Interaction of Freshly Precipitated Silica Gel with Aqueous Silicic Acid Solutions under Ambient and Near Neutral pH-conditions: A Detailed Analysis of Linear Rate Law     

Jiří Faimon  Martin Blecha 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2008,14(1):1-40

Interaction of freshly precipitated silica gel with aqueous solutions was studied at laboratory batch experiments under ambient and near neutral pH-conditions. The overall process showed excellent reversibility: gel growth could be considered as an opposite process to dissolution and a linear rate law could be applied to experimental data. Depending on the used rate law form, the resulting rate constants were sensitive to errors in parameters/variables such as gel surface area, equilibrium constants, Si-fluxes, and reaction quotients. The application of an Integrated Exponential Model appeared to be the best approach for dissolution data evaluation. It yielded the rate constants k _dissol ∼ (4.50 ± 0.68) × 10⁻¹² and k _growth ∼ (2.58 ± 0.39) × 10⁻⁹ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ for zero ionic strength. In contrast, a Differential Model gave best results for growth data modeling. It yielded the rate constants k _dissol ∼ (1.14 ± 0.44) × 10⁻¹¹ and k _growth ∼ (6.08 ± 2.37) × 10⁻⁹ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ for higher ionic strength (I ∼ 0.04 to 0.11 mol L⁻¹). The found silica gel solubility at zero ionic strength was somewhat lower than the generally accepted value. Based on the and standard Gibbs free energy of silica gel formation was calculated as and −850,318 ± 20 J mol⁻¹, respectively. Activation energies for silica gel dissolution and growth were determined as and respectively. An universal value for growth of any silica polymorph, is not consistent with the value for silica gel growth, which questions the hypothesis about one unique activated complex controlling the silica polymorph growth.  相似文献   

Comparative proteome analysis of butachlor-degrading bacteria   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jinhua Wang  Yitong Lu  Yingying Chen 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(6):1339-1344

A Pseudomonas putida strain, named ER1, was isolated from an agricultural soil and found to actively degrade the herbicide butachlor. The enzyme extracted from ER1 could degrade butachlor. Furthermore, incubation of ER1 in a medium containing 50 mg/kg of butachlor after 3 days resulted in the high butachlor-degrading enzyme activity of ER1. Response of ER1 to butachlor might be related to changes in protein composition at both quantitative and qualitative levels. Total proteins were extracted from control strain (incubated in the medium without butachlor) and the treated strain (incubated in the medium with butachlor). The proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Of the total number of ER1 protein, 11 spots were significantly changed under butachlor stress. Analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry coupled with database searching allowed the function of some proteins which were similar to the hydrolases activity or oxidoreductase activity.  相似文献   

HYDRODYNAMIC MODELLING OF ESTUARINE CIRCULATION USING A SPLINE METHOD OF FRACTIONAL STEPS     

Pu Wang  R. Kahawita Professor of Mechanics  Lenzhou University  Lanzhou  China. Professor of Civil Ensineering  Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Canada. 《国际泥沙研究》1990,(1)

I. INTRODUCTIONNumerical models of estuaries incorporating simulation of the density induced circulation are consideredimPOrtant tools in the assessment of their dispersive characteristics. Most models to date have used finite difference approximations to the governing equations (see for example thericke and Hogan, 1977, Blumberg,1 977, Perrels and Karelse, 1978). A numeriCal model of estuarine circulation using a SADI (Spline Alternating Direction implicit) procedure together with a…  相似文献   

概念性河口及长江口淤积机制分析模拟     

白玉川  洪育超  王勇  徐海珏  陆婷婷  苏俐珊 《海洋科学》2016,40(8):138-149

为了探求河口淤积原因,从概念河口的角度出发,通过概化河口形态建立概念性河口模型,以二维水沙数学模型为工具,模拟分析了5种河口淤积机制;建立了长江口水沙二维数学模型,对长江口区域水沙特征及淤积状况进行了模拟分析。研究表明,建立概念性河口有助于研究不同形式河口的淤积机制,对于长江口水域,其不同区域淤积机制不一,其治理措施也应有所区别,找出河口不同区域起主导作用的泥沙淤积机制,有利于人们更合理地治理河口。  相似文献   

沙脊沙波泥沙数学模型的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李大鸣  王笑  王鑫  李杨杨 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(5):141-149

在剪切水流条件下,基于水沙两相流动量方程,推导出描述海底沙脊沙波内在演变规律的基本方程。将此方程与二维浅水环流方程、波浪折射-绕射方程进行耦合,建立大范围海区平面二维波、流、泥沙数学模型,并结合海区实际观测水文地质、潮汐、波浪、泥沙资料进行模型验证。通过对比分析发现,数值模拟值与实测站位观测值二者吻合较好,表明了模型的可靠性。应用此模型对东方1-1气田穿越的大范围海底沙脊沙波在相应海动力条件下的移动规律及演变趋势进行定量预测,结果显示,随着时间的推移,沙脊沙波移动距离逐年递增,但发展变化趋势基本稳定。  相似文献   

Two-Dimensional Numerical Analysis of the Subgrade Improved By Stone Columns in the Soft Soil Area     

Qiang Yuan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2016,34(1):79-86

Based on the vertical equal strain assumption, there are many consolidation theories of soft soil incorporating vertical drains. Because the influence of many factors is often ignored and the flow of the pore water usually happens in three-dimensional directions, analytical solutions could not be accurate enough. Because of the amount of computer storage and the computing time needed, two-dimensional finite element analysis is used to model the stone column improving the soft foundation. The embankment load is transferred to a column because of the soil arching effect. When the embankment is constructed, the settlement accounts for 64% of the total settlement, which shows that the column can reduce the post-construction settlement. The stone column's bulge is confined to a length about one to two times the diameter of the stone column away from its top, and the column at the toe would bears the shear stress to some extent.  相似文献   

无固相弱凝胶钻井液在水井施工中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

吴跃钢  徐菁 《探矿工程》2016,43(10):261-264

结合水井施工实例,开展了对无固相弱凝胶钻井液及生物酶破胶剂的应用研究。弱凝胶钻井液具有独特的流变性,动塑比高、低剪切速率粘度高,有很好的携砂能力,除具备冷却钻头、清除孔底岩屑、护壁防坍功能外,还具有无固相,不易堵塞地层孔隙,减少钻井液中固相对含水层的伤害的特点。加入生物酶破胶剂后,能清除在井壁形成的泥皮,疏通水流通道,取得了单井出水量和渗透系数有较大增加的应用效果,对在水井施工中加强含水层的保护提供了新的方法。  相似文献   

提取江蓠琼脂新工艺条件的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李来好  陈培基  王道公  吴燕燕 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(Z1)

提取江蓠琼脂新工艺条件的研究李来好，陈培基，王道公，吴燕燕（中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所水产加工研究室）摘要采用＂高温稀碱法＂提取江蓠琼脂，系统地研究了江蓠的碱处理、漂白和提胶的新工艺条件。其主要特点是：（１）在碱处理中，添加了蒽衍生物，使琼脂的...  相似文献   

节旋藻(螺旋藻)高分子量DNA的两种制备方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

茅云翔  张宝红  杨官品  张学成 《海洋科学》2003,27(2):32-36

DNA的简便高效制备方法是研究基因结构、功能及开展其它各项研究的基础。首次报道了针对节旋藻的结构和组成特性而建立的制备节旋藻高分子量DNA的两种方法。其中第一个方法是常规方法，可大量提取纯度较高、分子量达50kb的节旋藻DNA，可用于构建节旋藻质粒库、Southern杂交和PCR操作等；第2种方法是用脉冲电场凝胶电泳分离DNA片段，制备的DNA片段达数百kb，可用于构建节旋藻噬菌体库、粘粒库、BAC库等，从而为构建节旋藻物理图谱，定位克隆基因奠定基础。  相似文献   

油样品的可变角同步荧光光谱的计算机模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李文东  王春艳  高居伟  郑荣儿 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(1):168-172

可变角同步荧光法(VASF)是在三维荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱的基础上发展起来的1种特殊形式的荧光光谱,在用于光谱相互重叠的多种组分的同时分析中,取得了很好的效果。文中基于实验得到的原油样品三维荧光光谱数据EEM(excitation-emission matrix),引入二维三次卷积插值,通过Matlab软件实现了对所选扫描路径中各数据点的荧光强度值的获取,编写了用于模拟所选扫描路径下的可变角同步荧光光谱VASFS(Variable-angle synchronous fluorescence spectrum)的VAS-FS程序。此程序为三维荧光光谱和可变角同步荧光光谱的获取和分析提供了1种模拟方法,也为可变角荧光分析中最优扫描路径的选取提供了1种快捷、方便的途径。  相似文献