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991.
西太平洋海域卫星测高重力垂直梯度分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从地球重力场基本理论出发,推导了重力垂直梯度计算的数值积分公式,并利用由多颗测高卫星联合反演的2'×2'海洋重力异常资料,解算了西太平洋海域重力垂直梯度.将计算所得的重力异常垂直梯度与现有资料进行比较,其差值均方根为±10.08E,表明两者精度相当.此外,还对差值大小和空间分布进行了深入分析. 相似文献
992.
993.
地月系统不同成因环形构造及其影像特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环形构造是一种常见的地质现象,特别是在月球上分布更为普遍。本文论述了三种成因的环形构造,即:侵入岩成因的环形构造,火山成因的环形构造,以及小天体撞击形成的撞击坑。文中详细介绍了它们的成因与结构特征,指出侵入岩成因的环形构造主要由岩浆冷凝收缩形成,在遥感影像上主要表现为影像色调的不同;火山成因的环形构造为火山口,在遥感影像上具有环形结构;而小天体撞击形成的撞击坑形态复杂,如碗形坑、中心锥环形坑与多环撞击坑,撞击坑的坑沿外缓内陡,遥感影像上表现为环形或弧形构造,有些撞击坑具有辐射纹。 相似文献
994.
First, we present three different definitions of the vertical which relate to (i) astronomical longitude and astronomical
latitude as spherical coordinates in gravity space, (ii) Gauss surface normal coordinates (also called geodetic coordinates)
of type ellipsoidal longitude and ellipsoidal latitude and (iii) Jacobi ellipsoidal coordinates of type spheroidal longitude
and spheroidal latitude in geometry space. Up to terms of second order those vertical deflections agree to each other. Vertical
deflections and gravity disturbances relate to a reference gravity potential. In order to refer the horizontal and vertical
components of the disturbing gravity field to a reference gravity field, which is physically meaningful, we have chosen the
Somigliana-Pizzetti gravity potential as well as its gradient. Second, we give a new closed-form representation of Somigliana-Pizzetti
gravity, accurate to the sub Nano Gal level. Third, we represent the gravitational disturbing potential in terms of Jacobi
ellipsoidal harmonics. As soon as we take reference to a normal potential of Somigliana-Pizzetti type, the ellipsoidal harmonics
of degree/order (0,0), (1,0), (1, − 1), (1,1) and (2,0) are eliminated from the gravitational disturbing potential. Fourth,
we compute in all detail the gradient of the gravitational disturbing potential, in particular in orthonormal ellipsoidal
vector harmonics. Proper weighting functions for orthonormality on the International Reference Ellipsoid are constructed and
tabulated. In this way, we finally arrive at an ellipsoidal harmonic representation of vertical deflections and gravity disturbances.
Fifth, for an ellipsoidal harmonic Gravity Earth Model (SEGEN: http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/gi/research/paper/coefficients/coefficients.zip)
up to degree/order 360/360 we compute the global maps of ellipsoidal vertical deflections and ellipsoidal gravity disturbances
which transfer a great amount of geophysical information in a properly chosen equiareal ellipsoidal map projection. 相似文献
995.
强垂直温度梯度条件下强对流天气分析与潜势预报 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用19年3~9月常规探空观测资料,对南昌ΔT850-500≥27℃这种强垂直温度梯度与江西强对流天气过程的关系进行了相关分析,并将区域强对流天气、局部强对流天气、无强对流天气的3类情况下的中低层气压、温度、湿度、风场及稳定度进行分类合成分析,结果表明:当南昌ΔT850-500≥27℃时,且有天气系统作为触发条件时,江西强对流天气发生的概率达85%;中低层低槽和切变等影响系统、江南华南暖湿气流、河套地区的冷空气都有利于江西强对流天气出现。对典型个例的探空曲线和对流有效位能分析表明:强垂直温度梯度结合中低层高湿度是强对流天气发生的重要条件。在强对流天气潜势预报中,强垂直温度梯度有时比对流有效位能更有指示性。根据上述分析结果,建立了相应的预报流程,并在业务试用中取得较好的效果。 相似文献
996.
997.
In situ dissipation tests provide a means of evaluating the in situ coefficient of horizontal consolidation and horizontal
hydraulic conductivity of soft clays. Dissipation tests by means of piezocone (CPTU), dilatometer (DMT), self-boring pressuremeter
(SBPT) and BAT permeameter (BAT) were utilized in the characterization of the coefficient of horizontal consolidation and
horizontal hydraulic conductivity of Singapore marine clay at Changi in a land reclamation project. Dissipation tests were
carried out prior to reclamation as well as after ground improvement with vertical drains to compare the changes in the coefficient
of horizontal consolidation and horizontal hydraulic conductivity prior to and after ground improvement. Tests were carried
out in a vertical drain area as well as in an adjacent untreated control area after 23 months of surcharge loading, for comparison
purposes. The purpose of this research is to determine the horizontal consolidation parameters of Singapore marine clay prior
to reclamation as well as after 23 months of surcharge loading with and without vertical drains by means of in situ dissipation
tests. 相似文献
998.
The intersections between three-dimensional fracture networks consisting of constant- and variable-size disks with a gallery were systematically analyzed. Exact and approximate analytical formulae were derived for the numbers of partial or full intersections. These predictions were verified by Monte Carlo simulations. Trace length distributions were studied by numerical techniques for various disk distributions. These simulations showed that differences between various disk distributions are very small when trace length distributions with the same average and standard deviations are compared. 相似文献
999.
线路坐标计算的通用模型 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了一种适合电算的线路坐标计算通用模型.首先,引入了曲线元的概念,使线路的平面线形三要素(直线、圆曲线、缓和曲线)得到了统一.然后,以曲线元作为组成线路的最小单元,推导了线路坐标计算的通用数学模型.该模型形式简单,易于编程实现.不但能解算S型、卵型、复合型、C型等复杂组合线形的任意指定点的坐标,而且能将线路中桩、边桩以及与线路非正交交叉的特殊点位(如桥墩、电线杆等)的坐标解算统一了起来. 相似文献
1000.
Horizontal earth pressures on rigid vertical walls in liquefied soils have extensively been studied by many researchers for the level ground surface condition. In this paper, a series of centrifuge tests was conducted to investigate the effects of embankments resting on ground surfaces on the pressure on the rigid vertical walls. In the tests, earth pressures on the rigid walls were successfully measured with built-in earth pressure cells with small accelerometers attached on them. The earth pressure cells are capable of measuring both normal and shear stresses simultaneously with a good accuracy. It appears that dynamic component of the earth pressure of liquefied sand is in proportion to the acceleration of the rigid wall irrespective of amplitude and frequency of the input motion, and increases with increasing average embankment load. On the other hand, the residual component of the earth pressure is found to be well estimated from FEM assuming the liquefied soil as an incompressible elastic body. A practical formula of the earth pressures is established for the purpose of practical use.Another series of centrifuge tests was carried out on models with solidification or densification zones below embankment toes as a remedial countermeasure against liquefaction-induced embankment failure. It was found that the proposed formulae holds valid independently of the movement of walls as long as the liquefied soil behaves as a heavy fluid, and the countermeasure does not soften significantly. 相似文献