Interactions between basalts and oil source rocks in rift basins： CO2 generation     

金强  许丽  万从礼  曾怡 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(1):58-65

Basalts interbedded with oil source rocks are discovered frequently in rift basins of eastern China, where CO2 is found in reservoirs around or within basalts, for example in the Binnan reservoir of the Dongying Depression. In the reservoirs, CO2 with heavy carbon isotopic composition (δ13C>-10‰ PDB) is in most cases accounts for 40% of the total gas reserve, and is believed to have resulted from degassing of basaltic magma from the mantle. In their investigations of the Binnan reservoir, the authors suggested that the CO2 would result from interactions between the source rocks and basalts. As the source rocks around basalts are rich in carbonate minerals, volcanic minerals, transition metals and organic matter, during their burial history some of the transition metals were catalyzed on the thermal degradation of organic matter into hydrocarbons and on the decomposition of carbonate minerals into CO2, which was reproduced in thermal simulations of the source rocks with the transition metals (Ni and Co). This kind of CO2 accounts for 55%-85% of the total gas reserve generated in the process of thermal simulation, and its δ13C values range from -11‰- -7.2‰ PDB, which are very similar to those of CO2 found in the Binnan reservoir. The co-generation of CO2 and hydrocarbon gases makes it possible their accumulation together in one trap. In other words, if the CO2 resulted directly from degassing of basaltic magma or was derived from the mantle, it could not be accumulated with hydrocarbon gases because it came into the basin much earlier than hydrocarbon generation and much earlier than trap formation. Therefore, the source rocks around basalts generated hydrocarbons and CO2 simultaneously through catalysis of Co and Ni transition metals, which is useful for the explanation of co-accumulation of hydrocarbon gases and CO2 in rift basins in eastern China.  相似文献   

C02-CH4流体与金成矿作用：以阿尔泰山南缘和穆龙套金矿为例     

徐九华谢玉玲  丁汝福阴元军单立华  张国瑞 《岩石学报》2007,23(8):2026-2032

造山型金矿的成矿作用与H20-CO2流体有着密切的联系。然而对阿尔泰山南缘和穆龙套金矿的流体包裹体研究表明，无水的CO2-CH4流体在中亚成矿域中一些金矿床中具有同样重要意义。阿尔泰山南缘萨热阔布金矿包裹体的Xch4达0.20～0.23，穆龙套金矿的XCH4为0.07～0.23。CH4扩大了流体不混溶的范围，有利于对Au的富集沉淀。CO2流体在Au成矿中的重要作用至少包括了三方面的意义，即：缓冲流体PH值范围、提高流体中的Au含量并使其维持与还原硫的络合作用进行迁移；扩大超临界流体的温度范围；增加流体不混溶的区域。CH4的加入扩大了流体不混溶的范围，有利于对Au的富集沉淀。  相似文献   

Soil organic carbon storage and soil CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> flux in the alpine meadow ecosystem     

Tao Zhen  Shen ChengDe  Gao QuanZhou  Sun YanMin  Yi WeiXi  Li YingNian 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(7):1103-1114

High-resolution sampling, measurements of organic carbon contents and ¹⁴C signatures of selected four soil profiles in the Haibei Station situated on the northeast Tibetan Plateau, and application of ¹⁴C tracing technology were conducted in an attempt to investigate the turnover times of soil organic carbon and the soil-CO₂ flux in the alpine meadow ecosystem. The results show that the organic carbon stored in the soils varies from 22.12×10⁴ kg C hm⁻² to 30.75×10⁴ kg C hm⁻² in the alpine meadow ecosystems, with an average of 26.86×10⁴ kg C hm⁻². Turnover times of organic carbon pools increase with depth from 45 a to 73 a in the surface soil horizon to hundreds of years or millennia or even longer at the deep soil horizons in the alpine meadow ecosystems. The soil-CO₂ flux ranges from 103.24 g C m⁻² a⁻¹ to 254.93 gC m⁻² a⁻¹, with an average of 191.23 g C m⁻² a⁻¹. The CO₂ efflux produced from microbial decomposition of organic matter varies from 73.3 g C m⁻² a⁻¹ to 181 g C m⁻² a⁻¹. More than 30% of total soil organic carbon resides in the active carbon pool and 72.8%281.23% of total CO₂ emitted from organic matter decomposition results from the topsoil horizon (from 0 cm to 10 cm) for the Kobresia meadow. Responding to global warming, the storage, volume of flow and fate of the soil organic carbon in the alpine meadow ecosystem of the Tibetan Plateau will be changed, which needs further research. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40231015, 40471120 and 40473002) and the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 06300102)  相似文献   

东昆仑活动断裂带西大滩段断层气(Rn,CO_2)的释放特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李陈侠  徐锡伟  F Perrier  P Richon  陈桂华  Y Klinger  J-M Nocquet  C Romieu  张晓清  常振广 《地震地质》2007,29(4):905-909

通过在东昆仑活动断裂带西大滩段进行断层气测试,首次获取了该断裂带中Rn和CO2的释放量。在2004年开挖的2～3m深的探槽内,氡浓度可达20732Bq.m-3,氡发射率可达433mBq.m-2.s-1,远高于在地表的氡浓度505～2380Bq.m-3与氡发射率7～28.19mBq.m-2.s-1(地表氡发射率均值为14.7mBq.m-2.s-1,与世界平均值相当)。从而我们推断该断裂具有从上部第四系覆盖物到深部花岗岩之间的良好连通性。在地表CO2的析出率平均值为18.9g.m-2.d-1,与通常的背景值相当,在探槽中和距离断层1km的地方没有明显的空间变化,但是在断层北侧3km处的一个近乎直立的千枚岩小山上,CO2的析出率却很高,为421g.m-2.d-1,同时该处氡的发射率也高,达503mBq.m-2.s-1,因此,有必要在该断裂附近进行长期监测  相似文献   

MOPITT观测的CO分布规律及与瓦里关地面观测结果的比较   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赵春生  方圆圆  汤洁  郑向东  周广强 《应用气象学报》2007,18(1):36-41,I0002

利用TERRA/MOPITT仪器测量的2000年3月—2004年5月的CO数据,分析了CO的时空分布特征及其变化趋势,并且与美国国家海洋大气管理局气候监测与诊断实验室(CMDL/NOAA)在瓦里关站的CO观测结果进行比较和验证。结果表明:CO的高值区在北半球主要位于东亚、西欧和北美,而在南半球主要位于非洲中西部和南美洲的赤道地区;CO的分布随季节变化显著,春季北半球的CO浓度最高,而秋季南半球的CO浓度偏高;东亚的CO高值区主要是位于中国东部沿海地区和日本列岛一带。对于北京和瓦里关CO的趋势分析明表:这两个地区的CO浓度在这4年内都是呈上升趋势。结合CMDL的观测资料与卫星观测结果进行比较和检验发现,瓦里关站卫星观测结果和CMDL的结果在时间序列的变化趋势一致,卫星柱总量的观测数据和CMDL数据的相关性非常好。  相似文献   

MM5对末次盛冰期中国气候的模拟研究Ⅰ:CO2和地球轨道参数的影响     

刘煜何金海  李维亮陈隆勋 《气象学报》2007,65(2):139-150

通过模式结果与实况资料和地质记录对比,表明模式系统可以较好地模拟现代气候状况和末次盛冰期气候的变化,特别是降水的变化与地质记录符合得较好。在末次盛冰期和现代气候状况下地球轨道参数的变化对中国地区年平均温度的影响很小,但对不同季节温度变化的作用不同。冬季气温的变化比较显著,不能忽略。CO2浓度在末次盛冰期最低,其混合比为200×10-6,这使得气温降低。CO2的作用也存在明显的季节和区域特征。冬季其影响最大;但夏季其作用较小,甚至出现CO2浓度减少温度增加的现象。产生增温现象的原因是云量发生了变化,使到达地面的太阳辐射增加。这个结果表明云在气候变化中,可能起着非常重要的作用,甚至可以影响某时段和区域温度等要素变化的方向。青藏高原地区对这两个辐射因子变化的响应与中国其他地区相比偏小,原因是该地区的云量高于其他地区。相对现代气候,末次盛冰期地球轨道参数变化对气候的影响小于CO2的作用。但相对于末次盛冰期气候的变化,这两个因子的贡献都是比较小的。CO2对末次盛冰期年平均温度变化的贡献大约为3%—10%。此外,现代和末次盛冰期气候背景下,CO2的作用相同。  相似文献   

信息量法在西宁市斜坡稳定性评价中的应用   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

毕海良 《水文地质工程地质》1998,25(4):25-27

本文选定西宁市东川弱侧丘陵前缘做为评价对象,采用二态变量信息法,对斜皮稳定性进行试评价。通过本次尝试性计算评价,与实际情况对比检验,其准确率达到８９％。故本方法在斜坡稳定性评价中较为实用。  相似文献   

胜利油田火山岩单个包裹体碳同位素   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

赫英 《地质科学》1998,33(3):380-383

近年来,在我国东部陆续发现了一些二氧化碳气藏,对其成因,不少学者有过讨论, 得出许多重要认识^①。  相似文献   

Magmatic Network Structure of Volcanic Rocks in the Shengli Oilfield, Eastern China     

HE Ying  ZHU Xingguo Department of Geology  Northwest University  Xi''an  Shaanxi  XU PeicangXi''an Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Xi''an  Shaanxi 《《地质学报》英文版》1998,72(2):191-197

Types of polymerized molecular network structure and degree of bond breakdown for glass phases of magmatic inclusions and glassy matrix in volcanic rocks from the Shengli oilfield have been defined by the laser Raman spectroscopic investigation. There are significant differences in types of polymerized molecular network structure and degree of bond 'breakdown of the magmatic glass phases between the non-CO2 and COa gas pools: magmatic glass phases of fluid inclusions and matrix in volcanic rocks from the CO2 gas pool contain more sheet network molecules and have a greater degree of bond beakdown than those from the non-CO2 gas pool; and when gas bubbles occur in evolving magma, magma saturated with volatile components has more sheet network molecules. The results suggest the magma-degassing mechanism of the formation of CO2 gas pools in the Shengli oilfield.  相似文献   

海尔—波普彗星的CO（J=1—0）谱线的观测     

裴春传  曾琴 《天文学报》1998,39(1):103-105

使用紫金山天文台青海观测站13．7米毫米波射电望远镜,于1996年12月10日至1997年1月2日和1997年3月25日至1997年4月4日对海尔－波普彗星的CO分子J＝1—0转动跃迁谱线（频率为115．27120GHz）进行了观测．观测谱线表明,CO分子相对于地心的速度比彗星整体相对于地心的速度要小些,即有蓝移现象．这反映了CO分子是由该彗星迎着太阳的面以一定的速度产生出来的．从观测谱线中还初步估算了该彗星CO分子的产生速率．  相似文献