广西近岸海域潮流数值模拟     

张燕  孙英兰  张学庆  刘晓丹 《海洋通报》2007,26(5):17-21

采用有限元三角形网格的分步杂交方法,建立了广西近岸海域的二维潮流数值模型,计算值与实测资料符合较好。采用主要分潮组合输入,模拟了研究海域的平均潮潮流场。模拟结果表明:涨急时,潮流向为东北方向,最大涨潮流速为74cm/s左右;落急时,潮流向为西南方向,最大落潮流速约100cm/s,落潮流速大于涨潮流速。近岸区域潮流为往复流,离岸边越远潮流越接近旋转流。  相似文献   

The effect of bedforms (crest and trough systems) on sediment erodibility on a back-barrier tidal flat of the East Frisian Wadden Sea, Germany     

Mahatma Lanuru  Rolf Riethmüller  Carlo van Bernem  Kerstin Heymann 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,72(4):603-614

The erosion potential over bedforms in a tidal flat of the East Frisian Wadden Sea was studied by conducting erosion and physical and biological sediment property measurements on the crests and troughs of bedforms. Five stations along a cross-shore transect of 1.5 km length from immediately below the salt marsh to the mid tide-level of the tidal flat were visited during two field campaigns in June and September 2002. Measurements of sediment erodibility were made on both crests and troughs using an EROMES erosion device and quantified in terms of critical erosion shear stress and erosion rate. Surface sediment scrape samples (upper 1 mm layer) were taken from crests and troughs to determine various physical and biological properties of the sediment. The results show that crests are generally more stable (i.e. higher critical erosion shear stresses and lower erosion rates) than troughs. In general, crests contained more chlorophyll a, colloidal carbohydrate, and EPS (extracellular polymeric substance) than troughs. Median grain-size, water content and wet bulk density of the crests showed no statistically significant difference from those of the troughs with the exception at the most landward station immediately below the salt marsh margin, where crests had significantly lower water content and higher wet bulk density than troughs.Two different processes were identified for the difference in erodibility between crests and troughs: (1) At stations with emersion times less than 6 h, the higher benthic diatom biomass (measured as chlorophyll a concentration) on the crests increases the amount of EPS, which is likely to stabilize the sediment surface of these features; (2) in a saltmarsh transition area (most landward station), physical processes such as surface drying and compaction seem to enhance in a synergistic way the sediment stability on the crests.  相似文献   

西太平洋暖池形成与维持的动力学机制     

傅刚  周发琇  朱抱真 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(Z2)

建立了一个简单海气耦合模式,其中大气垂直分为两层,为-β平面近似线性模式。在非绝热加热项中包含了对流凝结潜热与大尺度流场之间相互作用的CISK机制以及蒸发、感热与扰动风场之间的反馈机制,并考虑了平均东风区和西风区的不同。由于只研究大气的平均纬向运动,故模式大气中仅含有Kelvin波。海洋模式为一约化重力模式,在一定条件下采用准地转近似,模式海洋中仅保留了Rossby波。对这一海气耦合模式进行特征波动分析,发现海气耦合并不显著改变大气波动的性质。在中东太平洋的平均东风区,大气的Kelvin波仍然增幅和东传。在平均西风区,大气Kelvin波振幅衰减。但耦合作用却使海洋Rossby波的性质发生变化,且波长超过某一临界波长Le的Rossby波的振幅增长。在平均东风区,结论相论。这一理论说明西太平洋暖池的形成与海洋Rossby波有关。在东太平洋,由于是平均东风区,短的Ross-by波振幅增长,不能形成水平尺度很大的“暖池”。而在平均西风的西太平洋区,有可能形成水平尺度很大的“暖池”。  相似文献   

The effects of semi-lunar spring and neap tidal change on nitrification, denitrification and N₂O vertical distribution in the intertidal sediments of the Yangtze estuary, China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

L.J. Hou  M. Liu  S.Y. Xu  D.N. Ou  J. Yu  S.B. Cheng  X. Lin  Y. Yang 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2007,73(3-4):607-616

To explore the influences of semi-lunar spring and neap tidal changes on nitrogen cycling in intertidal sediments, a comparative study among waterlogged, desiccated and reflooded systems was carried out in August 2005 and February 2006 by analyzing nitrification, denitrification and N₂O depth profiles in the intertidal flats of the Yangtze estuary. Laboratory experiments showed that alternating emersion and inundation resulted in the significant changes in nitrification and denitrification rates in the intertidal sediment systems. Due to the desiccation-related effects, lowest nitrification and denitrification rates were observed in the desiccated sediment cores. Highest nitrification and denitrification rates were however detected in the waterlogged and reflooded systems, respectively. It is hypothesized that the highest nitrification rates in the waterlogged sediments were mainly attributed to higher nitrifier numbers and NH₄⁺ being more available, whereas the availability of NO₃⁻ might dominate denitrification in the reflooded sediments. In addition, the highest N₂O concentrations were detected in the reflooded sediment cores, and the lowest found in the dried sediment cores. It was also shown that N₂O in the intertidal sediments was mainly from nitrification under the desiccated condition. In contrast, N₂O in the intertidal sediments was produced mainly via denitrification under the waterlogged and reflooded conditions. It is therefore concluded that the semi-lunar tidal cycle has a significant influence on nitrification, denitrification and N₂O production in the intertidal sediment systems.  相似文献   

北部湾潮汐的伴随同化数值模拟   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

吴自库  王丽娅  吕咸青  田纪伟  陈介中 《海洋学报》2003,25(2):128-135

影响潮汐和潮流模拟精度的两个主要因素是对开边界条件和底摩擦系数的选取。如果能给出优化的开边界条件和底系数摩系数,则必将提高潮汐和潮流模拟的精度。  相似文献   

北部湾潮汐数值预报及其分析     

刘爱菊  张延廷 《海洋与湖沼》1997,28(6):640-645

采用二维非线性运动方程和连续方程组，以多个分潮同步输入，做耦合数值模拟，进行潮汐数值预报。结果表明，K1潮波等振幅线分布与历史潮波图明显不同，此线呈舌状向北伸展，特别在湾的南部海域，其中央区振幅很小，10cm等振幅线可以伸至北纬19°以北。O1分潮的分布与K1分潮类似；北部湾北部以全日潮为主，湾的南部潮汐性质指标数2．0的等值线呈舌状向湾内神，两侧为不正规日潮，中间为不正规半日潮。4．0等值线向北推移，在19°N以南中央海区预报结果与前人的结果不同；南部海区中央一带潮差很小，最大可能潮差不超过2m，这种分布与前人结果有较大差异。  相似文献   

A 2D Mathematical Model for Sediment Transport by Waves and Tidal Currents   总被引：12，自引：5，他引：12  

陆永军左利钦  邵学军王红川 李浩麟 《中国海洋工程》2005,19(4):571-586

In this study, the combined actions of waves and tidal currents in estuarine and coastal areas are considered and a 2D mathematical model for sediment transport by waves and tidal currents has been established in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Non-equilibrium transport equations of suspended load and bed load are used in the model. The concept of background concentration is introduced, and the formula of sediment transport capacity of tidal currents for the Oujiang River estuary is obtained. The Dou Guoren formula is employed for the sediment transport capacity of waves. Sediment transport capacity in the form of mud and the intensity of back silting are calculated by use of Luo Zaosen＇ s formula. The calculated tidal stages are in good agreement with the field data, and the calculated velocities and flow directions of 46 vertical lines for 8 cross sections are also in good agreement with the measured data. On such a basis, simulations of back silting after excavation of the waterway with a sand bar under complicated boundary conditions in the navigation channel induced by suspended load, bed load and mud by waves and tidal currents are discussed.  相似文献   

浙江沿岸海平面变化的初步研究     

羊天柱  林显钰 《海洋学研究》1993,11(4):1-7

本文对浙江沿岸海平面变化研究中的若干问题进行了分析和讨论,结果表明:浙江沿岸海面形状较平坦。海平面变化呈上升趋势,在过去的30～33年间,用长涂、镇海和坎门站长期潮位资料分析,海平面年上升速率为2.3mm/a。预测今后几十年间浙江沿岸海平面处在一个上升时期。  相似文献   

关于平均海面变化研究的若干问题     

陈宗镛  左军成  田晖 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(4)

论述平均海平面、海面、潮面、平均潮面和海拔的概念、定义。提出研究平均海平面的一些基本问题，以及尚待深入探讨的几个问题。给出国内外的若干研究成果  相似文献   

锦州港潮流悬沙淤积模型试验研究     

董凤舞  徐敏福  郭瑞祥 《海洋工程》1994,(1)

本文首先分析了锦州湾的自然条件，明确了风浪掀沙和潮流输沙是引起港池和航道淤积的主要原因并得到了海水含沙量与风、浪、潮的定量关系，为确定模型中应施放的特征含沙值提供了依据。文中首次将窦国仁全沙模型相似理论应用于海湾潮流泥沙模型并取得了成功。验证试验表明，模型中潮位、潮流速、流向、含沙最分布，淤积强度分布，淤积量和淤沙粒径级配等均与原型基本一致。利用此泥沙模型对锦州港各期工程方案的淤积量和淤积强度分布进行了预报并对今后港口扩建工程布置提出了建议。  相似文献