旋转流地转适应过程与能量转换规律     

Fang Juan  Wu Rongsheng 《大气科学进展》2002,19(5):845-854

利用一维线性浅水模式从一个比较普遍的角度对地转适应过程中能量转换的特点进行分析。中首先考虑了两类不同的初始不平衡流的适应问题。一个是Gill所采用的质量不平衡模型，即初始场是静止的，只有水面扰动；另一个是Rossby中所考虑的动量不平衡模型，其初始不平衡流中只有风场的扰动，对这两个模型的适应过程而言，一个显的 特点就是能量转换率始终不会大于1／2或小于0，即适应过程中有位（动）能的释放和向动（位）能的转换，但释放出的能量最多只有其中的一半可以保留在最后的平衡场中。另外，本对任意初始不平衡流适应过程中的能量学特征也进行了分析，指出对于偏差场（相对于一定基本态）的动能和位能而言，上述能量转换关系依然成立。  相似文献   

隧道塌方的尖点灾变模型及应用   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

刘贵应  刘新喜  魏新颜 《地质灾害与环境保护》2002,13(2):59-62

针对隧道塌方失稳问题，运用灾变理论建立隧道塌方失稳的尖点灾变模型。基于平衡曲面方程，可求得隧道围岩体内承载区介质刚度与对应的松驰区弱化介质本构曲线拐点处理刚度之比值K，并给出了塌方与否的判据，当K≤1时，隧道将发生塌方失稳；当K＞1时，隧道将不会发生塌方失稳。根据此模型，笔者解释了隧道中几种常见的灾变破坏机理，并提出了相应的治理方案。  相似文献   

三原井水位固体潮加卸载响应比的地震异常   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邢西淳  邵辉成  毛娟  毛胜利  陈建民 《华北地震科学》2002,20(4):40-46

讨论了三原井水位在泾阳4．8级地震前的变化特征，重点是泾阳地震前水位对固体潮响应的变化，即固体潮加卸载响应率与加卸载响应比的变化，对水位观测资料的计算分析表明，震前加卸载响应率及响应比有“平稳－升高－恢复”的特征，说明水位固体潮加卸载响应比方法有可能捕捉5级左右近震的前兆信息。  相似文献   

加卸载响应比理论在华南地区中强震预测中的应用     

刘特培  王莉娅  潘海生 《华南地震》2002,22(2):38-42

用加卸载响应比理论对华南地区12例中强以上地震进行研究，结果表明有8例在震前响应比值有明显的高值（Y≥2.0）异常显示，通过对响应比值随时间变化特征的分析发现，响应比对5级左右地震有较好的中短期预测效果，因此响应比理论可作为本区地震预测的新方法。  相似文献   

Bedrock structure in Adapazari, Turkey—a possible cause of severe damage by the 1999 Kociaeli earthquake     

Masao Komazawa  Hitoshi Morikawa  Kajuro Nakamura  Junpei Akamatsu  Keiichi Nishimura  Sumio Sawada  Ayfer Erken  Akin Onalp 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):829-836

The 1999 Kocaeli earthquake brought serious damage to downtown of Adapazari. To study why strong motions were generated at the town, a bedrock structure was investigated on the basis of Bouguer gravity anomaly, and SPAC and H/V analyses of microseisms. It was revealed that, the basin consists of three narrow depressions of bedrock with very steep edges, extending in E–W or NE–SW directions along the North Anatolia faults, and the depth to bedrock reaches 1000 m or more. Downtown of Adapazari is located 1–2 km apart from the basin-edge. It is considered that, the specific configuration of bedrock amplifies ground motions at the downtown area by focusing of seismic waves and/or interference between incident S-waves and surface-waves secondarily generated at the basin-edge. Studying 3D bedrock structure is an urgent issue for microzoning an urban area in a sedimentary basin.  相似文献   

南京地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的初步研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

刘雪珠  陈国兴  胡庆兴 《地震工程与工程振动》2002,22(5):127-131

本文通过对南京地区两个工程场地漫滩相成因的砂土和淤泥质粉粘土与粉砂互层土的自振动柱试验结果进行分析，探讨了围压对剪切模量G及阻力比λ的影响，通过与Seed和Idriss建议的砂土G/Gmax-γ和λ-γ曲线变化范围的对比，认为不能简单地把淤泥质粉质粘土与粉砂层土当作砂土或粉质粘土对待。  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐区域数字遥测台网各子台背景噪声分析   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6  

刘永廷  夏爱国  赵庆 《内陆地震》2002,16(4):366-371

选取乌鲁木齐区域数字遥测台网中 1 1个子台的背景噪声数字记录 ,计算并分析其背景噪声地动速度均方根值 RMS、有效测量动态范围以及噪声功率谱 ,最后确定出各台址背景噪声相对集中的频段  相似文献   

Some dynamical characteristics of microseism time-series     

Antoni M. Correig  Mercè Urquizú 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,149(3):589-598

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Use of Noise to Augment Training Data: A Neural Network Method of Mineral–Potential Mapping in Regions of Limited Known Deposit Examples     

Warick M. Brown  Tamás D. Gedeon  David I. Groves 《Natural Resources Research》2003,12(2):141-152

One of the main factors that affects the performance of MLP neural networks trained using the backpropagation algorithm in mineral-potential mapping isthe paucity of deposit relative to barren training patterns. To overcome this problem, random noise is added to the original training patterns in order to create additional synthetic deposit training data. Experiments on the effect of the number of deposits available for training in the Kalgoorlie Terrane orogenic gold province show that both the classification performance of a trained network and the quality of the resultant prospectivity map increasesignificantly with increased numbers of deposit patterns. Experiments are conducted to determine the optimum amount of noise using both uniform and normally distributed random noise. Through the addition of noise to the original deposit training data, the number of deposit training patterns is increased from approximately 50 to 1000. The percentage of correct classifications significantly improves for the independent test set as well as for deposit patterns in the test set. For example, using ±40% uniform random noise, the test-set classification performance increases from 67.9% and 68.0% to 72.8% and 77.1% (for test-set overall and test-set deposit patterns, respectively). Indices for the quality of the resultant prospectivity map, (i.e. D/A, D × (D/A), where D is the percentage of deposits and A is the percentage of the total area for the highest prospectivity map-class, and area under an ROC curve) also increase from 8.2, 105, 0.79 to 17.9, 226, 0.87, respectively. Increasing the size of the training-stop data set results in a further increase in classification performance to 73.5%, 77.4%, 14.7, 296, 0.87 for test-set overall and test-set deposit patterns, D/A, D × (D/A), and area under the ROC curve, respectively.  相似文献   

滑带土动力学性质试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

晏鄂川  刘汉超  唐辉明 《工程地质学报》2003,11(3):318-322

为了研究地震高烈度区老滑坡的复活变形原因,本文对滑坡滑带土的动力学特性进行了系列研究。本次试验采用扰动土样,制样基本物理指标按滑带土的现场测试指标确定,在不固结不排水条件下,运用MTS810Teststar程控液压伺服土动三轴仪对单个样品逐级放大动应力的分级试验方法进行。侧向压力 (围压 )分别采用 100kPa、20 0kPa、300kPa三级,通过施加轴向振动荷载 (力 )模拟地震作用,振动波形为正弦波,频率为 1Hz,振幅随试样性质确定。研究结果表明,滑带土在动荷载作用下的动力学性质与其静荷载作用下的力学性质有着较大的差异,主要表现在滑带土的动应力与动应变关系的非线性、滞后性及变形积累特点,动弹性模量与动强度的显著降低以及动阻尼比的显著增大特性。这揭示了动力作用下的滑坡复活原因之一,同时为滑坡稳定性评价和动力作用下的变形机制模拟分析提供了基础资料,也为分析滑带土动力本构模型提供了基本内容。  相似文献