城市空间结构演变的空间过程和动力因子分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王开泳  王淑婧  薛佩华 《云南地理环境研究》2004,16(4):65-69

城市空间结构是城市地理学、城市规划学的核心研究内容之一。城市空间结构的演变作为一个十分复杂的社会现象，一直受到各方面学者的关注。通过着重分析城市空间结构演变的主要空间过程：空间竞争、空间演替、空间扩散、空间均衡等，并对这些空间经济过程做出横向分析，讨论城市空间结构与城市经济运行之间的内在联系。分析城市空间结构演变的主要动力因子：包括完善的服务和基础设施、土地集约利用、城市产业的人口需求等集聚因子和环境承载力、级差地租、现代技术的发展等离散因子，从而论证集聚力和离心力的交互作用对城市空间结构演变产生深刻影响。  相似文献   

A rural development strategy for the Apuseni Mountains, Romania     

Ioan Abrudan  David Turnock 《GeoJournal》1998,46(3):319-336

The Apuseni Mountains, part of the Western Carpathians, are distinctive in cultural terms because of the highly dispersed settlement patterns that have developed on the high erosion surfaces where the Moti people cleared the forests to allow for an expansion of family farming in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. These small ‘crang’ settlements remain, but the population is declining in the face of limited employment opportunities and poor services. The question arises as to the most appropriate rural development strategy for the region, following the communist period which encouraged centralisation through the provision of housing and industry in key villages and new towns. The emphasis on private farming and the expansion of tourism could protect the inherited cultural landscape but money must be found to improve rural services. There is also a strong conservation movement which supports the establishment of a national park, but this could constrain development through controls on grazing and woodcutting. Hence the dialogue continues to find the best compromise and the concept of a ‘natural park’ is being discussed with such a reconciliation in mind. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

The non-agricultural economy in post-socialist rural Romania: The insights and perceptions of national, regional and local institutions     

Wilfried Heller 《GeoJournal》1998,46(3):199-205

This study evaluates some aspects of the socio-economic transformation of rural Romania with reference to the views of representative organisations (at national, regional and local levels) and other experts. Interviews conducted in ten communes of nine Romanian counties (‘judete’) focus attention on the advantages and disadvantages of system change experienced since 1989; the most important problems and constraints for future socio-economic change; and appropriate policies and perspectives for development in the immediate future. Wherever appropriate the claims of interviewees are substantiated through reference to statistics, drawn in many cases from Chambers of Commerce & Industry (CCI). Local level representatives presented much more negative views on recent change than their national and regional level counterparts, but all agreed on the crucial problem of capital shortage. Thus while specific programmes to assist rural areas are justified, they cannot fully succeed until the national economy is able to grow more rapidly and attract greater foreign investment. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

包头市水资源系统经济效益分析     

邵景力  崔亚莉  李建萍  茅忠阳  段连钧 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1998,(3)

通过工业资料的统计,获得有关供水效益计算的参数。以效益分析和国民经济评价原理为基础,运用效益分摊系数法对全市工业供水效益分析,用投资净效益率法对现状和２０００年全市水资源系统进行了国民经济评价。结果表明,包头市水资源系统的经济效益明显。  相似文献   

The role of moral economy in two British Columbia fisheries: Confronting neoliberal policies     

《Marine Policy》2015

What have been the moral values and practices allowing equitable economic opportunities and a sense of fairness in North American small-scale fisheries? How have these “moral economies” been affected by neoliberal policies with their emphasis on efficiency, rational self-interest, and wealth accumulation? Focusing especially on the salmon and halibut fisheries in British Columbia, Canada, this discussion summarizes key findings on the manner in which small-scale fisheries and their moral practices tend to be marginalized and undervalued under neoliberal regimes. The paper considers the value of these moral economies for promoting social, economic, and ecological welfare as grounds for the expansion of small-scale fisheries.  相似文献   

黄河流域夜间灯光数据与社会经济发展指标的时空耦合关系研究     

张远生  曹智伟  韦蔚  胡洁 《测绘通报》2021,(10):20-27

本文通过对1992—2013年全国夜间灯光数据的校正和处理,获得全国及流域夜间灯光数据影像,进行经济空间聚合分析,以及与相关因子进行对比分析。研究结果表明：经济空间聚合高的区域分布在黄河河道附近,从黄河上游到下游,热力强度逐渐增强,并且以省会城市为核心区向外扩散,即呈现为在旧聚合点聚合度加剧的情况下,聚合区域有向周边分散的趋势;夜间灯光数据的变化趋势与GDP的变化趋势具有一定的相似性,并且与城镇化率、人口数量、第三产比例、人均公园绿地面积、流域发展指数（BDI）具有一定的相关性;流域9省（自治区）的夜间灯光数据整体变化趋势与全国灯光数据的变化趋势基本一致,呈稳定上升的趋势,但整体值均低于全国的夜间灯光数据,并且差距有所扩大,黄河流域高质量发展迫在眉睫。  相似文献   

Education for development, CD for Peace: Producing the “globally competitive” child     

Andrew Boulton 《Geoforum》2010,41(2):329-336

This paper is set against the backdrop of an increasingly pervasive discursive coupling of peace with development, and of extremism with underdevelopment. An evolving knowledge economy discourse casts education as both a key determinant of economic development, and as a crucial tool in the battle for “hearts and minds” in a global war against terrorism and extremism. Education for development, and education as anti-extremism are the twin goals of the Filipino CD for Peace - a contribution to the UN-backed International Power Users of ICT (Information Communication Technology) Symposium. In this paper, I examine the ways in which this youth Symposium feeds into and mobilizes powerful logics around the links between education and development/counterterrorism. My argument is that education for development, and one of its articulations, the CD for Peace, are undergirded by and reproduce neoliberal development logics in several overlapping respects. I illustrate the ways in which the language of connection and collaboration reproduces a distinct rationality related both to the transformative potential of (private investment in) ICT and to the production of particular kinds of subjectivities: youth as connected, informed, economically valuable global citizens beyond the reach of extremists. The Power Users project works to (re)construct teenagers as “gurus”; conflict (and poverty, and terrorism) becomes solvable through education and ICT. I show how knowledge economy discourse powerfully constructs youth as learning subjects who come to imagine their own roles and identities in specifically neoliberal ways: not only as learners, but also as advocates for this nexus of technology, education, development and peace.  相似文献   

‘Unionising’ the new spaces of the new economy? Alternative labour organising in India’s IT Enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing industry     

Al James  Bhaskar Vira 《Geoforum》2010,41(3):364-376

This paper explores the lived experiences and aspirational social constructions of call centre work and employment in India’s high profile IT Enabled Services-Business Process Outsourcing (ITES-BPO) industry; the ways in which they differ from those previously documented amongst call centre workers in the Global North (specifically the UK); and the consequences of that geographical reconfiguration of offshored call centre work for the replicability in India of workplace collective bargaining strategies successfully developed in some UK call centres. These issues are analysed using new empirical evidence from a regional survey of 511 non-unionised ITES-BPO workers and 42 in-depth interviews in India’s National Capital Region. Based on this analysis, the paper then discusses the operation, outcomes and ongoing challenges faced by the newly formed ‘Union for ITES Professionals’ (UNITES Pro) in developing an alternative occupational organising model better suited to the particular needs, motivations and preferences of India’s young, mobile, call centre workers. The empirical analysis presented in the paper is located, therefore, within wider debates on the role of geographical context in shaping possibilities for organising white-collar service workers at different ends of global service chains in the new economy.  相似文献   

粤港澳大湾区港口供应链优化研究          下载免费PDF全文

王圣 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(2):39-47

为充分发挥粤港澳大湾区港口的竞争优势,促进港口经济的协调发展,文章基于粤港澳大湾区主要港口的实际情况,构建供应链博弈模型并进行数值仿真,研究相关因素对深圳港和香港港绩效的影响。研究结果表明:随着商品价格和库存成本的提高,货物从深圳港向香港港转移,但转移幅度逐渐趋缓;深圳港在中低端商品的货源收集方面具有明显的竞争优势,而香港港对高端商品的吸引力更强;货运结构逐渐向中高端商品过渡对于提高港口收益具有促进作用,其中深圳港应通过降低商品库存成本而降低经营风险;深中通道和港珠澳大桥通车有效缩短腹地运输时间,对于绝大部分商品价格和库存成本组合都将提高粤港澳大湾区港口的总收益。  相似文献   

海洋科技创新与海洋经济发展的协调关系及其影响机理研究          下载免费PDF全文

屈莉莉  汪心怡  马艺娜 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(2):48-56

为深入揭示海洋科技创新与海洋经济发展的协调关系及其影响机理,促进我国海洋科技和海洋经济的高质量和可持续发展,文章构建海洋科技创新和海洋经济发展2个系统的评价指标体系,以辽宁为实例,利用协调度模型分析二者的协调度及其演化趋势,进一步利用结构方程模型构建海洋科技创新影响海洋经济发展的驱动路径,以此分析其影响因素和影响效应,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明:1997-2016年辽宁海洋科技创新与海洋经济发展的协调关系分为中度失调衰退、严重失调衰退、中度协调发展和良好协调发展4个主要阶段;海洋科技创新通过海洋资源水平、海洋经济规模和海洋经济结构对海洋经济发展产生直接效应,同时通过海洋经济规模对地区经济发展产生间接效应,即海洋科技创新对海洋经济发展和地区经济发展均产生显著的促进作用;未来应统筹海洋科技与海洋经济的协调发展,扩大海洋科技的投入和产出,积极培育海洋科研人才和新兴海洋产业,注重提高对外开放程度和发展港口经济。  相似文献