南极菲尔德斯半岛南部近岸水域中粪大肠菌群分布的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄凤鹏  丁美丽 《极地研究》1992,4(4):84-87

本文采用发酵法对菲尔德斯半岛南部近海水域表层中粪大肠菌群数量进行了初步调查。结果表明 ,在近岸表层海水中 ,粪大肠菌群检出数密度最大的 40个 /升 ,一般是 2 0个 /升 ,密度最小的小于 2 0个 /升 ,后者占多数站位。排污口潮间带 1月份粪大肠菌群检出数 40个 /升 ,3月份 2 80 0个 /升。粪大肠菌群的分布 ,离岸越近数量越高 ,同频繁的人类活动有密切关系。由此看来菲尔德斯半岛南部近岸水体已受生活污水污染 ,尚属轻度污染。但排污口潮间带的污染趋势应引起我们重视  相似文献   

南极长城站生活污水处理前后的细菌监测          下载免费PDF全文

黄凤鹏  吴宝铃  李永祺 《极地研究》1992,4(4):88-90

本文报道了 1 990年初南极长城站生活污水处理前和处理后 ,污水排海管道口水样粪大肠菌群和余氯含量的测定结果。结果表明 :在污水处理前 ,粪大肠菌群的数量较高 ,达 2 4 0 0 0 /1 0 0 0 ml,经处理后 ,菌量急剧地降低 ,低于有关水质规定的标准 ;菌量的降低与污水处理的加氯量有关 ,加氯越多 ,菌量下降也越多。余氯浓度过高 ,可能对近海生态造成影响 ,因此在对污水进行有效处理时 ,要尽量注意控制加氯量  相似文献   

变动流域滞时方程     

靳长兴 《地理研究》1992,11(2):9-16

流域滞时是流域汇流计算和预报中的一个重要因素。本文尝试将流域滞时表示成流域重心长度Lca(流域重心到流域出口断面的河道长度)与汇流速度v之比的函数,从而使流域滞时随汇流速度的不同而不同,而不再是一个常数。长度Lca反映了流域尺度和几何形态对滞时的影响,而汇流速度则反映流域动力条件对滞时的作用。5个小流域的实测资料检验表明结果较为满意。  相似文献   

Differences in animal ¹³C, ¹⁵N and D abundance between a polluted and an unpolluted coastal site: Likely indicators of sewage uptake by a marine food web     

G.H. Rau  R.E. Sweeney  I.R. Kaplan  A.J. Mearns  D.R. Young 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,13(6):701-707

  相似文献   

弹性填料处理河道污水实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程洪  黄伟  莫斌  雷金勇  余谦  徐文炘 《矿产与地质》2006,20(2):174-177

采用弹性填料曝气生物膜法对污染的河道水体进行处理的实验研究,结果表明,在2m/h的流速、水温为16℃~18℃、气水比为1∶1的条件下,采用弹性填料的生物膜处理系统运转正常,不易发生堵塞或系统短流,系统此时的水力停留时间为3.5h左右,污水中的COD和NH3-N去除率稳定,其均值分别为49.4%和19.1%。  相似文献   

工业废水和城市综合污水的环境风险管理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈建  韩小波  丁登山  金洪钧 《水科学进展》2007,18(4):614-622

综述了国内外工业废水与城市综合废水的监控和环境风险管理进展。与发达国家比较,化学监测法是目前我国工业废水和城市综合污水监控的唯一手段,而且主要有赖于COD等极少参数,并不能有效监控复合有毒有机污染物的排放。采用生态毒性检测法,可弥补这一缺陷,满足环境风险管理要求。毒性鉴别评价鉴别出导致废水/污水生态毒性的关键有机毒物,是降低其环境风险的核心。还对生态毒性检测法应用于我国废水/污水排放的监控和环境风险管理前景做了评述。  相似文献   

Investigation of groundwater residence times during bank filtration in Berlin: a multi‐tracer approach     

Gudrun Massmann  Jürgen Sültenfuß  Uwe Dünnbier  Andrea Knappe  Thomas Taute  Asaf Pekdeger 《水文研究》2008,22(6):788-801

Berlin relies on induced bank filtration from a broad‐scale, lake‐type surface water system. Because the surface water contains treated sewage, wastewater residues are present in surface water and groundwater. Multiple environmental tracers, including tritium and helium isotopes (³H, ³He, ⁴He), stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ²H) and a number of persistent sewage indicators, such as chloride, boron and a selection of pharmaceutical residues (phenazone‐type analgesics and their metabolites, carbamazepine and anthropogenic gadolinium, Gd_excess), were used to estimate travel times from the surface water to individual production and observation wells at two sites. The study revealed a strong vertical age stratification throughout the upper aquifer, with travel times varying from a few months to several decades in greater depth. Whereas the shallow bank filtrate is characterized by the reflection of the time‐variant tracer input concentrations and young ³H/³He ages, the deeper, older bank filtrate displays no tracer seasonality, ³H/³He ages of a few years to decades and strongly deviating concentrations of several pharmaceutical residues, reflecting concentrations of the source surface water over time. The phenazone‐type pharmaceuticals persist in the aquatic environments for decades. Bank filtration in Berlin is only possible at the sandy lakeshores. In greater water depth, impermeable lacustrine sapropels inhibit infiltration. The young bank filtrate originates from the nearest shore, whereas the older bank filtrate infiltrates at more distant shores. This paper illustrates the importance of using multiple tracer methods, capable of resolving a broad range of residence times, to gain a comprehensive understanding of time‐scales and infiltration characteristics in a bank filtration system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

南黄海辐射沙脊群西洋水道污水输移扩散研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周智鹏  陶建峰  张长宽  徐凡  姚静 《海洋通报》2015,34(1):65-71

采用沿深平均二维数值模型对南黄海辐射沙脊群西洋海域的潮流场和物质扩散场进行了模拟,计算和分析了大潮情况下海域5 m、7 m和10 m 3种水深(理论基准面下)排放位置处达标污水输移扩散的范围及分布规律。结果表明,污水排入海后,会很快被稀释,各排放位置200和500稀释度等值线包络面积均较小,且包络面积随水深增加有明显变小的规律。拟合了不同污水排放量对应的200和500稀释倍数包络面积,发现两者呈良好的幂级数关系。  相似文献   

电气石矿物吸附铜离子试验研究     

余东华  杨如增  任杰 《上海国土资源》2010,31(4):83-86

本文研究了电气石的单晶、电气石微粉对Cu2＋的吸附作用,试验表明：电气石单晶体表面存在着以C轴为两极的静电场,该静电场对Cu2＋的吸附作用效果明显。制备的电气石微粒越细,吸附效果越好。电气石的电场效应使得它在治理污水中Cu2＋污染具有广阔的前景。  相似文献   

A case study of sewage discharge in the shallow coastal area of the Northern Adriatic Sea (Gulf of Trieste)     

Patricija Mozetič  Vlado Malačič  Valentina Turk 《Marine Ecology》2008,29(4):483-494

A case study was carried out in 2000 in the shallow coastal area of the Northern Adriatic Sea (Gulf of Trieste) where untreated domestic sewage and industrial wastes are discharged at rate of 5500 m³·day^?1. The sewage plume above the outfall was followed using faecal coliforms (FC) and overturning length scale (l_T). The latter was rejected as a marker as the discharge conditions prohibit following the turbulence of sewage water. Intermittent sewage discharge is reflected in the minimal effect of eutrophication. Increase of phytoplankton biomass is thus only minor compared with the unpolluted area regardless of elevated concentrations of sewage‐derived nutrients (confirmed by correlation coefficients between FC and NH₄⁺, TP, PO₄^3?: 0.78, 0.71 and 0.67, respectively). Deteriorated trophic status, determined by the TRIX index, was observed only in the surface layer (average TRIX: 5.67). High FC content well above the regulation limit (up to 2.6 × 10⁵ FC·100 ml^?1) represents, therefore, the major negative impact of the improperly treated waste for the risk to human health.  相似文献