Importance of feeding on regenerable parts of prey for juvenile stone flounder Platichthys bicoloratus in estuarine habitats   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Takeshi Tomiyama  Satoshi Katayama  Michio Omori  Hitoshi Honda 《Journal of Sea Research》2005,53(4):297-308

Prey availability is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of nursery grounds. Estuaries play an important role as nursery grounds for juvenile stone flounder, but the mechanism behind the consistently high availability of prey has never been examined. This study investigates which prey is mainly selected by juvenile stone flounder (15–55 mm standard length) in the estuary of the Natori River, northern Japan. In a cage experiment, juveniles showed positive selection for the palps of the spionid polychaete Pseudopolydora kempi in March, and for the siphons of the bivalve Nuttallia olivacea in April, May and June in both sandy and muddy-sand habitats. This selective predation showed that sublethal predation on regenerable parts of invertebrates is important for stone flounder. Nuttallia olivacea, the dominant bivalve in the estuary, was more abundant and in better somatic condition in the sandy area in spite of the stronger siphon-cropping pressure by juvenile stone flounder. These results confirm that sublethal predation on highly abundant benthos plays an important role in forming estuarine habitats into areas of high prey availability for juvenile stone flounder, which leads to their high growth rate.  相似文献   

The Effects of Altering Seagrass Canopy Height on Small, Motile Invertebrates of Shallow Mediterranean Embayments     

R. M. Connolly  A. J. Butler 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(4):637-652

Abstract. The height of seagrass canopy was manipulated in experimental plots in meadows of the fine-leaves seagrass Cymodocea nodosa at two sites in the Mediterranean Sea, la Lagune du Brusc, Iles des Embiez near Toulon, and I'Etang de Diana on Corsica. Epifauna (small motile invertebrates associated with the seagrass canopy or sediment surface), was collected at night at both sites, and during the day at Diana only, from three treatments: full seagrass canopy, reduced canopy, and canopy removed entirely. Although epifaunal assemblages from the two sites were different, treatment modification had the same effect at both sites when analysed using multivariate ordinations. Abundance and biomass of total epifauna and of key taxa were all reduced in line with decreasing seagrass cover at both sites at night. The effects of treatment modification on epifauna during the day showed the same trend but were of greater magnitude, both for assemblages and for total abundance and biomass. At both sites and at both times, the fauna of plots from which seagrass had been cut tended to be dominated by animals of higher biomass than the fauna of plots with full canopy. Epifauna form the major dietary component of small fish inhabiting shallow, sheltered embayments. These results are therefore consistent with a model in which reduced abundance of fish associated with reduced seagrass canopy is explained by a reduction in food availability.  相似文献   

How the pollution stress acting on the phytoplankton populations——an observation by the experimental enclosed ecosystem     

Tang Senming  Hou Shumin 《海洋学报(英文版)》1995,14(4):563-568

Ｈｏｗ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｓｔｒｅｓｓ　ａｃｔｉｎｇ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｈｙｔｏｐｌａｎｋｔｏｎ　ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ　──ａｎ　ｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ　ｂｙ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｅｎｃｌｏｓｅｄ　ｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍＴａｎｇＳ...  相似文献   

Are multispecies models an improvement on single-species models for measuring fishing impacts on marine ecosystems?   总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7  

Hollowed  Anne B.; Bax  Nicholas; Beamish  Richard; Collie  Jeremy; Fogarty  Michael; Livingston  Patricia; Pope  John; Rice  Jake C. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(3):707-719

  相似文献   

Relevance of cod (Gadus morhua L.) predation for inter-cohort variability in mortality of juvenile Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus L.)     

de Barros  Pedro; Tirasin  E. Mumtaz; Toresen  Reidar 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(3):454-466

  相似文献   

The significance and prediction of predation in marine fisheries   总被引：11，自引：6，他引：5  

Bax  N. J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(6):997-1030

  相似文献   

Demersal fishing disturbance increases predation risk for whelks (Buccinum undatum L.)     

Kirsten Ramsay  Michel J. Kaiser 《Journal of Sea Research》1998,39(3-4)

Field observations by divers indicated that a high rate of predation of whelks (Buccinum undatum) by starfish (Asterias rubens) occurred in an area disturbed by scallop dredging, although these whelks mostly appeared to be alive and externally undamaged. The ability of whelks to escape from starfish was tested in the laboratory after they were dropped or rolled to simulate direct physical contact with bottom fishing gear. Dropping whelks did not significantly affect their escape behaviour, but whelks which had been rolled took significantly longer to right themselves and were significantly less likely to perform an escape response than whelks that had not experienced this treatment. This study suggests that demersal fishing may indirectly increase whelk mortality by increasing their risk of predation.  相似文献   

Differential feeding rates of native and alien predators on the invasive Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia (Benson in cantor, 1842) in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon     

Serenella Cabiddu  Pierantonio Addis  Francesco Palmas  Antonio Pusceddu 《Marine Ecology》2023,44(1):e12738

The alien Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia inhabits several coastal environments worldwide. This species can form dense mats where individuals attach through byssus threads, thus altering the structure, functioning and biodiversity of the native communities. We investigated the feeding preference of different predators on this alien species in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon. To do this, a mesocosm experiment was conducted using two crab species (the Mediterranean green crab Carcinus aestuarii) and the Say mud crab Dyspanopeus sayi, and one gastropod, the banded dye-murex Hexaplex trunculus as predators of A. senhousia with or without byssus mats. Our data suggest that C. aestuarii is a more effective predator against A. senhousia than D. sayi, and that H. trunculus is almost ineffective. A possible implication of this result is the potential use of the native crab C. aestuarii for limit the formation of the byssus mats, thus mitigating their potential negative effects on the native communities.  相似文献   

The gastropod genus Thalassocyon Barnard, 1960     

A. G. Beu 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3):445-452

The tonnacean genus Thalassocyon Barnard, 1960 contains only two species, T. bonus Barnard, 1960 from deep water off South Africa and T. mi Dell, 1967 from deep water off northern New Zealand. The genus is removed from the Cymatiidae and placed in the Ficidae on the basis of shell morphology, the reduced periostracum and the details of the radula.  相似文献   

Altered mayfly distribution due to strong interactions with alien rainbow trout in Andean streams of Patagonia     

Ricardo Javier Albariño  Leonardo Mario Buria 《Limnologica》2011,41(3):220-227

Nesameletidae is a Southern Hemisphere ephemeropteran family with large-bodied nymphs that are swimming grazers, traits that make aquatic invertebrates vulnerable to visual predators. Metamonius anceps is the sole representative of this family in South America and its present known distribution along the Southern Andes is mostly restricted to headwater streams, usually with clear and well-oxygenated waters.We analyzed their spatial distribution in relation to the presence of the exotic predator rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which is the only fish species in many small Andean Patagonia streams. We measured mayfly abundance in the benthos and drift in reaches with and without fish (the latter being reaches upstream of waterfalls that prevent trout access) in three catchments of Nahuel Huapi Lake basin at the Nahuel Huapi National Park, Argentina. We compared nymphal abundance and body size at the habitat scale and at the reach scale, and nymphal presence and body size in trout diet.A multivariate analysis of physical stream features showed that habitat/reaches with and without fish had similar abiotic characteristics. In no fish sites, nymph density ranged between 44 and 180 m⁻² while in fish sites they were 0–3 m⁻². In one stream nymphs drifted mainly during the day and ∼400 indiv. day⁻¹ were estimated to enter the site with fish. However no nymphs were collected drifting 200 m below the waterfall (the reach with fish). Observations on the diet of rainbow trout also supported the ongoing strong interaction between this mayfly and the trout. M. anceps is a highly vulnerable prey as no permanent populations were found in study reaches with the exotic predator established. Our study emphasizes the potential of natural physical barriers to stop invasive fish having access to headwaters allowing them to harbour natural populations of the most trout-susceptible species supporting pristine ecosystem conditions.  相似文献