Using VLBI fringe-phase information from geodetic experiments for short-period ionospheric studies     

Thomas Hobiger  Tetsuro Kondo  Yasuhiro Koyama  Kazuhiro Takashima  Harald Schuh 《Journal of Geodesy》2007,81(6-8):389-401

The usage of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) fringe-phase information in geodetic VLBI is a new field of research, which can be used for the detection of short-period (i.e., several minutes) variations (scintillations) of the ionosphere. This paper presents a method for the extraction of such disturbances and discusses how dispersive influences can be separated from intra-scan delay variations. A proper functional and stochastic model for the separation of the different effects is presented and the algorithms are applied to real measurements. In an example, it is shown that a traveling ionospheric disturbance in Antarctica can be detected very precisely. A possible physical origin and the propagation properties of the disturbance are presented and the results are compared with GPS measurements. The benefit of this method for other applications is also discussed.  相似文献   

电化学氢化物发生技术在原子光谱分析领域的应用进展     

祖文川  汪雨  武彦文  陈舜琮 《岩矿测试》2014,33(2):168-177

电化学氢化物发生法（EcHG）是原子光谱仪发展的一种实用气态进样技术。该技术通过采用电化学发生池内的电极反应代替传统化学还原的方法来生成氢化物和汞蒸气。与传统的化学法硼氢化钾（钠）-酸氢化物发生体系相比,EcHG技术仅需要支持电解质,氢化物（汞蒸气）在阴极室内发生后直接导入原子光谱仪的原子化器,在降低分析成本和溶液配制时间的同时,分析过程引入的空白值也大大降低,更加绿色环保。近年来,EcHG原子光谱分析已经从单一的元素总量测定发展到元素形态分析,从微量元素分析发展到痕量超痕量元素分析,发生元素涵盖了砷、硒、铅、镉、锡、锑、锗和汞,应用范围涉及食品、环境、烟草、饲料等实际样品。EcHG技术应用于原子荧光光谱分析,特征元素检出限能够达到0.1 μg/L级（汞为ng/L级）;应用于原子吸收光谱与等离子体发射光谱分析,适用元素检出限能够达到μg/L级,相对标准偏差均小于10%,回收率在90%~110%之间。EcHG技术相关的机理研究也已经起步,这为该技术在原子光谱分析领域的应用提供了理论基础。但是,EcHG技术的分析范围目前仅限于部分元素的无机态,对元素的有机形态分析是本领域发展的难点之一。本文提出,关于电化学氢化物发生的机理研究、电化学流通池结构的优化、形态分析范围的拓展等将成为该技术的重要发展方向。  相似文献   

Gravitational weak lensing of hairy black hole in presence of plasma     

《New Astronomy》2024

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Weak gravitational lensing of black hole from T-duality in plasma     

《New Astronomy》2024

In this study, we investigate the impact of a plasma environment on gravitational weak lensing around a black hole from the perspective of T-duality. Our results demonstrate that the deflection angle of light rays around the black hole is notably affected by the parameter $l_0$, with an increase leading to a decrease in the deflection angle, while the effect of plasma on the deflection angle is the opposite. We also consider different types of plasma distributions, including uniform ${\omega }_e=const$, Singular Isothermal Sphere medium, and Non-Singular Isothermal gas sphere plasma. We have analyzed the total magnification of the image source due to gravitational weak lensing, taking into account the effect of parameter $l_0$ related to T-duality in the presence of plasma around the black hole.  相似文献   

General polytropic spheres as gravitational lenses     

《New Astronomy》2024

We propose hydrostatic polytropic spheres governed by the Lane-Emden equation (LEE) of index $n$ as a novel set of physical models for axially averaged gravitational lenses anywhere in the Universe, alternative to the familiar singular isothermal sphere (SIS) and the Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile, as such general polytropic spheres are conceptually simple, versatile in representing a series of equations of state, and able to address both the inner core and cusp features. As LEE is nonlinear, there exist several distinct classes of LEE solutions to serve as physical lens models. With a few scaling parameters, the complete problem can be readily reconstructed with full physical dimensions. A given mass density profile satisfying LEE produces lensing effects that are solely determined by a dimensionless parameter $q$ which contains geometric and kinematic information about the source-lens-observer system. The lens mapping and tangential shear or distortion profile are derived, first analytically for special cases and then asymptotically at the outskirts or near the edge of the lens. Numerical procedures for calculating full lensing profiles of a general lens are developed. Our results include the analytical “singular polytropic sphere” (SPS) profile which generalizes the SIS model and may outperform the latter in modeling dark matter halos among others. We further point out that dynamic models of general polytropic spheres in self-similar evolution can serve as several broad classes of gravitational lenses and produce time-dependent lensing effects slow or fast depending on the pertinent time scales. Astrophysical sources that can be lensed include electromagnetic wave sources in the entire frequency band, gravitational wave sources in the entire frequency band, gravitons even possibly with finite masses, neutrino sources of three different types, neutron sources, and ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) of electrically charged particles which can also interact with magnetic fields. We discuss and elabrate applications to dark matter halos, hypermassive black holes and supermassive black holes in the entire Universe including the early Universe, magnetized supermassive stars, static and dynamically evolving spherical and cylindrical lenses in contexts of astrophysics and cosmology.  相似文献   

d−α radiative capture reaction at the 3+ resonance     

《New Astronomy》2022

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