Impacts of Sediment Burial on Mangroves     

Joanna C. Ellison 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,37(8-12):420-426

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Causes and Consequences of Mangrove Deforestation in the Volta Estuary, Ghana: Some Recommendations for Ecosystem Rehabilitation     

J. A. Rubin  C. Gordon  J. K. Amatekpor 《Marine pollution bulletin》1999,37(8-12):441-449

The damming of the Volta River has resulted in reduced flooding and an increase in mangrove cutting, due to the virtual collapse of agriculture and fishing in the estuary. Another ecological consequence of the reduced level of flooding has been reduced dispersal of seedlings of the principal mangrove Rhizophora racemosa. Therefore, after cutting of this species, recolonisation is either by conspecifics growing at very high densities or by one of a number of weed species. Environmental data collected in the vicinity of the mangroves and each of the weed species have enabled suggestions to be made as to whether R. racemosa or Avicennia africana would be the more suitable mangrove to replant. Recommendations have also been made to introduce the palm Nypa fruticans to the area, together with the development of nature-based tourism, both of which would provide alternative means of income generation, thereby reducing the need to cut remaining mangroves.  相似文献   

武汉月湖水生植被重建过程中浮游植物的动态变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邓平  马建敏  吴晓辉  高云霓  成水平  贺锋  吴振斌 《湖泊科学》2007,19(5):552-557

2004年12月-2005年5月武汉市月湖水生植被重建过程中,对浮游植物进行逐月调查.结果表明,在营养盐浓度较高的条件下,浮游植物仍保持较低的生物量和密度,浮游植物的生长与温度保持一定的相关性,但与湖水营养盐浓度并不存在相关关系.菹草和伊乐藻能使水体的透明度保持较高的状态.浮游植物主要由隐藻和硅藻组成,能形成水华的一些常见种类并未随温度升高而出现,可能与这两种沉水植物的存在改变了浮游植物的群落结构有关.因此,在水温较低的冬季和春季进行水生植被重建是富营养化湖泊治理的有效途径.  相似文献   

Full-scale hybrid test for realistic verification of a seismic upgrading technique of RC frames by BRBs     

Yi Qie  Francesca Barbagallo  Edoardo M. Marino  Chunbo Du  Tao Wang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(14):1452-1472

Scientific research proposing any type of device/technique for seismic protection of buildings is generally based on numerical models that adopt simplifications to make possible extensive analyses. This means that important details of the inelastic response could be neglected. Following this consideration, regardless of the device/technique invented, before it could be put into practice, an experimental verification of the actual structural performance should be conducted by full-scale tests at building level. This issue is investigated in the paper considering seismic retrofit of reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures by buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) as technique to be validated, while hybrid test is selected as tool for experimental validation at building level. The analysed seismic upgrading technique consists in the insertion of BRBs into the RC frame. The upgrading intervention is designed by a method developed in previous studies. This technique responds to an important need of the society. Indeed, existing RC frames showed high vulnerability in occurrence of past earthquakes when they were not originally conceived to sustain horizontal forces. The hybrid test is selected among the available experimental techniques because it allows the experimentation on full-scale specimens with reasonable cost. In this study, a substructure hybrid test was conducted and the results are here presented to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the design method of BRBs for seismic upgrading, (b) investigate the integration of BRBs in existing RC frame, and (c) show the potentiality of the substructure hybrid test for the experimental verification of innovative techniques for seismic protection of buildings.  相似文献   

Rehabilitation of earthquake damaged external RC beam‐column joints by joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles          下载免费PDF全文

Jalil Shafaei  Abdollah Hosseini  Mohammad Sadegh Marefat  Jason M. Ingham 《地震工程与结构动力学》2017,46(2):291-316

The effectiveness of a rehabilitation method based on joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles to enhance the seismic behavior of damaged external reinforced concrete beam‐column joints was experimentally investigated. Three half‐scale joints having either non‐seismic or seismic reinforcement details were tested both before and after rehabilitation by applying lateral cyclic loading of increasing amplitudes. Two defects were considered for the two non‐seismic units, being the absence of transverse steel hoops and insufficient bond capacity of beam bottom steel reinforcing bars in the joint panel zone. The damaged specimens were rehabilitated by injecting epoxy grout into existing cracks and installing stiffened steel angles at the re‐entrant corners of the beam‐column joint, both above and below the beam, that were mounted and held in place using prestressed high‐tensile strength bars. The test results indicated that the seismic performance of the rehabilitated specimens in terms of strength, stiffness, and ductility was fully recovered and comparable with the performance of the seismically detailed specimen. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

阿拉善高原沙漠化土地防治区划与治理对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖生春  颜长珍  田永祯  司建华  丁爱军  陈小红  韩超  滕泽宇 《中国沙漠》2019,39(5):182-192

中国深受沙漠化危害,沙漠化土地防治区划是沙漠化研究和防治的重要措施。阿拉善高原地处亚洲干旱荒漠区,是中国北方沙漠化过程发生发展较为典型的区域。随着气候变化、区域社会经济发展和国家生态文明建设多项工程的实施,阿拉善高原土地沙漠化也发生了显著的变化。根据阿拉善高原沙漠化、土地利用变化、产业发展的过程和现状,我们认为区域沙漠化土地治理重点主要包括6个方面：重点生态功能保护区、三大沙漠交汇扩展治理区、荒漠植被保护与恢复区、人工绿洲生态建设稳定区、线性交通基础设施和片状工矿综合治理区及乌兰布和沙产业示范区。在此基础上,将阿拉善高原划分为3个荒漠化土地防治亚区和12个治理小区,并提出相应的沙漠化防治措施和治理对策。  相似文献   

An integrated approach to coastal rehabilitation: Mangrove restoration in Sungai Haji Dorani,Malaysia     

Roslan Hashim  Babak Kamali  Noraini Mohd Tamin  Rozainah Zakaria 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

To achieve an efficient method of coastal rehabilitation, a coastal structure was applied in combination with the mangrove restoration scheme in Sungai Haji Dorani where coastal forest over-cutting associated with erosion has resulted in severe coastline retreat. Such an attempt provides the opportunity to mitigate erosion as well as improve ecological and socio-economic aspects of coastal areas, both of which are of great importance to local communities and authorities. Beach morphological changes were monitored for an eight-month period of time. The results indicate that the attempt has been successful in retaining sediment on the beach and consequently raising the elevation of the site. While the monitoring schedule is required to continue for several years to evaluate long-term performance of the rehabilitation effort, approximately 30% of the transplanted mangrove saplings' survival after eight months shows that the project was moderately successful. Since the general conditions of the selected site represent the majority of the eroded shorelines on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, the method applied in this study can be replicated as an appropriate cost-effective alternative for the same cases.  相似文献   

土地综合整治对生态系统服务价值的影响 ——以广东江门沙仔岛为例     

苏梦园  吴家龙 《热带地理》2021,41(1):159-166

以广东省首个土地综合整治示范项目——江门市新会区沙仔岛为例,采用生态系统服务价值法(Ecosystem Service Value Method,ESV),探讨了土地综合整治对研究区生态系统服务价值的影响.结果表明:土地整治前后土地利用类型、结构的调整及生态修复措施的实施,是提升沙仔岛生态系统服务价值的重要因素.土地整...  相似文献   

The effects of coal gangue and fly ash on the hydraulic properties and water content distribution in reconstructed soil profiles of coal‐mined land with a high groundwater table          下载免费PDF全文

Jinman Wang  Xinfeng Li  Zhongke Bai  Longbin Huang 《水文研究》2017,31(3):687-697

Soil water systems have been severely degraded in coal‐mined and subsiding land, where a shallow groundwater table is also present. The present paper discussed the effects of fly ash (FA) and coal gangue (CG) as filling materials on the hydraulic properties and water content distribution in a profile for the purpose of rehabilitating subsided lands. The saturated water content, water characteristic curve, and water diffusivity of local soil, FA, CG, and a mixture of FA and CG (“mixed filling”) were characterized. A column experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of water content in profiles reconstructed from the combination of soil and filling materials, including soil only, FA, CG, and a mixture of FA and CG, which were used to fill the lower part of the reconstructed profile. The mixture of FA and CG was found to possess similar hydraulic properties to those of the soil, particularly high water‐holding capacity and permeability. Moreover, the volumetric water contents in the whole profile containing the mixture of FA and CG were consistent with those of the profile reconstructed with soil only. As a result, it is recommended to adopt the mixture of FA and CG for reconstructing the lower profile of the land to alleviate or rehabilitate subsided land in coal mines.  相似文献   

Rehabilitating Upland Swamps Using Environmental Histories: A Case Study of the Blue Mountains Peat Swamps,Eastern Australia          下载免费PDF全文

Benjamin L. Freidman  Kirstie A. Fryirs 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(2):337-353

In response to peatland degradation by human activities worldwide, restoration through gully blocking is now being implemented in an attempt to return valuable ecological and hydrological services to degraded systems. Re‐establishing these services requires an understanding of how systems have formed and evolved in order to establish conditions that assist with physical and ecological recovery. However, management of peatlands and swamps continues without prior investigation into the environmental history of these ecosystems. This study investigates stratigraphy, sediment ages and peat forming potential within three Temperate Highland Peat Swamps on Sandstone in the Blue Mountains, NSW. These swamps are listed as Endangered Ecological Communities under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) and the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). High discontinuity in sediment structure, peat forming potential and timeframes of swamp initiation were observed across the three swamps. This localised variation reflects the complex geomorphic processes acting within and between these systems. Such data provides scientists and managers with key indicators to assess timeframes over which infilling, vegetation establishment and peat formation occurs. These tools can guide prioritisation, conservation and financial expenditure for the management and rehabilitation of temperate peat swamps.  相似文献