我国西南地区年径流变异及变化趋势研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

刘春蓁  杨建青 《气候与环境研究》2002,7(4):415-422

用寸滩与梧州水文站上百年长系列径流资料,分析研究了由于气候均值变化引起的年径流均值、表征年径流年际变化幅度的变差系数Cv及表征其分布偏态特征的偏差系数Cs的变化.并研究了仅由均值变化引起的这两个流域丰水、平水及枯水年出现的概率变化.所得结果对气候变化影响下水资源管理中的适应对策问题有一定的参考价值.为了得到气候变化引起的年径流均值和Cv、Cs值的变化,除了应给出未来30年气候均值变化情景外,还应给出气候系列变异的可能变化,以修正原水文-气候基准系列的自然波动.  相似文献   

山区农业气候区划中年平均气温空间序列的正态性研究   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

康锡言  高建华 《气象科技》2005,33(2):185-188192

选取河北省西部地区30个国家基本站30年年平均气温作为样本,通过对总体样本、分区样本的偏度系数、峰度系数的分析,研究了各站点组成的空间序列,年平均气温以及地理参数(海拔高度、经度、纬度)的正态性。研究发现：总体样本的年平均气温、海拔高度不遵从正态分布,而经度、纬度能较好的遵从正态分布;按照经纬度跨度不大于1．5,尽量多选取山区站;或既要多选山区站,又要使同一分区的站点具有相同的气候特点两种原则,对站点进行分区,能使分区样本的年平均气温和地理参数均遵从正态分布。  相似文献   

Effects of following and opposing vertical current shear on nonlinear wave interactions     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

A Navier-Stokes solver in OpenFOAM^® is combined with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) surface capturing method to investigate the wave interaction with depth-varying currents in intermediate and shallow waters. A special attention is paid to the separate effect of vertical current shear on near resonant triad wave interactions. It was found that in the presence of following vertical current shear, the wave exhibits a sharper crest and flatter trough, and the opposite is true in the presence of opposing vertical current shear. Our model results indicate that the wave steepness at which the current shear starts to affect the crest elevation is greater in deeper water than in shallower water. We found that adding vertical current shear to the uniform current further enhances the relative harmonic wave energy and the extent of triad interaction in the following current while weakens them in the opposing current. As a result, following and opposing current shear may cause wave to break at a lower and higher sea state respectively. Due to the increased wave nonlinearity in the presence of a following current shear, a linear superposition of the individual wave and current velocities is no longer adequate to represent the total horizontal velocity close to the free surface.  相似文献   

顾及偏态的IQR法则在GPS时间序列异常值探测中的应用     

杨凯钧  袁鹏  秦昌威 《大地测量与地球动力学》2015,35(5):793-796

引入非正态数据分布偏态因子MC值对GPS时间序列的偏态性进行度量,并构造相应的函数,改进标准IQR法则中异常值的探测区间。利用Sopac提供的CHAN站时间序列进行实验,剔除异常值后进行插补,人工添加不同量级、不同密度的异常值。分别对比两种方案的探测结果,证实顾及偏态的IQR法则较标准IQR法则算法更严谨、探测效果更好。  相似文献   

改进的参数统计机载雷达点云滤波方法     

胡永杰  程朋根  陈晓勇  李荣  辛俊伟 《测绘科学》2015,(11):39-42

针对基于高程的偏度参数统计的LiDAR数据滤波对地形起伏城区滤波适应性不强的弱点,文章对该方法进行了改进,提出基于二次曲面高程残差的偏度参数统计法的LiDAR数据滤波。实验结果表明改进的方法不仅延续了参数统计法无需阈值的优势,而且对城区滤波更具适应性、合理性和稳定性,能够明显提高滤波精度。  相似文献   

Comparison of impacts of dams on the annual maximum flow characteristics in three regulated hydrologic regimes in Québec (Canada)     

Ali A. Assani  milie Stichelbout  Andr G. Roy  Franois Petit 《水文研究》2006,20(16):3485-3501

Despite the presence of numerous dams in Québec, no study has yet been devoted to their impacts on flood levels. To compensate for this deficiency, we have compared the impacts of dams on the five characteristics (magnitude and its interannual variability, timing and its interannual variability, and asymmetry) of the maximum annual flows between natural rivers and regulated rivers by means of several statistical approaches (analysis of variance, chi‐square test, nonparametric tests, etc.). In the course of this study, we analysed 88 stations on pristine rivers and 60 stations on regulated rivers. The latter group was subdivided into three regulated hydrologic regimes, i.e. inversed flow regimes (25 stations), homogenization flow regimes (15 stations) and natural‐type flow regimes (20 stations). The following observations emerge from this study. (1) In inversed and homogenization flow regimes, generally associated with reservoirs, all the flow characteristics are modified. These modifications notably entrain a decrease in magnitude, a significant reduction in the frequency of the maximum annual spring flows when the snow is melting and an increase in skewness of the distribution and interannual variability of the magnitude and dates of occurrence of the annual maximum flows. We also observed the disappearance of most flows with a recurrence of over 10 years. All these changes particularly affect watersheds larger than 10 000 km². (2) In natural‐type flow regimes, often associated with run‐of‐river dams, very few changes were observed compared with pristine rivers. These changes primarily affected watersheds smaller than 1000 km². Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

辽河口岸线变化对潮不对称影响的研究          下载免费PDF全文

李庆臻  张学庆  赵杨  于金珍 《应用海洋学学报》2018,37(3):339-347

受河口地形等因素的影响,潮汐潮流会出现涨落潮不对称现象,这种不对称对河口物质输运过程具有重要的影响.本研究采用流通量偏度和水位不对称度的统计方法研究辽河口岸线变化对潮波变形的影响.结果表明,辽河口潮汐潮流不对称性表现为涨潮主导型,岸线变化导致涨潮历时延长,落潮历时减小,不对称度缩减了0.007~0.071;岸线变化导致涨潮流速减小,落潮流速增大,流通量偏度缩减了0.000~0.248,岸线变化对潮流不对称的影响程度比对潮汐影响的程度大.  相似文献   

联立偏度与峰度变化曲线的机载LiDAR点云滤波方法     

孙蒙  顾和和 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(1):48-52

针对经典滤波算法易受参数、阈值选取影响以及传统偏度平衡方法滤波结果不理想等问题,提出一种联立偏度与峰度变化曲线的机载LiDAR点云二次滤波方法。该方法不受参数与阈值选取影响,在联立初始LiDAR点云二者基础上,通过在其变化曲线上寻找最优偏度平衡点完成一次滤波;然后对初次滤波后获取地面点进行多项式曲面拟合,根据拟合后的高差统计值进行偏度平衡二次滤波。实验结果表明:该方法能保证变化很小的前提下,减少和总误差,滤波效果更好。  相似文献   

Effects of Wave Breaking on Freak Wave Generation in Random Wave Train     

赵西增  孙昭晨  梁书秀 《中国海洋工程》2010,(4)

The experimental studies of the wave breaking effects on freak wave generation are presented within a finite-depth random wave train in a laboratory wave tank. The main attention is paid to the abnormal index,AI=Hmax/Hs,being used to characterize the freak waves,and the changes of the coefficient due to wave breaking. The results show that the occurrence probability of freak wave events in non-breaking waves is much larger than that in breaking waves and such occurrence in deep water is larger than that in ...  相似文献   

Skewness of subsurface ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific based on assimilated data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苏京志  张人禾  LI Tim  容新尧 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(3):600-606

The skewness of subsurface temperature anomaly in the equatorial Pacific Ocean shows a significant asymmetry between the east and west.A positive temperature skewness appears in the equatorial eastern Pacific,while the temperature skewness in the western and central Pacific is primarily negative.There is also an asymmetry of the temperature skewness above and below the climatological mean thermocline in the central and western Pacific.A positive skewness appears below the thermocline,but the skewness is neg...  相似文献