Monitoring fluid substitution in rock samples from noise correlation          下载免费PDF全文

Sandra Barbouteau  Patrick Rasolofosaon  Noalwenn Dubos‐Sallée  Virginie Vassil  Jean‐François Nauroy 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(1):240-250

An alternative laboratory technique to measure the elastic constants of solid samples, based on the analysis of the cross‐correlation spectra of the vibratory response of randomly excited short solid cylinders, has been recently proposed. The aim of this paper is to check the ability of the technique called passive ultrasonic interferometry to monitor fluid substitution in different rock samples. Velocity variations due to fluid substitution are easily measured if the wave attenuation in the fluid‐saturated rock is not too large (typically in rocks with few cracks or microfractures). The experimental results are in agreement with the predictions of Biot–Gassmann poroelastic theory. The effect of substituting water with a stiffer saturating fluid, such as ethylene glycol, is to increase the overall bulk modulus of the rock, without any substantial effect on shear modulus. Furthermore, the experimental results compare well with those obtained independently with conventional pulse‐transmission technique using ultrasonic transducers. However, the measured pulse‐transmission bulk moduli are slightly larger than the corresponding measured ultrasonic interferometry moduli, with the deviation increasing with increasing fluid viscosity. This can be explained by dispersion due to wave‐induced flow of the viscous fluid since pulse‐transmission experiments involve higher frequencies than ultrasonic interferometry experiments.  相似文献   

天然气水合物在沉积地层中的分布模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

龚建明  王红霞  陈建文  吴志强  李刚  闫桂京 《海洋地质前沿》2004,20(6):6-8

简要介绍了3种模式的天然气水合物在地层中的分布特征。第1种模式的水合物以胶结物的形式存在,主要分布在火山灰、凝灰质泥和浊流层中,埋深通常较小,孔隙度较高,水合物饱和度较低,沿地层层面分布;第2种模式的水合物以块状(或“鸡窝状”)的形式存在,主要分布在泥质粉砂和粉砂质泥中,埋深通常较大,沉积地层的孔隙度较低,但呈块状(或“鸡窝状”)分布的水合物的饱和度却很高,地震剖面上有时会出现VAMP异常(速度振幅异常),同样沿地层层面分布;第3种模式的水合物主要分布在泥岩或砂质白云岩的裂隙和孔洞中,以小碎块(或细脉状)穿层分布,水合物饱和度通常较低。  相似文献   

基于声波测井的冻土区孔隙型水合物储层水合物饱和度估算方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

肖昆  邹长春  卢振权  李红星  秦臻  葛坤朋 《地质学报》2020,94(5):1664-1674

水合物饱和度参数的准确计算对于水合物资源量的评价至关重要。本文提出利用超声波测井资料与等效介质模型相结合的方法,可有效评价祁连山冻土区孔隙型水合物储层水合物饱和度变化特征,并在典型孔隙型水合物钻孔DKXX 13进行了应用。基于等效介质理论的弹性波速度模型正演模拟的纵波速度相比基于双相介质理论的弹性波速度模型更加吻合实际测井纵波速度,可用于分析孔隙型水合物储层的纵波速度特征;通过正演模拟的纵波速度与实际测井纵波速度的对比,识别出X30. 0~X30. 2m、X30. 3~X30. 4m、X31. 1~X31. 6m、X31. 7~X31. 9m、X32. 0~X32. 2m井段存在水合物,水合物赋存井段地层的水合物饱和度变化范围为13. 0%~85. 0%,平均值为61. 9%,与标准阿尔奇公式估算结果和现场岩芯测试结果基本一致。研究结果可为祁连山冻土区水合物地层测井评价与地震勘探提供理论依据和技术支撑。  相似文献   

基于区域划分的屏幕饱和度计算模型     

邓红艳  王英杰 《测绘科学》2010,35(3):153-155

为解决现有屏幕饱和度计算模型浪费计算资源,计算结果与实际有时不符等问题,提出了一种基于区域划分的屏幕饱和度计算模型。该方法的主要步骤是:①针对空间目标进行自适应聚类,获取空间目标的疏密分布;②境界,高等级水系,高等级道路联合构建拓扑形成拓扑面,拓扑面与聚类结果进行叠置分析,形成待计算划分区域;③对划分区域分别进行屏幕饱和度计算。实践表明,该方法通过对划分后的可见小区域分别计算,有效弥补了原方法的缺陷。  相似文献   

基于低场核磁共振的煤储层束缚水饱和度应力响应研究与动态预测——以保德和韩城区块为例     

侯伟  赵天天  张雷  熊先钺  许浩  巢海燕  张伟  王伟  张慧 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(2):608-616

煤层气开发过程中储层应力的变化对束缚水饱和度有重要影响。通过对不同煤阶煤储层的煤样进行覆压低场核磁共振系列实验,采用谱图形态经验判定法对核磁T₂截止值进行标定,在此基础上分析了不同煤阶储层束缚水饱和度随应力的变化规律,并对保德和韩城区块的束缚水饱和度开展了动态计算。实验结果表明：束缚水饱和度具有较强的应力敏感性,并且在有效应力增加初期变化最为强烈;由于孔隙结构的差异,这种应力敏感性在保德区块表现得更为强烈。动态预测结果表明：由于保德区块储层埋深变化范围较小,其初始束缚水饱和度受埋深影响的总变化量小于韩城区块;埋深较浅的储层束缚水饱和度在开发过程中的应力敏感性更强,但开发过程进行到末期后,束缚水饱和度总的增加幅度基本一致。  相似文献   

Evaluation of the degree of saturation using Skempton coefficient B     

Mathilde Vernay  Pierre Breul 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2020,15(2):79-89

ABSTRACT

Skempton coefficient B is commonly used to evaluate the saturation of a sample before the shearing stage in a triaxial test. For unsaturated soils, measuring the degree of saturation Sr at the end of the consolidation stage is very difficult whereas measuring Skempton coefficient B is very simple. Using this coefficient to obtain S_r of a sample in a triaxial apparatus without complex procedures might be an improvement, especially as regards testing procedures for unsaturated soils. Different authors have proposed a relationship between these two parameters based on the hypothesis that a variation of B coefficient with S_r is mostly due to the compressibility of air in the pores. However, the presence of air as a fluid phase gives rise to suction after the equilibrium is reached inside the sample leading to an increase in stiffness. Based on this observation, this article presents a new relationship that enables S_r to be evaluated with a given Skempton coefficient taking into account not only the initial void ratio and the isotropic elastic modulus but also the suction and the elastoplastic behaviour of the soil. The results of the proposed approach are then confronted with the original relationship and compared to experimental data.  相似文献   

Discrete-element numerical modelling method for studying mechanical response of methane-hydrate-bearing specimens     

Yujing Jiang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(9):1082-1096

Abstract

It is important to understand the deformation mechanism of methane-hydrate specimens (MHSs) to avoid deforming the seabed during methane-hydrate production. For this purpose, discrete-element method (DEM) modelling is advantageous because it requires much less cost and effort compared to artificial specimens and in situ sediments. In this study, a method for generating DEM numerical simulation models of MHSs is proposed to study the deformation mechanism of MHSs. First, numerical models that consider the saturation of methane hydrate (S_MH), following which the bi-axial compression of these models is simulated. The mechanisms controlling the shear strength of MHSs are verified and modified by investigating the stress–strain response behavior, crack-development process, and evolution of the void change rate (E_change) of MHSs. The increases of the peak strength and secant elastic modulus of the MHS with the increment of confining pressure follow parabolic relationships. Under different loading rates, the peak strength tends to increase parabolically with the increment of loading rate, while the relationship between the secant elastic modulus and loading rate is linear. Based on the testing results, empirical formulas of peak stress and elastic modulus are proposed for different confining-pressure and strain-rate conditions.  相似文献   

Laboratory study of shear strength response of Chlef natural sand: Effect of saturation     

Khayra Merabet  Ismail Benessalah  Mohammed Chemmam 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):461-467

Abstract

The study of the unsaturated soils is a very complex field to which several researches in laboratory and on site are directed these last years. An experimental study aims to quantify the influence of the Skempton coefficient B characterizing the degree of saturation on the behavior of the granular sand to the liquefaction resistance of sand. The study is based on undrained triaxial tests performed on natural Chlef sand carried out at an initial relative density Dr = 50% under a confining pressure of 50, 100 and 200?kPa for Skempton coefficient B?=?10 to 92%. The results of the tests show that an increase of confining pressure leads to an increase of the shear stress of the samples. For the lower value of the degree of saturation results of our findings indicate an increase of the resistance to liquefaction; our results are in good agreement with others observed in several research projects conducted with other sands. The increase of Skempton coefficient B induces an increase of pore water pressure and a decrease of the shear strength. The pore pressure (u) increases with an exponential manner with the increase of the degree of saturation; while the residual shear strength (Rs) decreases with logarithmic manner with the increase of degree of saturation (B).  相似文献   

温度和过饱和度对海水中碳酸钙沉淀速率的影响I.镁方解石     

瞿成利  刘刚  路波 《海洋科学》2009,33(7):23-29

采用稳定加液一反应系统对5、15和25 ° C下镁方解石沉淀在海水中的形成过程进行了研究.结果表明镁方解石的沉淀速率(R)对过饱和度(Ω)的响应均可通过R=k(Ω-1)°或Log(R)=nLog(Ω-1)+Log(k)形式的动力学方程加以表达.pCO2的变化会显著改变过饱和度进而影响到镁方解石沉淀速率,但这一变化并不会对镁方解石沉淀形成过程的动力学表达产生影响.相比之下,不同温度下镁方解石沉淀形成的动力学方程存在明显差异,表明这一动力学过程同时还具有强烈的热力学相关性.  相似文献   

近平衡状态海水中方解石和文石沉淀速率及动力学研究          下载免费PDF全文

陶小晚  蒲晓强 《海洋科学》2011,35(2):64-71

利用"freedrift"开放反应系统,研究人工海水中近沉淀平衡状态时二氧化碳分压(p(CO2))的变化对方解石、文石沉淀速率及其动力学方程的影响.反应在恒定的温度(25.0℃±0.2℃)、p(CO2)环境下进行,通过实验得到了不同p(CO2)环境下,方解石和丈石的沉淀速率及动力学方程.研究发现:(1)晶体类型和碳酸盐...  相似文献