SWAN: A study of Solar Wind Anisotropies on SOHO with Lyman alpha sky mapping     

J. L. Bertaux  E. Kyrölä  E. Quémerais  R. Pellinen  R. Lallement  W. Schmidt  M. Berthé  E. Dimarellis  J. P. Goutail  C. Taulemesse  C. Bernard  G. Leppelmeier  T. Summanen  H. Hannula  H. Huomo  V. Kehlä  S. Korpela  K. Leppälä  E. Strömmer  J. Torsti  K. Viherkanto  J. F. Hochedez  G. Chretiennot  R. Peyroux  T. Holzer 《Solar physics》1995,162(1-2):403-439

On board the SOHO spacecraft poised at L1 Lagrange point, the SWAN instrument is mainly devoted to the measurement of large scale structures of the solar wind, and in particular the distribution with heliographic latitude of the solar wind mass flux. This is obtained from an intensity map of the sky Lyman emission, which reflects the shape of the ionization cavity carved in the flow of interstellar H atoms by the solar wind. The methodology, inversion procedure and related complications are described. The subject of latitude variation of the solar wind is shortly reviewed: earlier Lyman results from Prognoz in 1976 are confirmed by Ulysses. The importance of the actual value of the solar wind mass flux for the equation of dynamics in a polar coronal hole is stressed. The instrument is composed of one electronic unit commanding two identical Sensor Units, each of them allowing to map a full hemisphere with a resolution of 1°, thanks to a two-mirrors periscope system. The design is described in some details, and the rationale for choice between several variants are discussed. A hydrogen absorption cell is used to measure the shape of the interplanetary Lyman line and other Lyman emissions. Other types of observations are also discussed : the geocorona, comets (old and new), the solar corona, and a possible signature of the heliopause. The connexion with some other SOHO instruments, in particular LASCO, UVCS, SUMER, is briefly discussed.  相似文献   

Critical remarks on the use of medieval eclipse records for the determination of long-term changes in the Earth's rotation     

W. Dalmau 《Surveys in Geophysics》1997,18(2-3):213-223

The use of some Arabic medieval solar and lunar eclipse records for the determination of secular changes in the Earth's rotation is critically reviewed. The published results derived from these data suggest a non-uniform decrease in the Earth's rotation rate over the last 27 cy. There is, however, up to this day no sound physical explanation for the deduced non-tidal oscillations, with an apparent period of about 1500 yr and a semi-amplitude of some 4 ms in the l.o.d., which overlayed to a constant secular tidal change in the Earth's rotation rate produce a net non-uniform deceleration of the Earth's rotation. In this paper we discuss a set of observations, which were executed by professional Arabic astronomers. We show by our analysis the way in which the non-uniform deceleration of the Earth's rotation was constructed. A correct reading of the Arabic medieval observations shows that they do not contradict a secular constant decrease in the Earth's rotation rate of nearly -4.6 10-22 rad s-2. This value is in accordance with other similar ones derived from ancient eclipse records and from satellite tracking data.  相似文献   

应用断层气氡进行地震监测预报   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

许秋龙  王瑞平 《内陆地震》1997,11(2):160-167

概述了断层气氡观测点的地理位置,地质环境和观测条件,用最优周期谱持和多元逐步回归分析方法对观测资料进行了详细分析,分析结果表明观测曲线具有“冬高夏低”的年动态变化和固体潮变化特征。其中固体潮变化是断层气氡进行地震监测预报的力不基础。  相似文献   

高分辨率遥感图像厚云检测算法     

郭秋  李大成  刘贺春 《地域研究与开发》2016,(4):172-176

针对高空间分辨率多光谱图像,设计了一种基于缨帽变换、数据正则化以及多尺度光谱分析技术的多尺度循环检测算法。实验结果表明:对于Landsat-7 ETM+图像,其检测精度与基于热波段的自动化云量估计算法相近,但优于传统的直接分类方法(最大似然分类与ISODATA分类)。由于该算法无需借助热波段及其他辅助数据,因而在实现高分辨率图像厚云掩膜的高效与高精度提取方面具有很高的应用潜力。  相似文献   

基于GF-1与Landsat-8影像的土地覆盖分类比较   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

宋军伟  张友静  李鑫川  杨文治 《地理科学进展》2016,35(2):255-263

高分一号(GF-1)卫星具有多种分辨率与大幅宽结合、重访周期短等优势,而Landsat-8卫星具有多波段、高辐射分辨率等优势。针对不同传感器参数特点,利用支持向量机分类器(SVM)对同区域同期两种数据进行土地覆盖分类对比研究。结果表明：两种传感器对应波段决定系数均大于0.92;典型样本的光谱趋势一致性良好,但在农田与林地、不透水面与裸土的典型样本可分离性方面,Landsat-8优于GF-1;GF-1与Landsat-8的分类总精度分别为90.38%和90.07%,但不同地物类型的分类精度存在差异,波谱响应函数的差异可能是导致Landsat-8对林地的分类精度高于GF-1的原因;此外,GF-1对零碎分布地物类型的分类精度高于Landsat-8,主要原因是GF-1具有更高的空间分辨率。  相似文献   

高光谱蚀变矿物提取在地质找矿中的应用——以吉林某斑岩型钼矿为例     

李希 《地质与勘探》2016,52(3):489-496

国内外已广泛使用高光谱方法提取和识别岩石和矿物的技术。本文利用这个技术,在地面光谱测试、数据处理和光谱特征分析的基础上,提取和识别出斑岩钼矿区的蚀变矿物,通过分析与钼矿化蚀变的相关性,从12种主要蚀变矿物中优选出5种在矿区具有代表性的蚀变矿物:绢云母、蒙脱石、伊利石化绢云母、高岭石(结晶差)和铁镁绿泥石。结合其空间分布和分带特征,分析了与钼矿化的关系,进而划分出内、中和外三个蚀变带,预测了矿区的找矿方向,并提供了一种新的找矿思路。  相似文献   

Promoting green industrial development through local content requirements: India's National Solar Mission     

Oliver Johnson 《Climate Policy》2016,16(2):178-195

In order to make renewable energy technology deployment strategies politically acceptable, many countries are linking them to other socio-economic goals. A controversial industrial policy tool that is increasingly popular is the use of local content requirements (LCRs). These regulate the extent to which certain projects must use local products and are often justified on the basis of supporting local employment and private sector development. The LCR debate has centred on the rights and wrongs of protecting infant industry, with little progress being made in finding common ground. This article aims to move beyond this stalemate to understand conditions under which LCRs might be an effective tool for promoting local manufacturing. To do so, an effectiveness framework is applied to LCRs for solar photovoltaics in India's National Solar Mission. The article finds that for LCRs to be effective, they must be (1) limited in duration and incorporate planned evaluation phases, (2) focused on technologies and components for which technical expertise is available and global market entry barriers are manageable, and (3) linked to training and promotion of business linkages and linked to support for other stages of the value chain and wider services integral to success of renewable energy industries.

Policy relevance

It is widely appreciated that governments need to support renewable energy technology deployment in order to mitigate climate change. However, policy makers face increasing pressure to link such support with other socio-economic goals, such as job creation, economic development, and poverty reduction. One such policy support mechanism is the use of local content requirements (LCRs) linked to feed-in tariffs. Policy makers are faced with a difficult choice as manufacturing interest groups lobby for the establishment of protection measures such as LCRs whilst the international trade community led by the World Trade Organization (WTO) seeks to limit their use. This difficulty is amplified by the limited information on the impact of LCRs on job creation and economic development. In this context, this article documents the use of LCRs in India's National Solar Mission and seeks to understand the conditions under which LCRs are an effective policy tool for building a competitive local manufacturing industry.  相似文献   

甘肃中部降水性层状云微物理结构特征个例分析     

庞朝云  黄山  张丰伟 《气象科技》2016,44(5):805-810

利用机载PMS粒子探测系统对2006年8月27日甘肃省中部一次降水性天气过程进行空中观测,对云中微物理特征进行了分析。研究发现云层中小粒子对含水量的贡献较大,云层主要以平均直径小于20μm的小云滴为主。在低层云滴浓度和含水量大于上层,而平均直径小于上层,符合"播撒-供给"降水机理,云上部主要增长方式有凝华增长、淞附增长,在云下部主要增长机制是碰并增长。  相似文献   

Spatial justice and the land politics of renewables: Dispossessing vulnerable communities through solar energy mega-projects     

《Geoforum》2016

This paper considers aspects of spatial justice in the processes of land acquisition for large-scale solar energy projects in the developmentalist context of India. It explores the case of one of the world’s largest solar park projects in Charanka, Gujarat. While the official rhetoric suggests an inclusive project for globally benign renewable energy production, the research reveals a more controversial land and power politics of renewable energy. It is argued, in particular, that the project increases the precariousness of vulnerable communities, who are exposed to the loss of livelihoods due to the enclosure of common land and extra-legal mechanisms through which land acquisitions for the project have reportedly taken place. This case exemplifies how solar mega-projects may manifest a regime of accumulation whereby low-carbon coalitions of interests can maximize their gains by dispossessing vulnerable social groups of their life-sustaining assets.  相似文献   

The Cyclic Spectrum Analysis of IMFs of EMD and Its Application to Gravity Tide     

Quan Haiyan  Liu Yan 《地球科学进展》2016,31(9):919-925

IMFs sifted out by EMD are the FM-AM components. In the paper, by the cyclic spectrum analysis, IMFs are demodulated as the two periodic components which are identical to the intrinsic physical concepts. Using the method, the half-day-tide M₂, the day-tide O₁, and the half-month-tide M_f are extracted from the gravity tide signal, and a conclusion is drawn that the half-day-tide M₂ and the day-tide O₁ are primary components of gravity tide signal, and the half-month-tide M_f is modulated in the half-day-tide M₂ and the day-tide O₁.  相似文献