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H′)的年平均值分别为2.436、0.800和2.924,次级生产力较低,平均值仅为1.903g(AFDW)/(m~2·a)。聚类分析结果表明,秋、春航次群落分布格局均包含近岸群落和远岸群落,但各群落间界线不明显,群落结构受扰动情况不明显。  相似文献   

渔山列岛夏季潮间带大型底栖生物群落结构研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

金文育  彭欣  王宁  刘俊峰 《海洋科学》2017,41(3):17-25

于2014年8月,在浙江宁波渔山列岛布设4个岩礁断面开展潮间带大型底栖生物调查,分析其种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种、生物多样性和群落结构特征等。该调查共采集到潮间带大型底栖生物98种,包括大型底栖动物70种和大型底栖藻类28种;其中优势种有9种,分别为小结节滨螺[Echinolittorina radiata(Souleyet)]、条纹隔贻贝[Septifer virgatus(Wiegmann)]、厚壳贻贝[Mytilus coruscus(Gould)]、带偏顶蛤[Modiolus comptus(Sowerby)]、栗色拉沙蛤[Lasaea nipponica(Keen)]、日本笠藤壶[Tetraclita japonica(Pilsbry)],刺巨藤壶[Megagbalanus volcano(Pilsbry)],以及珊瑚藻[Corallina officinalis(Linnaeus)]和小石花菜[Gelidium divaricatum(Marteus)]。潮间带大型底栖生物平均生物量为8 515.50 g/m~2,平均丰度为6 841.63个/m~2;各断面Shannon-wiener指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef丰富度指数(d)平均值分别为1.89±0.14、0.38±0.01和3.66±0.52。ABC曲线分析表明,4个断面受到一定扰动。与历史资料相比,该区域物种数减少明显,生物量和丰度有所增加,优势种被个体较小的日本笠藤壶、条纹隔贻贝等物种所演替。上述结果可为渔山列岛潮间带开发保护管理及其生物资源的可持续利用提供重要参考。  相似文献   

Functions and ecological status of eight Italian lagoons examined using biological traits analysis (BTA)     

Marchini A  Munari C  Mistri M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2008,56(6):1076-1085

The soft-bottom communities of eight Italian lagoons were analyzed for eight biological traits (feeding, mobility, adult life habitat, body size, life span, reproductive technique, type of larva and reproductive frequency) in order to identify the dominant traits in different transitional environments. We considered the ecological quality status (EcoQS) of the stations, assessed by two biotic indices, AMBI and Bentix. Stations were categorized into EcoQS classes to investigate the relationship between biological functions and ecological quality. The results indicate that the variability of the data was governed by traits linked to resource utilization rather than to life cycle. Lagoons affected by chronic disturbance displayed a poor functional composition, which usually corresponded to poor EcoQS in some cases, correlations between ecological groups and traits modalities were ecologically relevant; however, classes of EcoQS were found to be relatively independent from the functional structure of the considered stations.  相似文献   

Impact of Mussel Culture on Macrobenthic Community Structure in Saldanha Bay, South Africa   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

J. M. E. Stenton-dozey  L. F. Jackson  A. J. Busby 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,39(1-12):357-366

The impact of raft mussel-culture in Saldanha Bay, South Africa on macrobenthic community structure (abundance and biomass) was studied. Sampling was conducted in January between 1993 and 1996 to assess: (1) the composition of macrobenthos below rafts relative to outside the farm; (2) effects of raft position and age within the farm; and (3) recovery rate of benthos after raft removal. Analyses included ABC plots, hierarchical clustering and species diversity indices. Disturbed communities were found under 78% of raft sites sampled. The level of disturbance (Warwick Statistics) and the dominant opportunistic species (Bray–Curtis Similarities) changed from year to year, polychaetes and scavenging gastropods being most common. The degree of disturbance appeared related to raft sites positioned in the middle of the farm rather than raft age. Whereas ABC plots and hierarchical cluster analyses best identified the disturbance of benthic communities, diversity indices detected marginal recovery four years after raft removal. Although deposit feeders dominated all sites, suspension feeders increased in number and biomass at reference sites. This study presented a “yes/no” scenario that will be addressed in subsequent research in the modelling of culture ecosystems.  相似文献   

Observational information on a temperate reef community helps understanding the marine climate and ecosystem shift of the 1980–90s     

Giulia Gatti  Carlo Nike Bianchi  Monica Montefalcone  Sara Venturini  Giovanni Diviacco  Carla Morri 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):528-538

  相似文献   

1988—2021年洞庭湖大型底栖动物完整性评价及环境压力影响分析     

王丑明  黄代中  张屹  田琪  阴琨  熊莉  陈勇 《湖泊科学》2023,35(5):1765-1773

为客观跟踪洞庭湖水生态环境质量,掌握洞庭湖水生生物完整性状况和变化趋势,支撑长江流域水生态考核工作的开展,基于洞庭湖30多年(1988—2021)的大型底栖动物群落特征数据,构建洞庭湖大型底栖动物完整性指数(BIBI)。基于完整性评价结果,采用多元逐步回归分析识别30多年间影响洞庭湖B-IBI的主要环境因素和贡献率。以低压力期(1988—1994年)底栖动物特征确定参照状态,构建的B-IBI由总分类单元数、甲壳类和软体类分类单元数、H指数、总密度和BI指数5项核心参数构成;同时确定出5项参数的期望值,并建立起B-IBI评价的标准:B-IBI≥6.34,优秀;4.75≤B-IBI<6.34,良好;3.17≤B-IBI<4.75,中等;1.58≤B-IBI<3.17,较差;B-IBI<1.58,很差。经B-IBI在低、高压力组的箱线图分析,进一步验证了该指数的辨别力和适用性。根据研制的B-IBI评价标准,得到洞庭湖B-IBI从1988年的6.99(优)下降到2021年的2.97(较差),表明洞庭湖底栖动物完整性呈现显著的下降趋势。相关环境因素的分析显示,同期洞庭湖的...  相似文献   

乐清湾大型底栖动物种类和数量组成特征及变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王航俊  邹清  刘亚林  林义  吕宝强  姚炜民 《海洋科学》2018,42(6):78-87

为了解和掌握乐清湾大型底栖动物种类和数量组成特征及变化情况,本研究于2015年1月、3月、5月、8月和10月进行5个航次的大型底栖动物调查。结果表明,乐清湾共有大型底栖动物116种,环节动物为主要优势类群;种类组成、栖息密度和生物量在不同航次之间均存在较大幅度的波动;相同航次之间的种类组成、栖息密度和生物量在空间分布也存在明显斑块化。通过对比分析历史研究数据发现乐清湾的大型底栖动物种类和数量组成变化明显,其中小个体环节动物的种类数和栖息密度明显升高,而大个体软体动物和棘皮动物的种类数和栖息密度则下降明显。这说明乐清湾底栖生境处于不稳定状态,需要在长期稳定的生境中生长的大个体动物不能得到充分的生长,取而代之的是出生率高,生长周期短的小个体r-对策者的快速繁殖。  相似文献   

Assessing the response of sandy-beach macrobenthos to recreation and the ecological status of the beach ecosystem at Liandao,China     

Xiaowei Wu  Xinqing Zou  Chongqing Zhong  Wenwen Yu  Yali Li  Teng Wang 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(1):e12580

Sandy beaches, prime recreational assets that attract more people than other types of shorelines, are the main assets underpinning many coastal economies and developments. However, the intense stressors to the ecology of sandy beaches caused by recreational activities are generally underestimated or ignored. This study was the first to emphasize the ecological characteristics of recreational beaches in China and assess the response of macrobenthos at Liandao Beach, a typical sandy beach in the central part of China. Using the Before/During/After/Control/Impact (BDACI) method, differences in multiple variables (species richness, mean density, diversity) between a heavily recreationally impacted transect (TrH/Impact) and a less-impacted transect (TrL/Control) in different impact periods (Before, During & After) were applied to assess the response of sandy-beach macrobenthos to recreation and tourism. Meanwhile, a comparison between the macrobenthos conditions of the studied beach and reference conditions calculating from historical data of similar beaches with little recreation and tourism disturbances was carried out. Furthermore, the quality control chart approach was used to detect in detail the macrobenthos stable state and yearly response to recreational activities. The results showed that recreation and tourism posed a serious threat to the beach ecosystem; macrobenthos on the studied beach were seriously disturbed by recreational activities, and their variations were highly negatively related to the human recreational level. After monthly recreational impacts, the macrobenthos decreased sharply and recovered with difficulty during 1 year. Over the long-term, the macrobenthos had a sharp decreasing trend, which indicated that the ecological environment of the beach was highly disturbed. Conservation measures for recreational beaches are very challenging because of the economic value and popularity of sandy beaches as recreational sites. However, practicable conservation measures could be implemented that prevent or slow ecological degradation. A number of management and conservation suggestions are put forward, such as the establishment of the ecological carrying capacity of Liandao Beach in terms of direct recreational use, creation of themed exhibitions related to the beach macrobenthos and beach ecosystem and dissemination of this knowledge to visitors, implementation of spatial zoning of beach use, visitor management and environmental education.  相似文献   

三沙湾互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响     

黄雅琴  王建军  何雪宝  林和山  林俊辉  牟剑锋  刘坤  张舒怡  黎中宝 《海洋与湖沼》2020,51(3):506-519

为探讨互花米草(Spartinaalterniflora)入侵对三沙湾光滩、红树林湿地的生态影响,分别于2013年10月和2014年9月在三沙湾选择了2条互花米草断面、2条红树林断面和1条光滩进行底栖生物生态调查,分析了大型底栖动物群落分布的时空差异、底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。经鉴定,该调查海域大型底栖动物共68种,隶属于7门40科,其中短拟沼螺(Assiminea brevicula)为互花米草区优势物种;宁波泥蟹(Ilyoplaxningpoensis)为光滩的优势物种;巴林虫(Barantollasp.)为红树林区优势物种。对各生境大型底栖动物物种数、生物量和栖息密度组成进行双因素无重复方差分析(two-way ANOVA),结果显示不同生境大型底栖动物物种数差异极显著(P0.01),互花米草入侵红树林后,大型底栖动物物种数稍有下降,但是互花米草入侵光滩后,大型底栖动物物种数有所增加;不同生境大型底栖动物生物量差异极显著(P0.01),栖息密度差异不显著(P0.05)。利用大型底栖动物的ABC曲线分析群落结构的稳定性,显示光滩群落结构稳定,互花米草入侵后,优势物种变化显著,双齿围沙蚕数量迅速增加,降低了原有大型底栖动物群落结构的稳定性。除生境影响外,互花米草入侵的潮位区域、生长密度差异、入侵阶段等也均会对大型底栖动物造成影响。  相似文献