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We present for the first time a statistical study of 50 keV ion events of a magnetospheric origin upstream from Earths bow shock. The statistical analysis of the 50–220 keV ion events observed by the IMP-8 spacecraft shows: (1) a dawn-dusk asymmetry in ion distributions, with most events and lower intensities upstream from the quasi-parallel pre-dawn side (4 LT-6 LT) of the bow shock, (2) highest ion fluxes upstream from the nose/dusk side of the bow shock under an almost radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) configuration, and (3) a positive correlation of the ion intensities with the solar wind speed and the index of geomagnetic index Kp, with an average solar wind speed as high as 620 km s–1 and values of the index Kp 2. The statistical results are consistent with (1) preferential leakage of 50 keV magnetospheric ions from the dusk magnetopause, (2) nearly scatter free motion of 50 keV ions within the magnetosheath, and (3) final escape of magnetospheric ions from the quasi-parallel dawn side of the bow shock. An additional statistical analysis of higher energy (290–500 keV) upstream ion events also shows a dawn-dusk asymmetry in the occurrence frequency of these events, with the occurrence frequency ranging between 16%-34% in the upstream region. 相似文献
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K. Justtanont A. G. G. M. Tielens C. J. Skinner M. R. Haas 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,224(1-2):305-308
We present a preliminary interpretation of high CO rotational line data obtained from KAO. The possibility of either a PDR or a shock model is considered in order to explain the observations. 相似文献
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R. A. Krivonos A. A. Vikhlinin M. L. Markevitch M. N. Pavlinsky 《Astronomy Letters》2003,29(7):425-428
The cluster of galaxies A754 is undergoing a merger of several large structural units. X-ray observations show the nonequilibrium state of the central part of the cluster, in which a cloud of cold plasma ~500 kpc in size was identified amid the hotter cluster gas. The X-ray image of A754 exhibits a brightness discontinuity, which can be interpreted as a shock wave in front of a moving cloud of dense gas. The shock parameters are determined from the jump in intergalactic gas density using the ROSAT image. The estimated Mach number is M1 = 1.71 ?0.24 +0.45 at a 68% confidence level. 相似文献
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Statistical features of aftershock distribution size for moderate and large earthquakes in Chinese mainland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Based on data of earthquake sequences with MS≥5.0 in Chinese mainland from 1970 to 2004,for different se-quence types and different rupture modes of the main shock,the relationship between aftershock distribution size Rand the magnitude of the main shock M0 has been studied statistically.Considering the rupture mode of the mainshock,we give the quantitative statistical relationships between R and M0 under 95%confidence level for differentsequence types.Qualitatively,lgR,the logarithm of the aftershock distribution size,is positively correlative to theM0,but the data distribution is dispersed.Viewing from different sequence types,the correlation between R and M0is very weak for isolated earthquake type(IET)sequence,R distributes in the range from 5 to 60 km;For main-shock-aftershock type(MAT),lgR is positively correlative to M0;For multiple main shock type(MMT),the core-lation between lgR and M0 is not very obvious when M0≤6.2 and R distributes in the range from 5 to 70 km,whileit shows a linear correlation when M0≥6.3.The statistical results also show that the occupational ratios of differentsequence types for strike-slip and oblique slip are almost the same.But for dip-slip(mostly are thrust mechanisms),the ratio of MAT is higher than that of IET and MMT.Comparing with previous results,it indicates that,when M0is large enough,R is mainly determined by M0 and there is almost no relationship with the rupture mode of themain shock. 相似文献
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依据1970年以来记录相对完备的MSge;5.0地震序列资料,统计研究了中国大陆余震分布尺度与序列最大地震震级M0及最大地震破裂形式之间的关系. 在95%置信概率下,考虑主震破裂形式, 分序列类型给出了余震分布尺度与M0之间的统计关系. 定性而言,余震分布尺度的对数lgR与M0正相关, 但数据分布较为离散. 分类型来看, 孤立型序列余震分布尺度与M0之间统计相关程度低, 余震分布尺度介于5~60 km之间; 主余型序列lgR与M0正相关; 多震型序列当M0le;6.2时lgR与M0之间相关性不显著,余震分布尺度介于5~70 km之间, 当M0ge;6.3时lgR与M0线性相关. 统计结果还表明, 走滑近走滑及斜滑型主震所导致序列类型比例之间没有显著差异,而倾滑近倾滑型主震(主要为逆断型破裂)所导致的主余型序列所占比例较高, 孤立型及多震型序列所占比例则相对较低. 对比研究显示, 当M0较高时,余震分布尺度主要取决于主震大小而与主震破裂形式关系不明显. 相似文献