黄土与古季风   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴锡浩  安芷生 《地学前缘》1997,4(1):77-83

中国黄土的古季风记录研究，揭示了东亚季风区的环境变迁历史是来自中，高纬大陆的偏北冬季风与来自中，低纬海洋的偏南夏季风的环境效应优势期相互交替的历史。文中简要介绍了有关黄土高原黄土与古季风研究的重要进展，侧重讨论了中原地区末次冰期高分辨率黄土所记录的冬季风和夏季风变迁的特征，最后就今后全球变化计划的黄土与古季内研究提出了几点意义。  相似文献   

对比加深印象 实践促进掌握     

杨其政 《地理教学》1997,(2):39

我国东部地区夏秋季节的降水大多是锋面雨，这与我国东部地区强大的季风环流有密切关系，我在课堂上讲解冷锋与暖锋时一般是通过对比来区别不同点的：1、锋面坡度的大小，冷锋锋面坡度较陡，而暖锋锋面坡度较缓；2、降水地带(雨带)与锋线的相对位置，玲锋雨带分布在锋线前后，暖锋雨带分布于锋线的玲气团一侧。  相似文献   

气压带、风带对我国天气和气候的影响     

徐超霭 《地理教学》1997,(5):24-25

人们谈到我国天气和气候时，往往只强调季风，实际上，我国的天气和气候受副热带高气压带和西风带的影响相当明显。  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUMMER MONSOON ONSET OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND THE POSSIBLE MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS LATE OR EARLY ONSET     

蓝光东  温之平  贺海晏 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2004,10(2):190-200

The characteristics of atmospheric heat source associated with the summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (SCS) are studied using ECMWF reanalysis data from 1979 to 1993. A criterion of the SCS summer monsoon onset is defined by the atmospheric hea…  相似文献   

青藏高原影响亚洲夏季气候研究的最新进展   总被引：40，自引：6，他引：40  

吴国雄  毛江玉  段安民  张琼 《气象学报》2004,62(5):528-540

文中回顾了近 10a来吴国雄等在青藏高原影响亚洲夏季气候研究方面的最新进展。通过分析东西风交界面的演变证明 ,由于青藏高原的春季加热 ,亚洲季风区对流层低层冬季盛行偏东风转变为夏季偏西南风最早发生在孟加拉湾东部 ,与其相伴随的激烈对流降水出现在其东面。因此孟加拉湾东部至中印半岛西部是亚洲季风最早爆发的地区。同时也指出盛夏伊朗高原和青藏高原加热所激发的同相环流嵌套在欧亚大陆尺度的热力环流中 ,从而加强了东亚的夏季风 ,加剧了中西亚的干旱 ;并通过其所激发的波动对夏季东亚的气候格局产生重要影响。文中还比较了夏季南亚高压的伊朗模态和青藏模态性质的异同及其对亚洲夏季降水异常分布的不同影响。  相似文献   

A Modeling Study of the Effects of Anomalous Snow Cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian Summer Monsoon   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘华强  孙照渤王举 闵锦忠 《大气科学进展》2004,21(6):964-975

The effect of anomalous snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau upon the South Asian summer monsoon is investigated by numerical simulations using the NCAR regional climate model (RegCM2) into which gravity wave drag has been introduced. The simulations adopt relatively realistic snow mass forcings based on Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SNINIR) pentad snow depth data. The physical mechanism and spatial structure of the sensitivity of the South Asian early summer monsoon to snow cover anomaly over the Tibetan Plateau are revealed. The main results are summarized as follows. The heavier than normal snow cover over the Plateau can obviously reduce the shortwave radiation absorbed by surface through the albedo effect, which is compensated by weaker upward sensible heat flux associated with colder surface temperature, whereas the effects of snow melting and evaporation are relatively smaller.The anomalies of surface heat fluxes can last until June and become unobvious in July. The decrease of the Plateau surface temperature caused by heavier snow cover reaches its maximum value from late April to early May. The atmospheric cooling in the mid-upper troposphere over the Plateau and its surrounding areas is most obvious in May and can keep a fairly strong intensity in June. In contrast, there is warming to the south of the Plateau in the mid-lower troposphere from April to June with a maximum value in May.The heavier snow cover over the Plateau can reduce the intensity of the South Asian summer monsoon and rainfall to some extent, but this influence is only obvious in early summer and almost disappears in later stages.  相似文献   

南亚“热带季风气候与农业”教学难点突破     

《地理教学》2004,(10):29-30

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Possible Impacts of the Arctic Oscillation on the Interdecadal Variation of Summer Monsoon Rainfall in East Asia   总被引：18，自引：5，他引：18  

JU Jianhu  Lü Junmei  CAO Jie  REN Juzhang 《大气科学进展》2005,22(1):39-48

The influences of the wintertime AO (Arctic Oscillation) on the interdecadal variation of summer monsoon rainfall in East Asia were examined. An interdecadal abrupt change was found by the end of the 1970s in the variation of the AO index and the leading principal component time series of the summer rainfall in East Asia, The rainfall anomaly changed from below normal to above normal in central China, the southern part of northeastern China and the Korean peninsula around 1978. However,the opposite interdecadal variation was found in the rainfall anomaly in North China and South China.The interdecadal variation of summer rainfall is associated with the weakening of the East Asia summer monsoon circulation. It is indicated that the interdecadal variation of the AO exerts an influence on the weakening of the monsoon circulation. The recent trend in the AO toward its high-index polarity during the past two decades plays important roles in the land-sea contrast anomalies and wintertime precipitation anomaly. The mid- and high-latitude regions of the Asian continent are warming, while the low-latitude regions are cooling in winter and spring along with the AO entering its high-index polarity after the late 1970s. In the meantime, the precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and South China is excessive, implying an increase of soil moisture. The cooling tendency of the land in the southern part of Asia will persist until summer because of the memory of soil moisture. So the warming of the Asian continent is relatively slow in summer. Moreover, the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean which are located southward and eastward of the Asian land, are warming from winter to summer. This suggests that the contrast between the land and sea is decreased in summer. The interdecadal decrease of the land-sea heat contrast finally leads to the weakening of the East Asia summer monsoon circulation.  相似文献   

“龙舟水”泛滥成百年一遇的特大洪灾     

《广东气象》2005,(3):F003-F003

2005年的“龙舟水”泛滥南粤,6月18-25日持续一周的特大致洪暴雨过程,使广东省遭遇了百年一遇的洪水灾害。受高空槽、切变线和西南季风共同影响,广东省出现了较大范围连续性特大暴雨和强降水,其中,龙门县录得的过程累积雨量1300.2 mm。再加上珠江流域各大江河上游洪水的不断涌入和天文大潮的顶托,西江水位急剧上涨,6月23日中午-24日早晨,西江的封开、德庆、高要分别超警戒水位8.92 m、6.58m、2.68 m,流量达到56300m3/S,北江清远超警戒水位2.18 m。暴洪、泥石流、塌方、洪涝等自然灾害,成片出现在广东的河源、韶关、肇庆、惠州、清远、汕尾、珠海等地区的乡镇,17个市89个县(市、区)762个乡(镇)受灾,受灾人口441.6万人,直接经济损失45.2亿元人民币,特大暴雨造成京九铁路多处地段发生土方溜坍,被迫中断行车10多天。受暴雨和天文大潮夹击,广州珠江最高潮位超过基面2 m。江水漫进广州城,市内低洼地多处水浸超过1 m,南岸的铁轨一度被大水淹没,沿江路、滨江路等大马路水深盈尺,风景如画的小岛沙面顿成水泽。暴雨令著名风景区白云山出现20多处塌方,也令白云机场几度关闭。  相似文献   

南海琼东上升流区过去1900年海洋生产力记录     

计超  徐利强  张一辉  郭敏  孔德明 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2020,40(5):97-106

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