格尔木河中下游微量元素地球化学变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谭红兵  于升松  刘兴起 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2001,31(3):273-278,283

为了查明格尔木河淡水与达布逊湖卤水中一些特征微量元素浓度变化特征 ,于 1999年 8月对格尔木河流域进行了系统考察 ,同时以对格尔木市工农业生产及居民生活有重要影响的格尔木河为主线 ,从中下游至达布逊湖段对河水取样做了B、Li、Rb、Sr、Pb、Cd、Zn、Co、Ni、Cu、Fe、Mn等元素的含量变化分析。根据前人的研究资料及此次的分析结果 ,格尔木河水中微量元素组成具有富B、Li、Pb、Cd而贫Zn、Fe的特征 ;河水在流经格尔木市后大多微量元素含量显著增高 ,且在洪冲积扇区东河段形成一局部异常带 ;B、Li在该区作为资源性元素 ,具特征的线性正相关关系 ,其比值在同一类型的水体介质中变化不大 ,但不同类型的水体 (淡、咸水 )比值差别较大 ,相比之下 ,Li更趋向于在迁移终点 (盐湖 )富集。鉴于B、Li资源的相关共存性 ,建议在开采贵金属Li资源的同时 ,考虑B资源的综合利用  相似文献   

微量元素记录的化学风化和气候变化：以巴丹吉林沙漠查格勒布鲁剖面为例   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

高全洲  陶贞  董光荣 《中国沙漠》2001,21(4):374-379

查格勒布鲁剖面包含7种类型的沉积相，地层中微量元素的总质量分数大致按照“风成砂→湖相层→黄土→古土壤”的顺序递增。多数微量元素的质量分数在剖面中的演化趋势与沉积物的中值粒烃和硅酸系数的大小呈负相关。与洛川剖面的马兰黄土相比，查格勒布鲁剖面上更新统地层处于相对微弱的化学风化环境，表明，晚更新世期间，巴丹吉林沙漠一带的干湿变化取决于东亚夏季风的盛衰，西风气流带来的降水到达不了巴丹吉林沙漠附近地区。  相似文献   

重金属在碳酸钙—水界面间的沉淀反应特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴宏海  侯宝利  胡勇有  黄瑞敏 《矿物岩石》2001,21(2):22-25

首先进行Cu^2 ,Pb^2 和Cd^2 等重金属离子溶液与方解石和轻质碳酸钙间的沉淀反应实验，然后对方解石与重金属离子的反应产物作了SEM观察与EDS能谱分析，研究表明，在本文的实验条件下，重金属与碳酸钙间的表面反应主要表现为表面沉淀，其中，Cd^2 离子在界面中的行为还涉及晶格扩散作用。  相似文献   

Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of heavy metals over the North Sea: A literature review   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Jasna Injuk  René van Grieken 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1995,20(2):179-212

A literature review of the atmospheric concentration rates and dry and wet deposition fluxes of particulate Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn to the North Sea and adjacent areas is given. The results of direct measurements of dry and wet deposition fluxes are compared to indirect estimates and to modelling values. This work points out the large uncertainties in results of different studies on atmospheric input of trace elements into the North Sea. The current knowledge about the dependence of the deposition velocity upon the particle size and about the processes controlling wet deposition fluxes, and the quality and completeness of the emission data are still inadequate for describing the environmental cycle and impact of heavy metals in the North Sea.  相似文献   

Trace elements in tropical African savanna biomass burning aerosols   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A. Gaudichet  F. Echalar  B. Chatenet  J. P. Quisefit  G. Malingre  H. Cachier  P. Buat-Menard  P. Artaxo  W. Maenhaut 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1995,22(1-2):19-39

As a part of the FOS/DECAFE experiment, aerosol particles emitted during prescribed savanna fires were collected in January 1991 at Lamto (Ivory Coast), either close to the emission or in ambient air. Analytical transmission electron microscopy pointed out the presence of sub-micrometer soots, salt condensates, vegetation relicts and soil derived particles. The samples were also analyzed for their total particulate matter (TPM) content and elemental composition by PIXE or XRF. At the emission, high concentrations of soil derived elements (Fe and Al) pointed out an intense remobilization process during the fires. Biomass burning emissions contributed to more than 90% of the measured concentrations, of P, Cl, S, K, Cu and Zn, which were found primarily in the fine fraction with the exception of P. Near the emission, K was mainly present as KCl, evolving to K₂SO₄ in the ambient samples. Trace elements emission factors were obtained for the first time for the African savanna burning and their annual emissions were estimated: our median K emission factor (0.78 g/kg of C) is higher than estimates for other ecosystems (0.2–0.58 g/kg of C); Zn emissions (0.008 Tg/year) account for 4 to 11% of the global anthropogenic emissions.  相似文献   

湘潭县岳麓山组中遗迹化石组合及环境分析     

黄建中  孙海清 《湖南地质》1995,14(1):34-36

该文对岳麓山组遗迹化石进行了较系统研究，初步建立了５个遗迹化石组合，分别指出了该组由下往上的５个沉积微相相序，指出其总体上属于中低能的潮间－潮下带上部沉积环境，与产出围岩原生沉积构造环境差别结果一致。  相似文献   

热液过程贵金属的共生分离机制     

张生  李统锦 《地质科技情报》1995,14(2):63-68

依据国外贵金属最新水热实验研究和溶解度计算结果，对热液条件下金、银和铂族元素的共生分离机制进行了综述，指出源岩特征、热液性质和活动历史、配合物类型及其热动力学性质、贵金属相对溶解度和沉淀物理化学条件等因素值得予以重视。  相似文献   

Plant species as indicators of geochemical anomalies: Experiences onIlex aquifolium (holly)     

P. Cellini Legittimo  L. Ducceschi  M. Martini 《Environmental Geology》1995,25(2):114-118

The distribution of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu, in plants growing in mineralized and sterile areas of Tuscany has been studied to verify if and to what extent metalaccumulating species represent evidence of geochemical anomalies in soils. Samples of leaves and twigs from trees were collected, and analyzed by means of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Hollies, brambles, and Holm oaks in particular were considered in the mineralized area of Bottino, and the special aptitude of hollies in concentrating Cd with respect to the other metals has been verified. Cadmium has been previously recognized as a pathfinder for zinc ore bodies; the results of this investigation appear to point out the relevance of holly as a bioindicator of geochemical zinc anomalies. Lower metal concentration characterizes the same species from other mineralized and sterile zones, with the exception of the urbanized area of Florence, where relatively higher Zn concentrations in hollies appear to be due to atmospheric pollution.  相似文献   

Anthropogenic marker evidence for accelerated sedimentation in Lake Illawarra,New South Wales,Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. E. Chenhall  I. Yassini  A. M. Depers  G. Caitcheon  B. G. Jones  G. E. Batley  G. S. Ohmsen 《Environmental Geology》1995,26(2):124-135

The chronology of near-surface sediments in Lake Illawarra has been investigated using radiocarbon dating and anthropogenically derived substances including trace metals, ash, and¹³⁷Cs. Sediments at depths about 1 m below the water-sediment interface ranged in age from Modern to 786 calendar years bp on the basis of radiocarbon dating ofNotospisula trigonella valves. Multiple marker (for example ash-trace metals) depth-concentration sediment profiles yielded estimates of sedimentation rate ranging from 3 to 5 mm yr^–1 at Griffins Bay to more than 16 mm yr^–1 at Macquarie Rivulet. Sedimentation rates of approximately 10 mm yr^–1 appeared to be typical of the western and southwestern portions of the lagoon. Rates of sediment accretion, prior to catchment clearing, urbanization, and industrialization have been estimated at less than 1 mm yr^–1, thus indicating a general tenfold increase in sediment accumulation adjacent to the western foreshore caused by catchment development. Accelerated sedimentation in shallow coastal lagoons constitutes significant environmental impacts including shoaling, degradation of seagrass beds, and increased turbidity with consequent loss of aesthetic appeal. Management policy should be directed at attempts to reduce the amount of sediment input by the construction of strategically placed sediment retention ponds. Siltation within the shallow embayments of Lake Illawarra could be ameliorated by a carefully planned program of dredging.  相似文献   

微量元素及重矿物判别分析在西昆仑山前第三系划分对比中的应用   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

丁跃潮 《新疆地质》1995,(3)

采用微量元素和重矿物判别分析方法解决百昆仑山前长期未解决的红色哑地层划分对比问题。微量元素和重矿物与沉积环境及物源性质密切相关。不同时期，不同水系（物源区）的沉积岩具有不同的重矿物和微量元素特征。在西昆仑山前初步建立了３条微量元素和重矿物标准剖面，每条剖面均建立了划分组段的微量元素和重矿物两套判别函数。用以解决地面或井下未知层位样品的判别归属问题，经地面和井下验证取得初步成效。  相似文献