Changes to depositional palaeoenvironments within the Qikou depression (Bohaiwan Basin,China): carbon and oxygen isotopes in lacustrine carbonates of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(15):1909-1921

This paper reports the carbon and oxygen isotope compositions of lacustrine carbonate sediments from the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Qikou depression, Bohaiwan Basin, with the aim of determining the palaeoenvironmental conditions in the region. Results from Es₂, the second member of the Shahejie Formation, showed values of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O from –1.2‰ to +2.4‰ (average +0.6‰) and from –6.8‰ to –4.7‰ (average –5.7‰), respectively, suggesting a relatively hot climate attending deposition. The slightly closed nature of the lake, which contains brackish water, resulted in higher carbonate δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values than in a meteoric environment. The values of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O preserved within the carbonates of the overlying lower Shahejie I (Es₁) varied between +1.3‰ and +4.9‰ (average +3.2‰) and from ?4.4‰ to ?1.8‰ (average ?3.1‰), respectively, indicating that the climate became colder at that time. Subsequently, a marine transgression caused the salinity of the lake water to increase. The values of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O were controlled by salinity. The high δ¹³C values were also influenced by the rapid burial of the lake organisms and by algal photosynthesis. Values of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O from carbonates in upper Es₁ ranged from ?8.0‰ to +11.0‰ (average +10.1‰) and from ?5.0‰ to ?1.5‰ (average ?3.4‰), respectively, indicating a slight increase in the temperature over time. In the closed and reducing environment, extremes in δ¹³C values resulted from biochemical fermentation. The positive δ¹³C excursion recorded in the carbonates of the Shahejie Formation in the Qikou depression indicates that the palaeoclimate underwent a significant transformation during the Eocene and the Oligocene.  相似文献   

重庆市青木关地下河水化学及其δ¹³C DIC变化特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱述兰  蒋勇军  张兴波  曹敏  胡毅军  廖文娥 《中国岩溶》2012,31(3):279-288

为了确定地下水中溶解无机碳和地下水中物质的来源,于2010年4月至2011年1月对重庆市青木关地下河流域系统进行了连续监测,分析其常规水化学组成、溶解无机碳含量及其同位素(δ13CDIC)组成变化特征及影响因素,2010年农耕期间(5-6月)又对部分观测点进行了加密取样分析.分析结果表明:(1)地下河水为HCO3-Ca型,其变化受水岩作用和降水作用的影响;(2)地下水中(Ca2++ Mg2+)/HCO3-的摩尔比值为0.6～0.72,平均为0.67,表明碳酸盐岩溶解受C3植被下土壤CO2、HNO3和H2SO4的共同作用的影响;(3)地下河水中由碳酸溶解碳酸盐岩产生的[HCO3-]的贡献率为56.16％～81.25％,平均为66.96％,硝酸和硫酸溶解碳酸盐岩产生的[HCO3-]的贡献率为18.75 ％～43.84％,平均为33.04％;(4)青木关地下河出口地下水的δ13 CDIC变化范围为-8.17‰～-13.68‰,平均值为-10.53 ‰.农耕期和枯水期地下河水的δ13 CDIC平均值分别为-9.25‰ 和-12.29‰,农耕期较枯水期偏正,偏正幅度达3‰,表明人类农业活动物质输入对地下河水δ13 CDIC有较大的影响.  相似文献   

重庆北温泉地热水碳硫同位素特征研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

肖琼  沈立成  杨雷  伍坤宇  王鹏 《水文地质工程地质》2013,40(4):127-133

重庆市北碚区北温泉景区分布有多处自然出露温泉点,选取其中流量大于2000m3/d的北温泉(BWQ)和水文站(SWZ)两处泉点进行监测,结果显示:泉水水化学类型为SO4-Ca型,pH呈中性,其阳离子主要为Ca2+和Mg2+,阴离子主要为SO42-和HCO3-,阳离子当量变化范围为31.74～40.12 meq/L,阴离子当量变化范围为29.05 ～35.08meq/L.温泉水中δ13CHCO3-的值为-4.84‰ ～-9.73‰,计算得出CO2的δ13CCO2值集中在-11.91‰～-16.81‰之间,其参与水-岩反应的CO2为幔源和土壤混合成因.δ34SSO42-值为30.29‰～32.19‰,与四川盆地下三叠统嘉陵江组石膏中的δ34SSO2-值(28.3‰ ～ 35.4‰)一致.联系温泉水中阴阳离子含量、δ34SSO42-值与δ13CHCO3-的值认为地表雨水补给进入的是下三叠统嘉陵江组碳酸盐岩地层,发生水-岩反应且水-岩反应主要为石膏的溶解,其次是CO2进入储水层与围岩发生水化学作用生成HCO3-.  相似文献   

黑河下游典型生态系统水分补给源及优势植物水分来源研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

尹力  赵良菊  阮云峰  肖洪浪  程国栋  周茅先  王芳  李彩芝 《冰川冻土》2012,34(6):1478-1486

通过对黑河源区降水、 黑河下游河岸林生态系统、 人工梭梭林生态系统梭梭及戈壁红砂生态系统土壤水和浅层地下水稳定氢氧同位素组成(δD、 δ¹⁸O)的测定, 对黑河下游典型生态系统土壤水和浅层地下水的补给源进行了研究. 同时通过对比分析河岸林生态系统胡杨和柽柳、 人工梭梭林生态系统梭梭及戈壁红砂生态系统红砂等优势植物根系水及其对应的土壤水及浅层地下水的δ¹⁸O, 对黑河下游典型荒漠植物水分来源进行了研究, 并对不同潜在水源对植物水分来源的贡献率进行了计算. 结果表明: 河岸林生态系统和人工梭梭林生态系统的土壤水和浅层地下水来自黑河源区的降水, 源区降水通过黑河河道输水补给河岸林进而形成土壤水和浅层地下水, 但人工梭梭林的土壤水蒸发作用强烈. 戈壁红砂生态系统由于远离黑河, 土壤水不受黑河源区中上游输水的补给. 就植物水分来源而言, 在河岸林生态系统中, 乔木胡杨主要利用40~60 cm的土壤水和地下水, 灌木柽柳主要利用40~80 cm的土壤水; 人工梭梭主要利用200 cm至饱和层土壤水和地下水; 戈壁红砂主要利用175~200 cm的土壤水. 因此, 在黑河下游极端干旱区, 土壤水和地下水是维持荒漠植物生存、 生长及发育的主要来源.  相似文献   

Sequencing and expression analysis of CD3γ/δ and CD3εchains in mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi     

郭政  聂品 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(1):106-117

The genomic and cDNA sequences of the CD3γ/δ and CD3ε homologues in the mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi, were determined. As in other vertebrate CD3 molecules, the deduced amino acid sequences of mandarin fish CD3γ/δ and CD3ε contained conserved residues and motifs, such as cysteine residues and CXXC and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs. However, mandarin fish CD3γ/δ and CD3ε showed some differences to their mammalian counterparts, specifically the absence of a negatively charged residue in the transmembrane region of CD3γ/δ. Additionally, while an N-glycosylation site was present in CD3ε, the site was not observed in CD3γ/δ. The CD3γ/δ and CD3ε subunit sequences contain six and five exons, respectively, consistent with homologues from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed that CD3γ/δ and CD3ε in mandarin fish are closely related to their counterparts in Acanthopterygian fish. Real-time PCR showed CD3γ/δ and CD3ε were expressed mainly in the thymus and spleen in normal healthy fish and, to a lesser extent, in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues, such as the intestine and gills. When lymphocytes isolated from head kidney were treated with the mitogens phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin, and polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid, mRNA expression levels of CD3γ/δ and CD3ε were significantly elevated within 12 h of treatment. This indicated the presence of T lymphocytes in the head kidney of teleost fish, and also the recognition of mitogens by the lymphocytes. Mandarin fish infected with the bacterial pathogen Flavobacterium columnare also showed an increase in the expression of CD3γ/δ and CD3ε mRNA, indicating that CD3γ/δ and CD3ε lymphocytes are involved in the immune response of this species.  相似文献   

利用中国地震科学台阵研究青藏高原东南缘地壳各向异性:第一期观测资料的剪切波分裂特征   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

太龄雪  高原  刘庚  肖卓 《地球物理学报》2015,58(11):4079-4091

中国地震科学台阵第一期(2011—2013年)布设在南北地震带南段,本研究利用中国地震科学台阵布设在云南及相邻地区的部分流动台站记录到的2011年6月至2013年3月的数字地震波形资料,开展地壳各向异性分析.本文使用剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM方法),获得了研究区内67个台站的剪切波分裂参数.研究结果表明,受到云南及周边地区复杂的构造、应力环境和纵横交错的断裂分布的影响,该地区快剪切波偏振方向(PAZ)整体上显示出NNE向和NE向的优势取向,但在空间分布上比较复杂,虽然大部分台站的PAZ与构造应力场方向一致,但部分断裂附近台站的PAZ受到断裂的影响.结果显示,本研究区内不同区域的PAZ有一定差异性.本研究划分了5个子区,西部3个不同区域的PAZ从北到南分别为NNW向、近N-S向和NE向,有顺时针旋转的趋势,而东部的2个区域PAZ分别为NEE向和NNW向.研究证实,青藏东南缘地区的地壳各向异性空间分布虽然非常复杂,但大体上与区域内的主压应力的方向和断裂分布相关.  相似文献   

Lignin phenols used to infer organic matter sources to Sepetiba Bay – RJ,Brasil     

C.E. Rezende  W.C. Pfeiffer  L.A. Martinelli  E. Tsamakis  J.I. Hedges  R.G. Keil 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Lignin phenols were measured in the sediments of Sepitiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and in bedload sediments and suspended sediments of the four major fluvial inputs to the bay; São Francisco and Guandu Channels and the Guarda and Cação Rivers. Fluvial suspended lignin yields (Σ8 3.5–14.6 mgC 10 g dw⁻¹) vary little between the wet and dry seasons and are poorly correlated with fluvial chlorophyll concentrations (0.8–50.2 μgC L⁻¹). Despite current land use practices that favor grassland agriculture or industrial uses, fluvial lignin compositions are dominated by a degraded leaf-sourced material. The exception is the Guarda River, which has a slight influence from grasses. The Lignin Phenol Vegetation Index, coupled with acid/aldehyde and 3.5 Db/V ratios, indicate that degraded leaf-derived phenols are also the primary preserved lignin component in the bay. The presence of fringe Typha sp. and Spartina sp. grass beds surrounding portions of the Bay are not reflected in the lignin signature. Instead, lignin entering the bay appears to reflect the erosion of soils containing a degraded signature from the former Atlantic rain forest that once dominated the watershed, instead of containing a significant signature derived from current agricultural uses. A three-component mixing model using the LPVI, atomic N:C ratios, and stable carbon isotopes (which range between –26.8 and –21.8‰) supports the hypothesis that fluvial inputs to the bay are dominated by planktonic matter (78% of the input), with lignin dominated by leaf (14% of the input) over grass (6%). Sediments are composed of a roughly 50–50 mixture of autochthonous material and terrigenous material, with lignin being primarily sourced from leaf.  相似文献   

Bulk organic δC and C/N as indicators for sediment sources in the Pearl River delta and estuary,southern China     

Fengling Yu  Yongqiang Zong  Jeremy M. Lloyd  Guangqing Huang  Melanie J. Leng  Christopher Kendrick  Angela L. Lamb  Wyss W.-S. Yim 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Preservation of organic matter in estuarine and coastal areas is an important process in the global carbon cycle. This paper presents bulk δ¹³C and C/N of organic matter from source to sink in the Pearl River catchment, delta and estuary, and discusses the applicability of δ¹³C and C/N as indicators for sources of organic matter in deltaic and estuarine sediments. In addition to the 91 surface sediment samples, other materials collected in this study cover the main sources of organic material to estuarine sediment. These are: terrestrial organic matter (TOM), including plants and soil samples from the catchment; estuarine and marine suspended particulate organic carbon (POC) from both summer and winter. Results show that the average δ¹³C of estuarine surface sediment increases from −25.0 ± 1.3‰ in the freshwater environment to −21.0 ± 0.2‰ in the marine environment, with C/N decreasing from 15.2 ± 3.3 to 6.8 ± 0.2. In the source areas, C₃ plants have lower δ¹³C than C₄ plants (−29.0 ± 1.8‰ and −13.1 ± 0.5‰ respectively). δ¹³C increases from −28.3 ± 0.8‰ in the forest soil to around −24.1‰ in both riverbank soil and mangrove soil due to increasing proportion of C₄ grasses. The δ¹³C_POC increases from −27.6 ± 0.8‰ in the freshwater areas to −22.4 ± 0.5‰ in the marine-brackish-water areas in winter, and ranges between −24.0‰ in freshwater areas and −25.4‰ in brackish-water areas in summer. Comparison of the δ¹³C and C/N between the sources and sink indicates a weakening TOM and freshwater POC input in the surface sedimentary organic matter seawards, and a strengthening contribution from the marine organic matter. Thus we suggest that bulk organic δ¹³C and C/N analysis can be used to indicate sources of sedimentary organic matter in estuarine environments. Organic carbon in surface sediments derived from anthropogenic sources such as human waste and organic pollutants from industrial and agricultural activities accounts for less than 10% of the total organic carbon (TOC). Although results also indicate elevated δ¹³C of sedimentary organic matter due to some agricultural products such as sugarcane, C₃ plants are still the dominant vegetation type in this area, and the bulk organic δ¹³C and C/N is still an effective indicator for sources of organic matter in estuarine sediments.  相似文献   

A spectroscopic search for non-radial pulsations in the δ Scuti star γ Bootis     

R. Ventura  G. Catanzaro  J. Christensen-Dalsgaard  M. P. Di Mauro  L. Paternò 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,381(4):1647-1654

  相似文献   

A new oscillating model suggestion for FG Vir     

H.?Kirbiyik  R.?Civelek  N.?Kizilo?luEmail author 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,295(4):473-484

Evolutionary stellar models of FG Vir have been developed theoretically and are compared with earlier observational results. Using the models, we performed calculations to obtain radial and non-radial adiabatic oscillation frequencies. The results show that, if the observational splitting was considered and the observational mode identifications were followed, 1.85M _⊙ star models with the rotational velocities in the range from 32 to 66 kms⁻¹ seem to be representative models of FG Vir.  相似文献