fx-4500P计算器在道路施工测量中的应用     

罗诚 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(1):175-177

给出了在道路施工测量中常用的fx-4500P计算程序。并对如何利用极坐标法进行道路施工测量放样作了论述。  相似文献   

球坐标系下谱元法三维地震波场模拟          下载免费PDF全文

董兴朋  杨顶辉 《地球物理学报》2017,60(12):4671-4680

谱元法已成为区域性乃至大陆性尺度地震波场模拟的重要工具.对于区域或大陆尺度层析成像而言,地球曲率不可忽略,此时模拟地震波传播采用球坐标系更为合适.本文从球坐标系下弹性波动方程弱形式出发,基于球坐标系变分原理给出了球坐标系下求解三维地震波方程的谱元法.另一方面,计算Fréchet敏感核是进行全波形反演的关键,本文借助伴随原理,推导了全波走时层析成像三维Fréchet敏感核表达式.为了验证球坐标系下谱元法的精度,我们将数值模拟结果与normal mode方法得到的解析解在1-D PREM模型下进行了对比.同时,我们将此方法应用到华北克拉通区域,以期获得地球内部结构精确成像.基于3-D全球径向各向异性地幔模型S362ANI和3-D地壳模型Crust1.0,我们建立了华北克拉通初始3-D背景模型,并将数值模拟结果与实际观测台站记录波形资料进行对比分析,利用互相关方法提取走时残差,最后给出了Fréchet敏感核在3-D空间中的分布,这些工作为下一步开展球坐标系下三维大尺度全波形反演奠定了基础.  相似文献   

CAD图形快速坐标转换方法实现     

彭良勇  李晓丹 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(4):199-201

坐标转换是测绘地理信息数据处理中最常见的问题之一。2018年国土资源部门全面使用2000国家大地坐标系的要求,更增加了图形数据坐标转换的需求。本文首先介绍了用Python编程实现四参数的快速解算方法,然后实现了用Python直接读写DXF文件坐标值实现坐标转换和在AutoCAD VBA环境下进行CAD图形坐标转换的快捷方法,并比较了两种方法的效率和优缺点。本文实现的坐标转换方法编程简单,使用方便,对于地理信息工作者和规划、国土等基层业务管理部门等具有很强的实用性。  相似文献   

高铁轨道中长波不平顺值计算新方法研究     

陈海军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2019,42(5):227-230

高铁轨道中长波不平顺值是评价轨道几何状态的重要参数,也是指导高速铁路现场轨道精调作业的主要依据,是列车安全高速运行的重要指标之一。本文针对目前高铁轨道矢距差法计算不平顺值,存在计算复杂、计算与检测弦起点的选择有关、结果并不唯一、计算值与实际轨道精调作业调整量方向不一致等问题,提出基于坐标绝对偏差法计算轨道中长波不平顺值的新方法。利用该方法不仅使轨道中长波不平顺值的计算变得简单,而且还与轨道检测弦的起点无关,计算结果唯一,并能满足工程实际需要。  相似文献   

论狭窄潮汐水道中sigma坐标下的余流     

程鹏 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):1-2

在受波动影响的近岸浅水区域,运用sigma坐标是计算平均水位附近的余流的有效途径。本项研究在理论上分析了在狭窄潮汐水道中sigma坐标下的余流的物理意义,并运用一系列的理想化数值模型对分析结果进行了验证。对于浅水波,sigma层和水体中的波动面相一致,因而斯托克斯速度及其分量可以用sigma坐标上的速度来表达。一个sigma层上的余流（即sigma余流）是位于这一sigma层平均深度上的欧拉余流和斯托克斯速度垂向分量的和,可以被看做是半拉格朗日余流。因为斯托克斯速度的垂向分量比其水平分量小一个量级,sigma余流可看做为欧拉余流的近似。在sigma层上的物质输运余流是sigma余流和斯托克斯速度水平分量的和,在大小和方向上和拉格朗日余流近似。  相似文献   

Applying invariant eigen-operator method to deriving normal coordinates of general classical Hamiltonian     

范洪义  陈俊华  袁洪春 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(9)

For classical Hamiltonian with general form we find a new convenient way to obtain its normal coordinates, namely, let H be quantised and then employ the invariant eigen-operator (IEO) method (Fan et al. 2004 Phys. Lett. A 321 75) to derive them. The general matrix equation, which relies on M and L, for obtaining the normal coordinates of H is derived.  相似文献   

Numerical Modeling of the Hyperbolic Mild-Slope Equation in Curvilinear Coordinates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

佟飞飞  沈永明  唐军  崔雷 《中国海洋工程》2010,(4)

The mild-slope equation is familiar to coastal engineers as it can effectively describe wave propagation in nearshore regions. However,its computational method in Cartesian coordinates often renders the model inaccurate in areas with irregular shorelines,such as estuaries and harbors. Based on the hyperbolic mild-slope equation in Cartesian coordinates,the numerical model in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates is developed. The transformed model is discretized by the finite difference method and solved by th...  相似文献   

Vector method to compute the Cartesian (X, Y, Z) to geodetic ({\phi}, λ, h) transformation on a triaxial ellipsoid     

J. Feltens 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(2):129-137

The vector-based algorithm to transform Cartesian (X, Y, Z ) into geodetic coordinates (, λ, h) presented by Feltens (J Geod, 2007, doi:) has been extended for triaxial ellipsoids. The extended algorithm is again based on simple formulae and has successfully been tested for the Earth and other celestial bodies and for a wide range of positive and negative ellipsoidal heights.  相似文献   

A non-iterative and non-singular perturbation solution for transforming Cartesian to geodetic coordinates     

James D. Turner 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(2):139-145

The Cartesian-to-Geodetic coordinate transformation is re-cast as a minimization algorithm for the height of the Satellite above the reference Earth surface. Optimal necessary conditions are obtained that fix the satellite ground track vector components in the Earth surface. The introduction of an artificial perturbation variable yields a rapidly converging second order power series solution. The initial starting guess for the solution provides 3–4 digits of precision. Convergence of the perturbation series expansion is accelerated by replacing the series solution with a Padé approximation. For satellites with heights < 30,000 km the second-order expansions yields ~mm satellite geodetic height errors and ~10⁻¹² rad errors for the geodetic latitude. No quartic or cubic solutions are required: the algorithm is both non-iterative and non-singular. Only two square root and two arc-tan calculations are required for the entire transformation. The proposed algorithm has been measured to be ~41% faster than the celebrated Bowring method. Several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new algorithm.  相似文献   

Gravitational gradients by tensor analysis with application to spherical coordinates   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

S. Casotto  E. Fantino 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(7):621-634

This contribution deals with the derivation of explicit expressions of the gradients of first, second and third order of the gravitational potential. This is accomplished in the framework of tensor analysis which naturally allows to apply general formulae to the specific coordinate systems in use in geodesy. In particular it is recalled here that when the potential field is expressed in general coordinates on a 3D manifold, the gradient operation leads to the definition of the covariant derivative and that the covariant derivative of a tensor can be obtained by application of a simple rule. When applied to the gravitational potential or to any of its gradients, the rule straightforwardly provides the expressions of the higher-order gradients. It is also shown that the tensor approach offers a clear distinction between natural and physical components of the gradients. Two fundamental reference systems—a global, bodycentric system and a local, topocentric system, both body-fixed—are introduced and transformation rules are derived to convert quantities between the two systems. The results include explicit expressions for the gradients of the first three orders in both reference systems.  相似文献