不同过滤条件下黄色物质的吸收光谱演化特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

吴永森  吴绍渊  魏然  张耀立 《海洋与湖沼》2008,39(6):585-590

在实验室对青岛近岸现场水样进行处理、分析，获得了原始状态下水样和被过滤（0.22μm,0.45μm）黄色物质水样的吸收光谱数据，除进一步验证了黄色物质光谱分布模式外，还测得黄色物质光吸收随滤膜孔径的变化。30个现场样品在波长380nm处吸收系数统计平均值^—Ay（380）分析表明，当使用0.45μm过滤器对水样进行处理，所获得的^—Ay（380）值要比未经过处理的现场水样所测得的^—Ay（380）值高约2.1％；而用0.22μm过滤器对现场水样进行处理，所获得的^—Ay（380）值要比未经过处理的现场样品所测得的^—Ay（380）值高约12．6％，要比用0．45μm过滤器处理的现场样品所测得的^—Ay（380）值高约10.3％，这些数据的获得为现有已获黄色物质数据的“归一化”和统一评判以及未来黄色物质测量数据的准确性判断与比较提供了参考。  相似文献   

一种新方法——低渗诱导虾夷扇贝三倍体的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王昭萍  赵婷  于瑞海  张晨晨 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(2)

研究开发了1种多倍体诱导的新方法,采用低渗抑制受精卵第2极体(PB2)的释放诱导虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)三倍体.结果表明:以低渗盐度S=12,在第一个PB2出现时开始处理,持续处理20 min,诱导率可高达(84.74±3.82)%;三倍体处理组的幼虫比对照组具有明显的生长优势,但是幼虫存活率低于二倍体对照组.  相似文献   

Investigation of groundwater residence times during bank filtration in Berlin: a multi‐tracer approach     

Gudrun Massmann  Jürgen Sültenfuß  Uwe Dünnbier  Andrea Knappe  Thomas Taute  Asaf Pekdeger 《水文研究》2008,22(6):788-801

Berlin relies on induced bank filtration from a broad‐scale, lake‐type surface water system. Because the surface water contains treated sewage, wastewater residues are present in surface water and groundwater. Multiple environmental tracers, including tritium and helium isotopes (³H, ³He, ⁴He), stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ²H) and a number of persistent sewage indicators, such as chloride, boron and a selection of pharmaceutical residues (phenazone‐type analgesics and their metabolites, carbamazepine and anthropogenic gadolinium, Gd_excess), were used to estimate travel times from the surface water to individual production and observation wells at two sites. The study revealed a strong vertical age stratification throughout the upper aquifer, with travel times varying from a few months to several decades in greater depth. Whereas the shallow bank filtrate is characterized by the reflection of the time‐variant tracer input concentrations and young ³H/³He ages, the deeper, older bank filtrate displays no tracer seasonality, ³H/³He ages of a few years to decades and strongly deviating concentrations of several pharmaceutical residues, reflecting concentrations of the source surface water over time. The phenazone‐type pharmaceuticals persist in the aquatic environments for decades. Bank filtration in Berlin is only possible at the sandy lakeshores. In greater water depth, impermeable lacustrine sapropels inhibit infiltration. The young bank filtrate originates from the nearest shore, whereas the older bank filtrate infiltrates at more distant shores. This paper illustrates the importance of using multiple tracer methods, capable of resolving a broad range of residence times, to gain a comprehensive understanding of time‐scales and infiltration characteristics in a bank filtration system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

PVDF管式超滤膜在低渗油田水处理中的研究及应用——以江苏台兴油田为例     

张奉东 《海洋地质译丛》2008,(2):92-94

根据低渗油田和特低渗油田的特点，研制出PVDF管式超滤膜，开展室内基础研究，并在江苏台兴油田进行中试和大规模的现场试验。经过处理后，水质标准达到油田回注水A1标准（SY／T5329-1994），满足了低渗油田和特低渗油田的注水要求。  相似文献   

高真空击密法在软地基处理中的应用     

彭博  邰永明 《海岸工程》2008,27(3):77-80

姑合工程实践，介绍快速“高真空击密法”软地基处理方法的施工原理、施工工艺及质量控制等，并简单阐述“高真空击密法”在进行软地基处理中的优点。  相似文献   

Effects of vegetation and sewage load on mangrove crab condition using experimental mesocosms     

Valter Amaral  Gil Penha-Lopes  José Paula 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Constructed wetlands, especially mangroves, have been studied for their usefulness in sewage treatment but the effects of mangrove vegetation and a sewage load on mangrove macrofauna have been given little attention. Ocypodid crabs are important components of mangrove forests and constitute good bioindicators of the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. In constructed mangrove mesocosms, three vegetation treatments (bare substratum, and Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata seedlings) were subjected to 0, 20, 60 and 100% sewage loads from a nearby hotel. The physiological condition of introduced Uca annulipes and Uca inversa was evaluated in terms of their RNA/DNA ratio after one, five and twelve months, and used as an indicator of ecological function in the system. Crab condition in 0% sewage load was similar to that of wild crabs throughout, suggesting no significant effects of the mesocosms on their RNA/DNA ratio. Overall, both species coped well with the administered sewage loads, suggesting good ecological function in the system. Both species manifested similar patterns in RNA/DNA ratio, being more affected by seasonal fluctuations than by sewage load and vegetation presence and type. Higher RNA/DNA ratios were recorded in the long compared to the short rainy season. Sewage enhanced crab condition in the bare substratum and R. mucronata treatments, especially after one year, probably as a result of enhanced food availability. Uca inversa may be more sensitive to sewage pollution than U. annulipes. In A. marina, no difference in crab condition was observed between sewage loads, and this mangrove yielded the best reduction in sewage impacts. Our results support the usefulness of constructed mangrove areas in sewage treatment, especially if planted with A. marina and inhabited by physiologically healthy ocypodid crabs to enhance the system's performance.  相似文献   

南黄海辐射沙脊群西洋水道污水输移扩散研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周智鹏  陶建峰  张长宽  徐凡  姚静 《海洋通报》2015,34(1):65-71

采用沿深平均二维数值模型对南黄海辐射沙脊群西洋海域的潮流场和物质扩散场进行了模拟,计算和分析了大潮情况下海域5 m、7 m和10 m 3种水深(理论基准面下)排放位置处达标污水输移扩散的范围及分布规律。结果表明,污水排入海后,会很快被稀释,各排放位置200和500稀释度等值线包络面积均较小,且包络面积随水深增加有明显变小的规律。拟合了不同污水排放量对应的200和500稀释倍数包络面积,发现两者呈良好的幂级数关系。  相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of zeolite X obtained from kaolin for adsorption of Zn（Ⅱ）   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

I. S. Ismael 《中国地球化学学报》2010,29(2):130-136

This study deals with the synthesis and characterization of low-silica zeolite X, from calcined Kalabsha kaolin, for adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution. The synthesis processes is performed under hydrothermal treatment in alkaline solutions. The obtained zeolite samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction, grain size distribution, surface area, and SEM. The critical molar ratios of both SiO2/Al2O3 and K2O/Na2O are about 2.9 and 0.16, respectively. Those ratios are needed to give individual low silica zeolite X in a minimum reaction time. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized products is determined by adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ) ions from solution. The results suggest that the zeolite obtained could be converted to a beneficial product, which will be used in future as an ion exchanger in removing heavy metals from wastewaters.  相似文献   

大气干湿沉降样品处理及配套分析方法     

张跃春  王蕊  尹春梅  郭爽  陈孝研  李艳梅 《吉林地质》2010,29(3):95-96

本文介绍了干湿沉降样品处理方法及测定其各元素含量的配套分析方法。  相似文献   

全胶结注浆法在煤矿采空区治理工程中的应用     

潘立文  伍松 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2010,21(1):47-52

由于煤矿采空区块段顶板基本保持悬空状态,上部岩体易产生沉陷变形,影响地表建筑物地基基础的稳定。全胶结注浆法,就是将水泥粉煤灰浆液直接注入采空区及其上覆岩体裂隙中,浆液固化后胶结岩体裂隙,同时采空区内的浆液形成的结石体对其上覆岩体形成支撑作用,阻止上覆岩体的进一步冒落,保证上部建筑物地基的稳定。山西省晋城富晋精密工业有限公司二期生产项目A区煤矿采空区治理工程应用该技术取得很好的治理效果,全胶结注浆法具有施工简单,安全性高,施工工艺成熟,施工易于管理,质量检测手段简便易行等优点,在同类型矿山采空区的治理中有较大的应用推广价值。  相似文献