山西离石中心地震台洞体形变观测异常分析     

高翠珍  王晓霞  安凯杰  薛锦明  薛生瑞 《山西地震》2019,(3):13-16

通过对离石中心地震台洞体形变近6年观测资料中典型异常形态及与其相关地震的对应关系进行分析,结果表明,异常形态主要表现为短期趋势转折,突跳、毛刺、加粗等的数据波动,固体潮畸变伴掉格,且大多数异常是3种形态的组合;多数异常在震前发生,震后迅速恢复,固体潮分钟值曲线上有同步变化;水平摆和伸缩仪对应国内外6级以上的地震出现不同程度的异常反映,水管仪表现不明显。  相似文献   

Characterizing spring phenology of temperate broadleaf forests using Landsat and Sentinel-2 time series     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Vegetation phenology has a great impact on land-atmosphere interactions like carbon cycling, albedo, and water and energy exchanges. To understand and predict these critical land-atmosphere feedbacks, it is crucial to measure and quantify phenological responses to climate variability, and ultimately climate change. Coarse-resolution sensors such as MODIS and AVHRR have been useful to study vegetation phenology from regional to global scales. These sensors are, however, not capable of discerning phenological variation at moderate spatial scales. By offering increased observation density and higher spatial resolution, the combination of Landsat and Sentinel-2 time series might provide the opportunity to overcome this limitation.In this study, we analyzed the potential of combined Sentinel-2 and Landsat time series for estimating start of season (SOS) of broadleaf forests across Germany for the year 2018. We tested two common statistical modeling approaches (logistic and generalized additive models using thin plate splines) and the two most commonly used vegetation indices, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI).We found strong agreement between SOS estimates from logistic and spline models (r_EVI = 0.86; r_NDVI = 0.65), whereas agreement was higher for EVI than for NDVI (RMSD_EVI = 3.07, RMSD_NDVI = 5.26 days). The choice of vegetation index thus had a higher impact on the results than the fitting method. The EVI-based SOS also showed higher correlation with ground observations compared to NDVI (r_EVI = 0.51, r_NDVI = 0.42). Data density played an important role in estimating land surface phenology. Models combining Sentinel-2A/B, with an average cloud-free observation frequency of 12 days, were largely consistent with the combined Landsat and Sentinel-2 models, suggesting that Sentinel-2A/B may be sufficient to capture SOS for most areas in Germany in 2018. However, in non-overlapping swath areas and mountain areas, observation frequency was significantly lower, underlining the need to combine Landsat and Sentinel-2 for consistent SOS estimates over large areas. Our study demonstrates that estimating SOS of temperate broadleaf forests at medium spatial resolution has become feasible with combined Landsat and Sentinel-2 time series.  相似文献   

基于ZeroMQ的观测控制系统底层通信架构分析与测试     

钱进  邓辉  梅盈  石聪明  卫守林  戴伟  王锋 《天文研究与技术》2019,(2):211-217

观测控制系统是当前的一个研究热点,底层通信是观测控制系统架构的一个重要环节。但传统的观测控制系统一般采用裸套接技术实现,缺少统一的传输控制机制,在密集数据通信时经常存在延迟,影响实时控制的需要;同时缺少广播与组播机制,限制了观测控制系统的设计。针对观测控制系统的要求,研究了基于ZeroMQ不同通信模型及对应的天文控制模式,分析了不同的通信控制架构的可用性,在此基础上通过实验对相应的通信模型进行测试,验证其在天文仪器分布控制中的可用性。测试结果进一步说明,ZeroMQ构建观测控制系统的底层通信架构是可行的,能够满足观测控制系统对设备的各种控制需求。  相似文献   

西北地区地震地下流体观测网综合评价   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

曹玲玲  刘耀炜 《地震工程学报》1999,21(1):62-66

对西北地区地下流体观测网建设、调整与发展的各个阶段台网布局进行了评价．表明西北地区地下流体观测网已趋于成熟,在地震监测预报中发挥了一定的作用．但由于各种条件的限制,仍具有一定的局限性．对其地震监测效能进行了综合评价,结果表明,远场测点主要出现中短期异常而近场测点出现短临异常  相似文献   

中国西部大气清洁地区黑碳气溶胶的观测研究   总被引：48，自引：2，他引：46  

汤洁  祁栋林 《应用气象学报》1999,10(2):160-170

黑碳气溶胶是大气气溶胶中的重要成分,对可见光和红外光都具有强烈吸收作用,对气溶胶的局地及全球的气候效应有重要的贡献。本文给出了1994年7月到1995年底在瓦里关本底台进行的黑碳气溶胶观测结果,结合气象观测资料以及在我国东部地区的部分观测结果对该地区大气中的黑碳气溶胶浓度及其变化特点进行了讨论分析。瓦里关山地区的大气黑碳气溶胶月平均浓度为130～300 ng/m3,大大低于我国东部地区;该地区大气中黑碳气溶胶浓度的变化明显地与来自工业及人口集中地区的污染气团的影响有关,不同风向时的黑碳气溶胶浓度水平有明显的差异;由最大出现频数统计分析得出该地区大气黑碳气溶胶的本底浓度范围为50～120 ng/m3;冬季该地区大气黑碳气溶胶的平均浓度和本底浓度都较低,而春季较高。  相似文献   

A comparative analysis of a fixed thresholding vs. a classification tree approach for operational burn scar detection and mapping     

C.C. Kontoes  H. Poilvé  G. Florsch  I. Keramitsoglou  S. Paralikidis 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009

The scope of this paper is to demonstrate, evaluate and compare two burn scar mapping (BSM) approaches developed and applied operationally in the framework of the RISK-EOS service element project within the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) program funded by ESA (http://www.risk-eos.com). The first method is the BSM_NOA, a fixed thresholding method using a set of specifically designed and combined image enhancements, whilst the second one is the BSM_ITF, a decision tree classification approach based on a wide range of biophysical parameters. The two methods were deployed and compared in the framework of operational mapping conditions set by RISK-EOS standards, based either on sets of uni- or multi-temporal satellite images acquired by Landsat 5 TM and SPOT 4 HRV. The evaluation of the performance of the two methods showed that either in uni- or multi-temporal acquisition mode, the two methods reach high detection capability rates ranging from 80% to 91%. At the same time, the minimum burnt area detected was of 0.9–1.0 ha, despite the coarser spatial resolution of Landsat 5 TM sensor. Among the advantages of the satellite-based approaches compared to conventional burn scar mapping, are cost-efficiency, repeatability, flexibility, and high spatial and thematic accuracy from local to country level. Following the catastrophic fire season of 2007, burn scar maps were generated using BSM_NOA for the entirety of Greece and BSM_ITF for south France in the framework of the RISK-EOS/GMES Services Element project.  相似文献   

南海文昌海域内孤立波特征观测研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

柯自明  尹宝树  徐振华  侯一筠 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(3):269-274

内孤立波对大陆架边缘海区的混合和生态有着显著影响,近年来已成为物理海洋学研究的热点。但是南海北部陆架的内波现场资料极为缺乏。2005年4—7月,中国科学院海洋研究所在文昌海区进行了文昌内波实验。通过此次现场观测数据发现,在4月下旬文昌海域有着强盛的内孤立波,其振幅在40m左右,产生的斜压流接近1m／s,且传播方向平行于等深线切线方向,向西南方向传播。分析还得出此类内孤立波并非发源于吕宋海峡,应该属于潮地相互作用局地生成的内孤立波。  相似文献   

沉降观测在建筑物施工中的应用     

王晓梅 《城市地质》2010,5(2):38-41,27

随着高层及超高层建（构）筑物的增多,为了保证建构筑物的安全性,并为以后的勘察设计施工提供可靠的资料及相应的沉降参数,建（构）筑物沉降观测的必要性和重要性愈加明显。本文结合工程实例,提出了高层建筑施工中沉降观测的基本要求和施测步骤,以避免因沉降原因造成建筑物主体结构的破坏,确保施工质量及建（构）筑物的安全。  相似文献   

浅谈如何依法做好气象探测环境保护工作     

黄丽芳 《气象研究与应用》2005,26(3):63

针对目前气象探测环境保护工作现状,分析气象探测环境保护工作存的问题及对策,为基层气象行政执法人员提供一些启示和参考。  相似文献   

全球定位系统的可降水量资料在北京地区快速更新循环系统中的同化试验   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

陈敏  范水勇  仲跻芹  楚艳丽  郑祚芳  张朝林  王迎春 《气象学报》2010,68(4):450-463

针对发生于2006年8月和2007年6-8月的28次降水过程,在3 h快速更新循环同化预报系统平台上分别进行了有无同化局地GPS可降水量资料的试验.结果表明,局地GPS可降水量的同化可以使模式对大阈值降水的时段、强度和落区的预报性能均获得全面的提高,此现象在模式积分最初的0-6小时表现得更为明显.由于同化所用的GPS可降水量观测资料主要集中在极为局地的京津冀地区,而且GPS-PWV资料的同化仅能对模式中的水汽含量发生影响,因此该资料的同化与否并不能为模式总体预报性能带来明显差异.但从以54511测站为代表的北京地区局地常规要素预报效果来看,快速更新循环的同化方式能使高时空分辨率的GPS可降水量在北京局地的同化效果得以累积,并为气象要素在局地的预报效果带来显著的正面影响.通过对一次强对流个例进行分析可以发现,以快速更新循环的方式可以同化较高时间频率的GPS可降水量观测,从而对模式大气的初始湿度条件起到持续累积的影响.在一定的动力和热力条件下,由GPS可降水量同化带来的累积的模式大气增湿也有望在模式中形成利于局地对流形成和发展的环境,提高模式对局地对流的预报水平.  相似文献