红树植物次生木质部的结构与进化   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

林鹏  林益明  林建辉 《海洋学报》1998,20(4):97-102

研究了红树科Rhizophoraceae的木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza、海莲Bruguiera sexangula、角果木Ceriops tagal和秋茄Kandelia candel;马鞭草科Verbenaceae的白骨壤Avicennia marina;紫金牛科Mysinaceae的桐花树Aegiceras corniculatum和海桑和Sonneratiaceae的海桑Sonneratia caeseolaria次生木质部的结构与进化关系,红树科植物的次生木质部结构比马鞭草科、紫金牛科和海桑科的植物原始;红树科中的竹节树属Carallia和山红树属Pellacalyx为陆生的非红树植物,它们次生木质部结构比海生的红树料红树植物木榄属、秋茄属、角果木属更为进化,即导管为单穿孔、管间纹孔式为互利式纹孔.单穿孔的导管存在,是长期的进化过程中,遇到干旱环境而产生的特化现象,而海生红树科植物进入海滩沼译后,木质部仍具有原始性状.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of the southward translation of meddies     

Jun Takahashi  Akira Masuda 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(6):669-680

Meddies are warm and saline anticyclonic eddies found at the mid-depth of the Mediterranean Outflow in the Eastern North Atlantic. They are observed to move almost southward at average speeds as high as 1.3±0.2 cm s⁻¹. This paper examines a mechanism which accelerates this curious translation to a reasonable speed when combined with nonlinearity and a suitable vertical eddy structure. This mechanism is thepseudo-topographic β effect due to the westward decrease in the thickness of the mid-layer induced by the surface southward mean current. The linear dispersion relation including this effect is shown to account for a quarter of the surface southward mean current or a fifth of the observed southward translation of meddies. Three-layer quasi-geostrophic experiments reveal that the surface southward mean current certainly enhances the southward translation velocity of meddies to a speed in agreement with observation, if the meddy has a current structure of plausible intensity and vertical coherence. In the light of the current-induced pseudo-topographic β effect, previous hypotheses are also re-examined through dynamic arguments together with numerical experiments; they are suggested to have some difficulty either in dynamics or in correspondence with observation. Thus the nonlinear effect due to secondary eddies combined with thecurrent-induced pseudo-topographic β effect is the most likely mechanism responsible for the rapid southward translation of meddies among those examined in the paper.  相似文献   

A pair of Langmuir cells in two laboratory tanks (II) on generation mechanism     

Shinjiro Mizuno  Hideaki Noguchi  Yasutaka Kimura 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(1):77-100

Vertical and cross-wind profiles of mean currents were measured systematically in vertical cross-sections of two wind-wave tanks with aspect ratios of order one to study the secondary flow in the tanks. A pair of Langmuir cells turned out to be driven by a close combination of the pressure gradient along the tank and the side-wall effects. That is, part of the adverse pressure gradient produced a parabolic cross-wind profile with the smallest downwind current at the centerline and the largest current along the two sidewalls. As a result, upwelling occurred in the center zone where the return flow was strongest, probably because of the entrainment action of the wind-driven current. In order to compensate for this upwelling, downwelling occurred along the two side-walls from the flow continuity. The resulting vertical circulation formed a pair of Langmuir circulations across the span and served to maintain the parabolic profile formed by the pressure gradient. A positive feedback mechanism is thus found between the primary and secondary circulations through upwelling of the return flow in the center zone. Vertical shears of the span-averaged downwind current measured in two tanks were found to be systematically different from each other. This difference seems to depend on the magnitude of the advective Reynolds stresses in the two tanks.  相似文献   

厦门海沧经济开发区环境地质条件及其变化趋势预测Ⅱ.环境地质条件变化趋势预测     

徐茂泉 《台湾海峡》1998,(3)

通过野外调查和室内分析,研究并预测了海沧经济开发区的环境地质条件变化趋势。结果表明,该区原生地质环境在一个相当长的时期内不会发生重大变化,而次生地质环境随着总体规划的逐步实施将变得更加美好。只要依据科学规律办事,经济建设与地质环境协调发展是完全可能的。  相似文献   

辽河盆地曙1区稠油油藏中原油的混聚及其勘探开发意义     

吴征  包连纯  康秀发  郑南方 《矿物岩石》1999,(4)

本文通过辽河盆地曙1 区稠油地化特征的非均质分析确认了原油混聚的存在,并认为这是第三纪以来来自相邻凹陷内沙四油气两期充注的结果。这一发现对本区的石油勘探开发具有重要的实际价值。  相似文献   

充填处理红宝石的鉴定     

万红 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1999,(4)

对红宝石的天然、合成、优化处理成因已有许多研究,其中有不少争议［１］。争议的焦点在于对其内含物（包裹体）的认识。因此,在鉴定工作中思路要宽,对内含物的一切可能成因要作全方位推断,然后一一甄别。１　测试样品及其一般宝石学特征１－１　测试样品本文测试样品为一条红宝石伴钻石手链,来自于广州市对一家有信誉的国营大公司的市场抽查。样品重７－５４ｇ,由１０粒规格为５－１×４－２ｍｍ的椭圆形刻面红宝石及１８粒圆形钻石组成,工艺精美,商家称为“镶嵌红宝石手链”。１－２　一般宝石学特征１０粒红宝石颜色统一,为较均…  相似文献   

基准网平差初至波定位方法及应用     

刘怀山  王兆国  童思友 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(4):135-139

在滩浅海地震勘探中,由于海水深度和潮流的变化,在水面上按照预定位置沉放的检波器,在海底不可能放置在预定的位置。为此,利用基准网平差初至波定位方法对海底检波器位置进行了准确的二次定位,并对初至波二次定位和声波二次定位进行了比较分析。基准网平差初至波定位方法在KD-1滩浅海地区高精度地震勘探应用中取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

惠民凹陷南坡石炭二叠系煤层二次生气模式     

何瑞武  杜玉民  刘金  刘玉亮 《煤田地质与勘探》2005,33(4):42-44

利用开放体系程序升温热模拟实验方法,对惠民凹陷南坡石炭—二叠系煤岩样品的热演化规律进行了研究,建立了该区石炭二叠系含煤地层有机质的生气模式,探讨了影响二次生气潜力的各种主控因素,为准确评价其资源潜力和计算远景资源量奠定了基础,对渤海湾盆地其他类似地区煤型气勘探具有指导意义。   相似文献   

天目湖流域丘陵山区典型土地利用类型氮流失特征   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

聂小飞  李恒鹏  黄群彬  刁亚芹  姜加虎 《湖泊科学》2013,25(6):827-835

天目湖丘陵山区农业综合开发持续推进,大量林地转变为茶园,迫切需要认识茶园扩张对流域氮流失的影响.本研究选取茶园、次生马尾松林和毛竹林开展自然降雨条件下的径流小区实验,分析天目湖丘陵山区典型用地类型径流氮流失规律,为评估丘陵山区综合开发的水环境影响提供实测参数.研究表明:茶园、次生马尾松林和毛竹林地表径流TN浓度分别为11.25、2.83和3.60 mg/L,均以溶解态为主;壤中流TN浓度分别为27.16、3.59和1.06 mg/L,茶园和次生马尾松林均以溶解性无机氮(尤其是硝态氮)为主,毛竹林以溶解性有机氮为主;茶园、次生马尾松林和毛竹林的小区尺度地表径流系数均不到0.03,壤中流是丘陵山区径流的主要来源;茶园开发加剧了丘陵山区的氮素流失,茶园径流TN流失强度高达103.08 kg/(hm²·a),分别是次生马尾松林和毛竹林的7.6和23.2倍,壤中流贡献了流失总量的86.7%~99.7%.防治茶园径流氮流失需重点关注壤中流输出,在减量施肥的基础上,采取坡脚构建毛竹林生态缓冲带/在小流域出口布设塘坝等原位拦截措施,实现流域氮流失综合防控.  相似文献   

地震重灾区诱发次生地质灾害风险评价研究   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李天华  袁永博 《地震工程学报》2018,40(1):111-115

为了揭示地震重灾区与次生地质灾害的关联性,以某地震灾区为例,在分析次生地质灾害类型与危害的基础上,通过计算一次泥石流总量及流量确定其危险度,并引入易损性指数,确定各评价单元次生山地灾害的易损性大小,设置评价指标;结合研究区实际,采用层次分析法构建次生地质灾害风险评价模型,对地震重灾区诱发次生地质灾害风险进行评价。实验以次生地质灾害中的泥石流产生的灾害风险为例进行研究,结果表明,采用本文研究方法可在有效确定地震重灾区诱发次生地质灾害的位置方面具有一定优势,但在纵向地震造成次生地质灾害风险评价方面需进一步进行研究。  相似文献