竖井中导井一次爆破成井法的研究与应用          下载免费PDF全文

昌禄柱 《探矿工程》2021,48(S1):407-411

本文以某水利工程闸门井竖井开挖为例,中导井开挖尺寸2 m×2 m,通过实践总结研究,介绍了竖井中导井施工开挖的一种新方法——中导井一次爆破成井法,着重介绍了中导井如何一次爆破贯通的技术措施。本工法采用中导井一次爆破成井和竖井周边扩挖相结合。开挖方法采用深孔爆破法,通过爆破方案设计、施工前准备、机械钻孔、装药、联线、爆破、炮后安全检查等工艺,先对中导井进行一次爆破开挖成型,再对竖井周边岩体自上而下采用浅孔多循环爆破扩挖成型,最终形成竖井中导井。  相似文献   

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陆丹  李海森  魏玉阔  周天  么彬 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(1):89-93

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海底软土层对海洋地基场地动力响应的影响     

张奎  赵成刚  李伟华 《岩土力学》2019,40(6):2456-2468

北京交通大学 土木建筑工程学院,北京 100044  相似文献   

深水崎岖海底对下伏地层地震成像的影响研究     

王建花  魏伟  李绪宣  温书亮  刘志斌  孙伟家  管西竹 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(2):702-708

深水陆坡区水深急剧变化,峡谷纵横,水道复杂,形成了崎岖的海底地形地貌,严重影响到其下伏地层的地震成像,并造成地震剖面上构造形态的畸变.本文利用复杂介质条件下共聚焦分析和CRP分析方法,讨论深水区崎岖海底条件对下伏目的层地震波成像质量的影响,通过对比分析水平海底条件与崎岖海底条件下成像的差别,为深水崎岖海底地区的地震采集设计提出建议.  相似文献   

由高密度磁异常测量数据分析南海海盆的扩张年龄与扩张模式     

宋陶然  李春峰 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(4):1432-1442

南海是西太平洋最大的边缘海,地处欧亚板块、太平洋板块和印度洋板块的交汇处.过去通过磁异常条带对比分析南海扩张年龄的研究很多,但是所依赖的资料有限.本文对南海海盆高密度大批量磁异常测量数据进行了系统分析,实现了平面2D磁异常数据的带通滤波处理,消除了短波长噪音和由深部下地壳和上地幔顶部磁源体引起的长波长背景信息,因此突出了海底扩张所引起的磁异常条带.利用CK95地磁倒转模型和Talwani磁异常正演方法,对南海东部和西南次海盆内的重点磁异常测线进行了正演分析.通过对不同测线之间、不同海盆之间以及同一条测线中的正演磁异常与实测磁异常之间进行对比分析,进一步验证了南海东部次海盆的扩张年龄为32～16.5 Ma;西南次海盆可能的扩张年龄仍具有较大不确定性,可能为42～33 Ma或者24～16 Ma.不同的时间模型所依赖的扩张速率的变化情况不同,全扩张速率随时间变化明显,但主要在40～80 km/Ma之间.单纯根据目前的磁异常资料很难确定西南次海盆与东部次海盆之间的扩张次序.单期次扩张模式很难解释中南断裂两侧的构造物理差异,这种差异可能主要受控于其基底岩石成分、岩石磁化率、岩浆活动、扩张速率以及深部物质冷却磁化的影响,基底深度的变化也对观测磁异常的强度有所影响.相对地,大部分扩张后玄武岩海山的存在对观测的磁异常的影响不明显,针对目前磁异常解释中不可避免的多解性问题,需要运用其他不同的手段和方法,譬如大洋钻探和深拖高分辨率磁异常测量等,来实现对南海不同次海盆扩张年龄的精确估计.我们目前的工作是通向对深拖高分辨率磁异常、船测和航测磁异常、以及卫星磁异常综合解释的第一步.  相似文献   

A Data Management Method for Remote and Long-Term Seafloor Observation System     

《Marine Geodesy》2012,35(1):1-22

Abstract

The deep seafloor is closest to the Earth’s interior and there are complicated interactions in the physical and biological processes of the seafloor. Oceanographic parameters such as temperature, salinity, and ocean current can provide support for climate prediction. Therefore, the long-term observation of the deep seafloor is critical to the study of global climate change and the biodiversity in complex environments. For the requirements of long-term observation and remote data transmission in the deep sea of the South China Sea, a seafloor observation prototype system is designed in this paper as a stand-alone observation platform. We then proposed a date management method based on Controller Area Network to ensure the data quality. Distributed data management can be performed through system layering, and strict data transmission standards are established between each layer. At the same time, aiming at the difficulty of seafloor video data transmission in real-time, a new solution based on satellite communication technology, object detection technology, and high-efficiency compression coding technology of video images is proposed to provide support for seafloor biodiversity research. The observation data from the experiment are given, and these results show that the system can meet the requirements of long-term observation and remote real-time data transmission, and the reliability of the system is verified.  相似文献   

ZDY4000LS型煤矿用履带式全液压坑道钻机的研制          下载免费PDF全文

胡海峰  魏斌斌  陆惠明 《探矿工程》2017,44(6):28-32

一般传统钻机主要由主机、操作台、泵站三大件组成,质量大,搬运不方便。ZDY4000LS型煤矿用履带式全液压坑道钻机是一种新型的钻机,结构布置合理,辅助功能齐全,它能有效地改善中小煤矿钻孔施工效率,提高钻掘产量,降低工人劳动强度。主要介绍了ZDY4000LS型煤矿用履带式全液压坑道钻机的主要技术参数、结构布局特点、液压系统及生产试验情况。试验应用表明,对于巷道较小或者有运输皮带限制的煤矿巷道,该钻机具有推广价值。  相似文献   

一种分层海底反向散射模型   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

于盛齐  刘保华  于凯本  杨志国  阚光明 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(7):56-65

In order to predict the bottom backscattering strength more accurately, the stratified structure of the seafloor is considered. The seafloor is viewed as an elastic half-space basement covered by a fluid sediment layer with finite thickness. On the basis of calculating acoustic field in the water, the sediment layer, and the basement, four kinds of scattering mechanisms are taken into account, including roughness scattering from the water-sediment interface, volume scattering from the sediment layer, roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface,and volume scattering from the basement. Then a backscattering model for a stratified seafloor applying to low frequency(0.1–10 kHz) is established. The simulation results show that the roughness scattering from the sediment-basement interface and the volume scattering from the basement are more prominent at relative low frequency(below 1.0 kHz). While with the increase of the frequency, the contribution of them to total bottom scattering gradually becomes weak. And the results ultimately approach to the predictions of the high-frequency(10–100 kHz) bottom scattering model. When the sound speed and attenuation of the shear wave in the basement gradually decrease, the prediction of the model tends to that of the full fluid model, which validates the backscattering model for the stratified seafloor in another aspect.  相似文献   

海底沉积物声速-压力特性测试系统的设计与实验     

周舒  邹大鹏  肖体兵  张谦  陈少伟 《海洋技术学报》2017,36(5):53-59

文中设计基于可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)的测控平台、伺服加压控制、步进推动控制、多传感器测量、触摸屏交互等功能的温压可控声学测量系统,实现海底沉积物样品的孔隙水自动可控加压,通过声学测量功能单元测量海底沉积物在各个压力下的声速,模拟海底沉积物处于大陆坡2 000 m以浅海底表层任何深度变化时的声学特性测量,得到海底沉积物声速-压力特性,为校正实验室测量数据还原到海底原位测量数据提供一种方法。  相似文献   

Analysis of the influences of physical parameters on sediment sound speed     

Zhengyu Hou  Jingqiang Wang  Wenjing Chen  Tiegang Li  Yanxin Zhang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(4):466-471

Based on the core samples collected in different geological tectonic units in the southern South China Sea, the double parameter equations between sediment sound speed and physical parameters were developed. According to the double parameter equations, the influences of physical parameters (porosity, mean grain size, wet bulk density, and clay content) on sediment sound speed were analyzed. To analyze the sensitivity of each parameter in the double parameter equations, the error norm method was introduced. The most influencing physical parameters with relative order were analyzed using the error norm method. These results show that porosity has a major influence on the sound speed, and the most influential physical parameters on sound speed are as follows: porosity > wet bulk density > clay content > mean grain size.  相似文献