煤层气井清洁压裂液破胶剂的筛选   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄霞  郭丽梅  姚培正  张丽 《煤田地质与勘探》2009,37(2):26-28

为解决清洁压裂液在煤层气井中的破胶问题,通过考察破胶剂的种类、温度、用量及pH值对破胶时间的影响,筛选了4种适合于不同压裂深度的煤层气井的新型温敏化学破胶剂——PJJ-25、PJJ-30、PJJ-35和PJJ-40。结果表明:这4种破胶剂用量为0.02%~0.03%;破胶时间在0.5~5 h之间可控制;破胶后体系粘度小于3 mPa.s;表面张力低于30 mN/m;残渣低于0.1%。实践证明,这4种破胶剂均有良好的破胶效果,破胶液与地层的配伍性良好,且对煤层伤害较轻。   相似文献   

河北数字遥测地震台站避雷系统     

刘新  李小军  李庆武  朱田阳 《华北地震科学》2008,26(4):54-56

雷电对地震遥测台站的正常运行和仪器设备安全造成很大威胁,雷电灾害被“国际十年减灾”组织列为十种最严重的自然灾害之一。本文就雷电的入侵途径和防护方法以及接地系统和屏蔽措施做一些介绍。  相似文献   

Quantitative comparison screening of seismological indexes and research on the integrated prediction method in North China     

CUI-YING ZHOU  YUAN-QING ZHU  HONG-WEI WANG  KAI-LI LIANG  PING LI  AI-XIANG GUO 《地震学报(英文版)》1999,12(2):232-237

parameters integrated predictionIn current earthquake prediction, seismological method is considered the first choice. According to rough statistics, there are over 100 seismological parameters used in earthquake prediction in China. That a great number of parameters could be chosen is more convenient, but also causes a lot of troubles at the same time. It is more difficult to decide which one is better among them. In the practical key problem and the 'Eighth Five-Year Plan' key problem on short-period earthquake prediction sponsored by China Seismological Bureau, most of the parameters have been evaluated on efficiency, but it is still not easy to decide which one can be given the priority and which one should be discarded, because the adopted data, the sample numbers and the evaluation criteria were not always consistent in these researches. Therefore, the first problem which the earthquake predictors are facing is how to select the best one from so many seismological parameters. In the past, most of the parameters were used in the seismic cases, but never used in the zone where no strong earthquakes occurred, in this way it is impossible to cast away 'false abnormality'. Furthermore, as the process of seismogeny is nonlinear and complicate, the non-uniqueness and uncertainty of the development process make the seismic precursors different in time, place and earthquake, which often causes false prediction when a single parameter is used. In order to solve the problem better, this paper attempts a new method comparison screening, to select seismological single parameter and to collect a comprehensive seismological parameter on this basis. The basic procedure may be summarized as follows: on the basis of reasonable normalization of various parameters, quantitative comparison screening of some basic seismological parameters by using the two sorts of samples from 'large-magnitude seismic zone' and 'no large-magnitude seismic zone' in North China is conducted, to obtain 'seismic abnormality' and 'aseismic normality' indexes, and then to synthesize these indexes with weighting method according to the strength of the earthquake information to obtain a integrated prediction index which is universal to predict the earthquakes in North China, and meanwhile develop a new seismological prediction method which is abbreviated as SQIP (seismological quantitative integrated prediction method).  相似文献   

云计算环境下震前震源异常次声波自动识别方法          下载免费PDF全文

乔红丽  张常在 《地震工程学报》2018,40(6):1331-1336

云计算下采用三点阵次声源定位方法,在自动识别震前震源次声波过程中不能自动筛选识别大量的异常次声波数据,导致震前监测准确度不高且效率低下。因此提出一种云计算环境下震前震源异常次声波自动识别方法,构建JNS异常次声波数据采集筛查模组,全天候实时扫描访问端口,快速反馈异常次声波数据,采用NDS异常次声波数据序列异常检测算法快速识别错误序阵,准确回查、定位和锁定异常次声波数据;利用震前震源异常次声波自动识别方法分类识别异常次声波信号,判断该信号是否是地震可疑信号。实验结果表明,所提方法可有效自动识别震前震源异常次声波信号类型,信号分类准确率最大值达到99.99%;多次识别耗时最大均值仅为1.3min,具有准确率高和效率快的优势。  相似文献   

防雷接地体性能改善及接地电阻分析计算   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

杨永龙  钱莉  王生元 《气象科技》2008,36(4):485-490

结合雷电防护工作中的经验和实例,分析防雷接地体的特性.结果表明:降低接地电阻,主要是通过降低接地体的接触电阻和散流电阻;增加接地体所围面积对接地电阻的减少有利;应充分考虑复合接地体形状和接地网内屏蔽效应对接地电阻的影响;接地体周围的土质、埋设深度和季节变化都影响土壤电阻率.接地极沿接地体网边缘设置,网内接地极要稀疏布设.接地极的长度一般不相等,常用接地体埋设深度在1.5～3.5 m之间,北方地区在冻土层以下.可采用性能稳定的降阻剂和在接地体周围更换土壤电阻率低的土质,要使接地电阻达到要求的同时减少成本.  相似文献   

Gamma-rays induction of mutation in conchocelis ofPorphyra yezoensis     

Wang Su-juan  Zheng Yuan-zhu  Ma Ling-bo  Xu Pu  Zhu Jian-yi 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2000,18(1):47-53

Free-living conchocelis ofPorphyra yezoensis Ueda (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) were treated with⁶⁰Co-γ rays of different doses (ranging from 100 Gy to 1000 Gy) to induce mutation. Most of the conchocelis maintained the capability of penetrating into shells, growing and forming colonies in shells, but their vitality was seriously impaired by the irradiation of γ-rays. A few conchocelis pigments were mutagenized directly into different color pigment mutants whose progeny-conchospores and foliose thalli had the same colors. However, some irradiated conchocelis did not show the change in color at the conchocelis stage. The pigment mutation could be observed only after the conchospores of these conchocelis had germinated into young foliose thalli. Irradiation of low dose (100 Gy) promoted the growth of thallus and many with altered morphology were observed. Conchospores of the irradiated conchocelis attached to the culture nets were cultured in the sea, and growth of these progenies was observed and measured.  相似文献   

国家管辖范围以外区域环境影响评价的筛选机制研究          下载免费PDF全文

肖成  张继伟  姜玉环  罗阳 《应用海洋学学报》2020,39(1):109-116

国家管辖范围以外区域(Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction,ABNJ)海洋生物多样性养护与可持续利用问题是当前国际社会共同关注的一个焦点。联合国大会2015年通过关于BBNJ(Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction)养护和可持续利用问题的69/292号决议,决定在《联合国海洋法公约》框架下制定具有法律约束力的新协定(BBNJ国际协议)。环境影响评价是BBNJ国际协议的重要组成部分。对ABNJ当前主要的人类活动以及现有环境管理机制进行梳理,结合国际层面和区域组织的环境影响评价框架以及主要国家的环境影响评价实践,对ABNJ主要人类活动的环境影响评价筛选机制进行研究,着重分析以“重大不利影响”作为环境影响评价的启动门槛的正当性;并从项目的选址、项目特征和项目影响这3个主要因素出发,阐明适用于ABNJ的环境影响评价筛选标准;最后,基于不同类型活动的综合分析,就ABNJ环境影响评价的适用活动范围进行初步探讨,并尝试为ABNJ环境影响评价适用的活动清单提出方案设想。  相似文献   

以斑马鱼为疾病模型的小分子药物筛选研究进展     

赵呈天  贾硕  张晓丽 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2019,(9):59-65

斑马鱼具有体积小,产卵量多,发育迅速,胚胎透明等特点,目前已成为一种非常重要的发育生物学模式动物。同时,斑马鱼胚胎体外发育,小分子化合物渗透性强,这些优势使其成为大规模小分子药物筛选的理想模型。近年来,随着以CRISPR/Cas9为代表的基因编辑技术的兴起,大量的转基因斑马鱼和突变体被构建出来,成为模拟人类疾病的良好模型,这些模型被广泛应用于药物筛选的多个方面。利用斑马鱼进行药物筛选,不仅具备高通量、低成本的优点,还能够比较准确的评估药物效果以及药物毒性。本文主要介绍了斑马鱼的特点以及其作为疾病模型在药物筛选中的应用,旨在帮助人们了解斑马鱼药物筛选的研究进展以及阐明斑马鱼在新药研发中的优势。  相似文献   

晚秋冷害概率预报方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

梁国坚  李君 《气象科技》2003,31(1):54-57

文章以历史天气图为基础，应用逐步筛滤和判别分析相结合的技术，建立了实用、精度较高的晚秋冷害概率预报可信度计算公式；结合数值预报产品，可制作延长时效的冷害预报。  相似文献   

四川杨柳坪Cu-Ni-PGE矿田区域地球化学异常特征     

赵传冬  成杭新  庄广民  刘应汉  陈德友 《地质与勘探》2005,41(5):53-57

在杨柳坪Cu-Ni-PGE矿田进行的1:20万水系沉积物测量表明,该矿床区域地球化学异常的指示元素有:Pt、Pd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Co、Ag、Cd、Sb、Pb和Zn,异常具有空间分带特征,即:从矿床向外的异常元素依次为Pd、Pt-Cr、Ni-Co、Cu-Cd、Ag-Zn-Pb、Sb.因此在筛选1:20万区域化探异常时,不但要考虑成矿元素的异常强度和规模,而且还要考虑其它指示元素的异常强度和规模.同时也说明1:20万水系沉积物测量可作为铂矿区域普查的有效方法.  相似文献