Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献   

ISA-Hypoplasticity accounting for cyclic mobility effects for liquefaction analysis     

Fuentes  William  Wichtmann  Torsten  Gil  Melany  Lascarro  Carlos 《Acta Geotechnica》2020,15(6):1513-1531

Acta Geotechnica - The hypoplastic model for sands proposed by Wolffersdorff (Mech Cohes Frict Mater 1: 251–271, 1996) combined with the intergranular strain anisotropy by Fuentes and...  相似文献   

Rotation parameters of the Siberian domain and its eastern surrounding structures during different geological epochs     

V. Yu. Timofeev  A. Yu. Kazansky  D. G. Ardyukov  D. V. Metelkin  P. Yu. Gornov  N. V. Shestakov  A. V. Timofeev  G. Z. Gil’manova 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2011,5(4):288-297

The motion of lithospheric blocks was analyzed in the junction zone between the Eurasian Plate and its surrounding structures. Its present-day stage was considered using GPS and seismologic data. Models of the movement of a rigid plate are considered for Eurasia. A model of Eurasia (northern part of Asia) was used to determine the rotation parameters of its southern periphery (Amur Plate) based on GPS data for the Far East (Sikhote Alin profile), and Transbaikal regions are shown as an example. A model of the Amur Plate was used to illustrate the behavior of the extension zone on its western boundary represented by the Lake Baikal depression during the Kultuk earthquake (M = 6.3, August, 27, 2008). Paleomagnetic data made it possible to determine the rotation pole of the Siberian Craton relative to its surrounding folded structures during the Mesozoic and to estimate its kinematic parameters. The permanent position of the rotation pole in the relative coordinate system since the terminal Paleozoic until the Recent indicates a constant rotation velocity of the Siberian domain within the Eurasian Plate structure.  相似文献   

Evidence of gas hydrate from downhole logging data in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Gil Young Kim  Bo Yeon Yi  Dong Geun Yoo  Byong Jae Ryu  Michael Riedel 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2011,28(10):1979-1985

The Gas Hydrate Research and Development Organization (GHDO) of Korea successfully accomplished both coring (hydraulic piston and pressure coring) and logging (logging-while-drilling, LWD, and wireline logging) to investigate the presence of gas hydrate during the first deep drilling expedition in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea (referred to as UBGH1) in 2007. The LWD data from two sites (UBGH1-9, UBGH1-10) showed elevated electrical resistivity (>80 Ω-m) and P-wave velocity (>2000 m/s) values indicating the presence of gas hydrate. During the coring period, the richest gas hydrate accumulation was discovered at these intervals. Based on log data, the occurrence of gas hydrate is primarily controlled by the presence of fractures. The gas hydrate saturation calculated using Archie’s relation shows greater than 60% (as high as ∼90%) of the pore space, although Archie’s equation typically overestimates gas hydrate saturation in near-vertical fractures. The saturation of gas hydrate is also estimated using the modified Biot-Gassmann theory (BGTL) by Lee and Collett (2006). The saturation values estimated rom BGTL are much lower than those calculated from Archie’s equation. Based on log data, the hydrate-bearing sediment section is approximately 70 m (UBGH1-9) to 130 m (UBGH1-10) in thickness at these two sites. This was further directly confirmed by the recovery of gas hydrate samples and pore water freshening collected from deep drilling core during the expedition. LWD data also strongly support the interpretation of the seismic gas hydrate indicators (e.g., vent or chimney structures and bottom-simulating reflectors), which imply the probability of widespread gas hydrate presence in the Ulleung Basin.  相似文献   

Topo-Iberia project: CGPS crustal velocity field in the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco     

J. Garate  J. Martin-Davila  G. Khazaradze  A. Echeverria  E. Asensio  A. J. Gil  M. C. de Lacy  J. A. Armenteros  A. M. Ruiz  J. Gallastegui  F. Alvarez-Lobato  C. Ayala  G. Rodríguez-Caderot  J. Galindo-Zaldívar  A. Rimi  M. Harnafi 《GPS Solutions》2015,19(2):287-295

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Characterization and rehabilitation of the “Porta Férrea” stone materials,University of Coimbra,Portugal     

Lídia Catarino  Francisco P. S. C. Gil  Mário Quinta-Ferreira  Fernando Marques 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(11):416

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Vulnerability of groundwater systems with sea level rise in coastal aquifers, South Korea     

Sung-Ho Song  Gil Zemansky 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(6):1865-1876

Groundwater systems in coastal aquifers may be affected by sea level change as increased seawater intrusion occurs with sea level rise. Artificial pumping taking place at the same time will increase this impact. In order to estimate the vulnerability of groundwater systems with sea level rise within coastal aquifers in South Korea, long-term groundwater data were analyzed using basic statistics, trend analysis, and correlation analysis. Conductivity depth profiling was also periodically conducted. Groundwater levels increased in wells with relatively low groundwater elevations but decreased in wells with higher groundwater elevations. At the same time, conductivity variations were greater in wells located in reclaimed land areas, which vertical conductivity profiles indicated were more affected by sea level variations, but decreased on the mainland. Results of auto-correlation analysis showed a decreasing trend with cyclic variations and significant periodic patterns during dry seasons, indicating that groundwater levels were not affected by artificial factors and that those in reclaimed land areas were less affected by rainfall than on the mainland. These results coincided with those from cross-correlation analysis showing that groundwater level was affected by sea level variation during the dry season. Sea level changes, which may be related to climate change, as well as rainfall in South Korea can influence groundwater levels, and the groundwater system in reclaimed land areas may be more affected than on the mainland, especially under dry conditions.  相似文献   

Effects of vegetation and sewage load on mangrove crab condition using experimental mesocosms     

Valter Amaral  Gil Penha-Lopes  José Paula 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Constructed wetlands, especially mangroves, have been studied for their usefulness in sewage treatment but the effects of mangrove vegetation and a sewage load on mangrove macrofauna have been given little attention. Ocypodid crabs are important components of mangrove forests and constitute good bioindicators of the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. In constructed mangrove mesocosms, three vegetation treatments (bare substratum, and Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata seedlings) were subjected to 0, 20, 60 and 100% sewage loads from a nearby hotel. The physiological condition of introduced Uca annulipes and Uca inversa was evaluated in terms of their RNA/DNA ratio after one, five and twelve months, and used as an indicator of ecological function in the system. Crab condition in 0% sewage load was similar to that of wild crabs throughout, suggesting no significant effects of the mesocosms on their RNA/DNA ratio. Overall, both species coped well with the administered sewage loads, suggesting good ecological function in the system. Both species manifested similar patterns in RNA/DNA ratio, being more affected by seasonal fluctuations than by sewage load and vegetation presence and type. Higher RNA/DNA ratios were recorded in the long compared to the short rainy season. Sewage enhanced crab condition in the bare substratum and R. mucronata treatments, especially after one year, probably as a result of enhanced food availability. Uca inversa may be more sensitive to sewage pollution than U. annulipes. In A. marina, no difference in crab condition was observed between sewage loads, and this mangrove yielded the best reduction in sewage impacts. Our results support the usefulness of constructed mangrove areas in sewage treatment, especially if planted with A. marina and inhabited by physiologically healthy ocypodid crabs to enhance the system's performance.  相似文献   

Microstructural evidences for thermal runaway and deep palaeoseismic activity (Cabo Ortegal,NW Spain)     

P. Puelles  B. balos  J. I. Gil Ibarguchi 《地学学报》2007,19(3):219-224

Abstract The occurrence of high‐pressure granulite facies tectonites with features at the outcrop and thin section scale, characteristic of both pseudotachylytes and ultramylonites, is reported in the Cabo Ortegal complex (NW Spain). We interpret that these rocks formed due to a seismic event at great depth (1.4 GPa) under high‐temperature conditions (740 °C). Shear heating and thermal runaway mechanism would have been responsible for the failure of the still hot and mechanically rigid granulites and provoked melt formation and the accumulation at dilatational jogs. Ambient high P and T conditions would have led to subsequent recrystallization of the previously formed melt accounting for the present weak planar fabric.  相似文献   

On the origins of part-time radio pulsars   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bing Zhang  Janusz Gil  Jaroslaw Dyks 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,374(3):1103-1107

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