Meiobenthic Organisms as Indicators of Mixing Processes in the Baltic Surface Sediments*     

Janusz Pempkowiak  Joanna Kozuch  Maria Szymelfenig 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(1-3):175-179

Abstract. Two sediment cores were collected in the southern Baltic Sea and sliced into 1.0cm-thick layers. Sediments of each layer were analysed for activities of ²¹⁰Pb, ¹³⁷Cs, ¹³⁴Cs and for the density of meiobenthic organisms (meiofauna). Zones with the rapid mixing occur in the uppermost layers (0–3 cm) of the cores based on ^I34Cs profiles. The extent and density of meiofauna confirmed the rapid mixing and revealed layers with slow mixing (4–8 cm). Sedimentation rates were derived from ²¹⁰Pb profiles below the mixing zones (1.21 and 1.72 mm a-^I) and were confumed by ¹³⁷Cs distribution. Of twenty-one major meiofauna taxa commonly found in the Baltic sediments, three were present in the cores.  相似文献   

一种提高粘土矿物去除赤潮生物能力的新方法   总被引：36，自引：7，他引：36  

俞志明  邹景忠  马锡年 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(2):226-232

在研究粘土颗粒与赤潮生物絮凝作用的基础上，建立了粘土表面改性对其絮凝作用影响的理论模型，认为改变粘土颗粒的表面性质提高其去除赤潮生物能力的主要途径，提出在粘土中引入ＰＡＣＳ（聚羟基氯化铝）的改性方法。结果表明，对于微型原甲藻（Ｐｒｏｒｏ－ｃｅｎｔｒｕｍ ｍｉｎｉｍｕｎ）体系，粘土中引入微量ＰＡＣＳ后，其去除率达９０％以上的高岭土用量由原来的２ｇ／Ｌ降至０．１ｇ／Ｌ，去除效率提高近２０倍。考察了ＰＡ  相似文献   

Biokarst on Limestone Coasts, Morphogenesis and Sediment Production   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jürgen  Schneider Horst  Torunski 《Marine Ecology》1983,4(1):45-63

Abstract. Biokarst-forms on limestone coasts are developed and arranged according to the bionomic zonation. The development of biokarst is the result of bioerosion, a synergistic effect of biological corrosion by endoliths and biological abrasion by grazers.
The cumulative effect of biogenic carbonate destruction leads to coastal destruction with a resulting highly profiled morphology on the limestone surfaces along the coastal profile. Under the influence of environmental factors a zonation of organisms develops which brings in turn a zonation of erosion rates (0.1-1.1 mm a^-1) resulting in biokarst-forms such as rock holes, rock pools and notches.
Products of bioerosion on limestone coasts are dissolved carbonate (by biological corrosion, 10–30% of the decomposed limestone) and particulate carbonate (by biological abrasion, 70–90% of the decomposed limestone) both of which contribute directly or indirectly to nearshore sedimentation. Size and shape of the bioerosional grains are determined by the boring pattern of the endoliths. The fine-grained sediments (maximum within the fraction 20–63 μm) contribute 3–25 % to the nearshore sediments.
Drastic changes in the biological zonation (like the mass invasion of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus in the Northern Adriatic since 1972 which eliminated nearly the entire macrophyte zone) due to unknown factors or pollution can have a profound effect on the bioerosion rates, altering them by as much as a factor of ten.  相似文献   

青岛地区的台风暴潮与潮灾   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李培顺 《海洋预报》1994,11(4):47-51

本文分析了青岛沿海地区的台风暴潮灾害状况，给出了潮位与海浪的联合作用对灾的影响关系式，提出了今后风暴潮预报的思路。  相似文献   

琼州海峡岸礁潮间带生物   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

王丽荣  陈锐球  赵焕庭 《台湾海峡》2003,22(3):286-294

本文记录了2000年7月琼州海峡西口雷州半岛灯楼角珊瑚岸礁调查采集的25种造礁石珊瑚，以及栖息于湖间带的7类39科88种底栖生物，其大多数种类属于印度-西太平洋热带区系。优势类群是软体动物和节肢动物。珊瑚礁段底栖生物的平均生物量、栖息密度和多样性值分别为1173．30g／m^2，790．0个／m^2和5．69，由于造礁石珊瑚的存在为其他底栖生物提供了良好的生态环境，从而丰富了本区底栖生物的种类组成、数量、分布和群落结构。  相似文献   

Biochemical Mechanism of the Eutrophication and Its Prevention—the Deep Treatment of Waste Water and Its Denitrification and Dephosphorization     

李红山  黎松强 《海洋通报(英文版)》2003,5(1):32-39

Biochemical mechanism of forming the red tide is discussed in this paper.The existence of a large number of nitrates and phosphates in the eutrophic water is the prerequisite of explosive increase of algae and the forming of red tide.Reduction of eutrophication is an important approach to preventing the red tide.The method of deep treatment of the waste water and its denitrification and dephosphorization are introduced,and a new opinion on the red tide formation and fundamental prevention is put forward.  相似文献   

近海污损生物的调查方法     

严文侠  董钰  王华接  严岩  严涛  梁冠和 《热带海洋学报》1994,(4)

近海海区污损生物调查有浮标挂板法和海上设施（浮标及其锚碇系统，Ｍａｒｅｘ水文浮标，移动式钻井平台和固定式生产平台）采样法。由于近海海区污损生物调查工作的特殊性和艰难性，笔者提出了利用已有的海上设施，尤其是固定式平台来积累近海污损生物资料，以便进行生态学研究。  相似文献   

杰氏风暴潮预报方法在珠海及粤西海域的应用     

魏晓宇  窦金来  黄根华  周求赞  陈强  王欣睿 《台湾海峡》2007,26(2):197-203

本文通过杰氏风暴潮预报方法对历史上给珠海和粤西海域造成较大影响的台风增水事件进行后报试验,并通过统计分析方法对原有的预报公式进行订正,总结出适合珠海及粤西海域的风暴潮预报公式.利用5a的时间对珠海及粤西海域的台风增水进行试报,结果表明预报准确率分别达95.0%和87.6%,尤其对一些增水较大、影响较严重的台风增水预报相对更加准确,预报准确率均达90.0%以上.这说明订正后的公式对珠海及粤西海域的风暴潮预报能得到较好的预报效果.  相似文献   

多种数字海洋地理环境信息的融合与可视化的局部实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾俊涛  翟京生  吴中鼎  钱成春  陈淼  孟婵媛 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(1):111-116

以潮汐、潮流和海浪数值的计算技术和数字海底地形模型的构造方法为基础,应用层次细节模型和三维渲染技术,完成了近岸海洋环境保障的多种数字海洋地理环境信息的融合与可视化的局部实现,为今后此领域的研究提供了理论和经验基础。  相似文献   

Ocean tide loading (OTL) displacements from global and local grids: comparisons to GPS estimates over the shelf of Brittany, France   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stavros A. Melachroinos  R. Biancale  M. Llubes  F. Perosanz  F. Lyard  M. Vergnolle  M. -N. Bouin  F. Masson  J. Nicolas  L. Morel  S. Durand 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(6):357-371

In this paper we examine OTL displacements detected by GPS stations of a dedicated campaign and validate ocean tide models. Our area of study is the continental shelf of Brittany and Cotentin in France. Brittany is one of the few places in the world where tides provoke loading displacements of ∼10–12 cm vertically and a few cm horizontally. Ocean tide models suffer from important discrepancies in this region. Seven global and regional ocean tide models were tested: FES2004 corrected for K2, TPXO.7.0, TPXO.6.2, GOT00.2, CSR4.0, NAO.99b and the most recent regional grids of the North East Atlantic (NEA2004). These gridded amplitudes and phases of ocean tides were convolved in order to get the predicted OTL displacements using two different algorithms. Data over a period of 3.5 months of 8 GPS campaign stations located on the north coast of Brittany are used, in order to evaluate the geographical distribution of the OTL effect. We have modified and implemented new algorithms in our GPS software, GINS 7.1. GPS OTL constituents are estimated based on 1-day batch solutions. We compare the observed GPS OTL constituents of M₂, S₂, N₂ and K₁ waves with the selected ocean tide models on global and regional grids. Large phase-lag and amplitude discrepancies over 20° and 1.5 cm in the vertical direction in the semi-diurnal band of M₂ between predictions and GPS/models are detected in the Bay of Mont St-Michel. From a least squares spectral analysis of the GPS time-series, significant harmonic peaks in the integer multiples of the orbital periods of the GPS satellites are observed, indicating the existence of multipath effects in the GPS OTL constituents. The GPS OTL observations agree best with FES2004, NEA2004, GOT00.2 and CSR4.0 tide models.  相似文献