Vertical distribution of bacteria and archaea in a CO2-rich meromictic lake: A case study of Lake Monoun     

《Limnologica》2016

In order to assess the diversity and spatial distribution of bacterial and archaeal communities in a CO₂-rich and meromictic lake, samples were collected along the water column of Lake Monoun and analyzed using PCR-DGGE and quantitative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene. The retrieved sequences were affiliated to 6 bacterial phyla and two archaeal phyla which plausible environmental functions map with the physico-chemical parameters of the lake. Unclassified sequences were also detected. This suggests heterogeneity in community composition and existence of potential candidate divisions. For instance, amongst the bacterial sequences, 18.2% matched with methanotrophic bacteria of the order methylococcales and amongst the archaeal sequences, 16.6% matched with methanogenic species of the order methanomicrobiales. Hence, evidencing the existence of methane-related prokaryotes in the lake, a finding that would play a key role in our understanding of the methane puzzle of Lake Monoun. Other groups capable of a wide range of metal and nutrients transformations were also detected, as well as those of unknown functions. The layering of microbial communities also appeared to directly or indirectly depend on oxygen availability. DGGE and qPCR analyses both suggested a scarcity of archaea in the surface samples. Furthermore, qPCR revealed that bacteria were numerically more important than archaea in all the samples. The general distribution along the water column indicated that archaeal abundance increases with depth.  相似文献   

Evaluation of geochemical behavior and heavy metal distribution of sediments：The case study of the Tirumalairajan river estuary,southeast coast of India     

Senapathi VENKATRAMANAN  Sang-yong CHUNG  Thirunavukkarasu RAMKUMAR  Gopalakrishnan GNANACHANDRASAMY  Tae Hyung KIM 《国际泥沙研究》2015,(1):28-38

The purpose of this study was to assess the chemical partitioning of selected heavy metals(Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Co and Ni) in 10 surface sediments at Tirumalairajan River Estuary in the southeastern coast of India.A five-step sequential extraction technique was used to assess the environmental status of heavy metals.Most of metals were considered to be immobile due to the high availability in the residual fraction of heavy metals.The sediments of Tirumalairajan River estuary had not been polluted by heavy metals,and they didn’t pose any high ecological risk.The seasonal variations of heavy metals were slightly higher in summer than in monsoon season.Factor analysis was also carned out to understand the associations of metals in different fractions with sand,silt,clay,organic matter,pH,salinity and other metals.The relationship between the Q-mode and R-mode cluster analyses was useful for identifying the pollution levels in both seasons.It was proved that the enrichment of heavy metals was related with geogenic and anthropogenic sources.The information on total metal concentrations in sediments was not sufficient for assessing the metal behavior in the environment,but the sequential extraction technique was more effective in estimating the environmental impact of contaminated sediments.  相似文献   

祁连山疏勒河上游芨芨草根际可培养细菌群落特征研究     

杨秀丽  张宝贵  张威  刘光琇  陈拓  薛林贵 《冰川冻土》2014,36(1):222-229

以疏勒河上游不同海拔芨芨草根际土壤样品为研究对象,研究了不同海拔土样中细菌分布特征及其影响因素. 结果表明：研究区域芨芨草根际土壤可培养细菌种群密度变化范围为1.7×10⁷~10.8×10⁷ CFU·g^-1,平均值为6.4×10⁷ CFU·g^-1,随海拔的升高呈先下降后上升的趋势;可培养细菌数量与土壤全氮、脲酶、蔗糖酶含量呈极显著正相关关系,与有机碳、磷酸酶含量呈显著正相关关系;同时,pH值也是影响细菌数量与多样性的一个重要因素. 通过16S rDNA基因测序及构建系统发育树,研究区域可培养细菌归类为15个属,其中芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属为优势菌属.  相似文献   

水产品鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)细菌多样性及优势微生物分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

翁佩芳  李微微  吴祖芳  周秀锦  陈树兵  张静娇 《海洋与湖沼》2013,44(3):788-795

为研究鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)在不同冻藏时期的优势微生物,并且得到一个较全面的细菌群落组成结构,采用16SrDNA基因克隆文库及克隆子分析等方法,分别对冻藏1d、8d和20d条件下鲐鱼鳃体系中的细菌种群多样性、优势微生物及其中产组胺菌的变化进行分析。结果表明,不同时期鲐鱼鳃内的细菌多样性均较强;冻藏1天的鳃体系中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)占优势为总数的77.5%,产组胺细菌如泛菌属(Pantoea)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)较少;第8天优势细菌种群是梭杆菌属(Fusobacteria bacterium)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),而产组胺菌如发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)和弧菌属(Vibrio)较前期数量有所增加;冻藏到第20天的优势种群为哈夫尼菌属(Hafnia)和沙雷菌属(Serratia),它们均是产组胺的菌群。鲐鱼中细菌多样性及其优势微生物的变化等全面信息可为了解鲐鱼水产品组胺发生的微生物机制及其控制方法提供重要依据。  相似文献   

长松藻ITS序列特征及其系统进化分析     

张磊  刘翠  池姗  封艳静  谢恩义  孙琰  刘涛 《海洋湖沼通报》2013,(2)

采用PCR扩增的方法获得了第一个松藻目物种长松藻(Codium cylindricum)的ITS序列,长松藻ITS全长515bp,其中ITS1的长度为74bp,5.8S序列长163bp,ITS2的长度为278bp.与已知的绿藻门其它5个目8个属物种的ITS序列的系统发育分析结果表明,绿藻门物种分为三大支,其中团藻目藻类为一支,松藻目和刚毛藻目藻类为一支,石莼目、顶管藻目和丝藻目藻类构成一大支;长松藻与刚毛藻目的刚毛藻属和硬毛藻属物种同为多核藻体,在系统发生上表现出更近的亲缘关系;不同绿藻目海藻的聚类关系表明,其能够准确地反映出其在单核与多核、单细胞与多细胞等生物结构特性方面的差异与水平.  相似文献   

Identification of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri)     

GUO Huihui  BAO Zhenmin  DU Huixia  ZHANG Lingling  WANG Shi  SUN Luyang  MOU Xiaoyu  HU Xiaoli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):97-102

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily is one of the membership largest and function most diverse protein superfamily recogniozed among living beings. Members of this superfamily were further assigned to different families and subfamilies based on their amino acid similarities. According to their phylogenetic relationships, the CYP genes which likely diverged from common ancestor gene and may share common functions were grouped into one clan. Widely distributing scallops are a group of the most conspicuous bivalve; however the studies on their CYP is acarce. In this study, we searched the genome and expressed sequence tags of Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) for CYP genes. In total, 88 non-redundant CYP were identified, which were homed in 13 CYPs gene families. Phylogenetic analysis divided these genes into 4 CYP clans. As in deuterostomes, Clan 2 was the largest, which contained 33 genes belonging to CYP1, CYP2, CYP17 and CYP356 families. Clan 3 contgained 19 genes belonging to CYP3, CYP5 and CYP30 families. Clan 4 contained 23 genes, all belonging to CYP4 family. The mitochondrial CYP clan contained 9 genes belonging to CYP10 and CYP24 families. In comparison, protostomes (C. farreri, D. pluex, D. melanogaster) contained more CYP genes than deuterostomes (S. purpuratus and vertebrates) in Clan 2 but less genes in Clan 3 and Clan 4. Our findings will aid to deciphering CYP function and evolution in scallops and bivalves.  相似文献   

柄海鞘共附生细菌的分离培养与系统发育多样性研究     

苗婷婷  邢翔  杜宗军  陈冠军 《海洋科学进展》2012,30(1):111-118

通过纯培养和16SrRNA基因序列的相似性比对,并构建系统发育树对威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌的多样性进行了研究。用2216E培养基从柄海鞘样品中分离到78株细菌,通过形态学特征和TCBS培养基选择性筛选后,选取30株具有代表性的菌株进行了16SrRNA基因测序和基于16SrRNA基因序列的系统发育多样性分析。结果表明,30株菌株分别属于细菌域的4个系统发育类群(Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Gro-teobacteria)的11个科,11个属。根据16SrRNA基因序列,大多数菌株与其系统发育关系最密切的模式菌株之间存在一定的遗传差异(16SrRNA基因序列相似性为91.82%～98.93%)。其中菌株HQW7,HQYD1,HQWD4,HQE1和HQE2与相关模式菌株的16SrRNA基因最高相似度仅分别为91.82%,92.51%,92.99%,93.52%,93.87%,这5株菌可能代表新的分类单元。威海海域柄海鞘共附生细菌存在着较为丰富的物种多样性和系统发育多样性,并可能存在新的物种。  相似文献   

Diversity and bioactivity of actinomycetes from marine sediments of the Yellow Sea     

Shumin Zhang  Liang Ye  Xuexi Tang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):59-64

Among the 116 actinomycetes collected from marine sediments of the Yellow Sea,56 grew slowly and appeared after 2?3 weeks of incubation.Among the 56 strains,only 3 required seawater(SW) for growth,and 21 grew well in the medium prepared with SW rather than distilled water(DW),while the remaining 32 grew well either with SW or with DW.Six representatives with different morphological characteristics,including 1 SW-requiring strain and 5 well-growing with SW strains,were selected for phy-logenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene.Two strains belong to Micrococcaceae and Nocardiopsaceae respectively.The other 4 strains belong to the family of Streptomycetaceae.In the analyzed 6 strains,one was related to Nocardiopsis spp.and the other three were related to Streptomyces spp.,representing new taxa.Bioactivity testing of fermentation products from 3 SW-requiring strains and 21 well-growing with SW strains revealed that 17 strains possessed remarkable activities against gram-positive pathogen or/and tumor cells,suggesting that they were prolific resources for natural drug discovery.  相似文献   

福建漳浦前湖湾晚更新世的孢粉组合及其古环境意义     

吴彩容  刘剑秋  王绍鸿  俞鸣同 《福建地理》2008,(1):1-7

从孢粉角度对漳浦前湖湾古森林遗迹分布区所在的剖面QHP和钻孔QHZ～1的第四纪沉积物进行系统的分析．经过孢粉种属鉴定、孢粉浓度的统计,木本、草本、蕨类、藻类以及各科属孢粉百分比的不同,划分出7个孢粉组合带,剖面QHP自下而上为组合带Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ,其中组合带Ⅲ推知属晚更新世的中期产物,组合带Ⅱ属晚更新世中期接近晚期的产物,组合带Ⅰ属晚更新世晚期的产物;钻孔QHZ-1自下而上为组合带Ⅳ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ,其中组合带Ⅳ推知属晚更新世的早期的产物,组合带Ⅲ是一过渡层,组合带Ⅱ推知属晚更新世的中期的产物,组合带Ⅰ推知属晚更新世晚期的产物,而组合带Ⅰ以上的层位是全新世以来的产物．结合^14C测年和沉积地层岩性等资料,得出该地区晚更新世以来沉积环境及其古气候演化的4次变迁过程：晚更新世早期的寒冷干燥;晚更新世中期的温和热湿,期间发生2次明显的海侵事件;晚更新世晚期过渡到全新世的冷暖干湿的动荡期;全新世以来与现代气候较为接近的气候．  相似文献   

Trend analyses with river sediment rating curves          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathan A. Warrick 《水文研究》2015,29(6):936-949

Sediment rating curves, which are fitted relationships between river discharge (Q) and suspended‐sediment concentration (C), are commonly used to assess patterns and trends in river water quality. In many of these studies, it is assumed that rating curves have a power‐law form (i.e. C = aQ^b, where a and b are fitted parameters). Two fundamental questions about the utility of these techniques are assessed in this paper: (i) how well to the parameters, a and b, characterize trends in the data, and (ii) are trends in rating curves diagnostic of changes to river water or sediment discharge? As noted in previous research, the offset parameter, a, is not an independent variable for most rivers but rather strongly dependent on b and Q. Here, it is shown that a is a poor metric for trends in the vertical offset of a rating curve, and a new parameter, â, as determined by the discharge‐normalized power function [C = â (Q/Q_GM)^b], where Q_GM is the geometric mean of the Q‐values sampled, provides a better characterization of trends. However, these techniques must be applied carefully, because curvature in the relationship between log(Q) and log(C), which exists for many rivers, can produce false trends in â and b. Also, it is shown that trends in â and b are not uniquely diagnostic of river water or sediment supply conditions. For example, an increase in â can be caused by an increase in sediment supply, a decrease in water supply or a combination of these conditions. Large changes in water and sediment supplies can occur without any change in the parameters, â and b. Thus, trend analyses using sediment rating curves must include additional assessments of the time‐dependent rates and trends of river water, sediment concentrations and sediment discharge. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Hydrological Processes published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献