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Basalts interbedded with oil source rocks are discovered frequently in rift basins of eastern China, where CO2 is found in reservoirs around or within basalts, for example in the Binnan reservoir of the Dongying Depression. In the reservoirs, CO2 with heavy carbon isotopic composition (δ13C>-10‰ PDB) is in most cases accounts for 40% of the total gas reserve, and is believed to have resulted from degassing of basaltic magma from the mantle. In their investigations of the Binnan reservoir, the authors suggested that the CO2 would result from interactions between the source rocks and basalts. As the source rocks around basalts are rich in carbonate minerals, volcanic minerals, transition metals and organic matter, during their burial history some of the transition metals were catalyzed on the thermal degradation of organic matter into hydrocarbons and on the decomposition of carbonate minerals into CO2, which was reproduced in thermal simulations of the source rocks with the transition metals (Ni and Co). This kind of CO2 accounts for 55%-85% of the total gas reserve generated in the process of thermal simulation, and its δ13C values range from -11‰- -7.2‰ PDB, which are very similar to those of CO2 found in the Binnan reservoir. The co-generation of CO2 and hydrocarbon gases makes it possible their accumulation together in one trap. In other words, if the CO2 resulted directly from degassing of basaltic magma or was derived from the mantle, it could not be accumulated with hydrocarbon gases because it came into the basin much earlier than hydrocarbon generation and much earlier than trap formation. Therefore, the source rocks around basalts generated hydrocarbons and CO2 simultaneously through catalysis of Co and Ni transition metals, which is useful for the explanation of co-accumulation of hydrocarbon gases and CO2 in rift basins in eastern China. 相似文献
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东营凹陷纯西辉长岩对烃源岩异常生排烃作用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基性岩浆带来大量的热量和地幔物质,并产生极高的压力,加速了周围烃源岩的成熟演化,且促使其排烃,形成放射状排烃格局;辉长岩中的过渡金属由于有机酸的活化、迁移,并最终在周围烃源岩中沉淀、聚集,它们对烃源岩生烃起到显著的催化作用,使其早熟;火山热液中以及辉长岩蚀变产生的CH4和H2对烃源岩生烃起到加氢作用,显著扩大了其生烃量和提高了区域油气丰度。 相似文献
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吉林桦甸市地质灾害现状及防治对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章在论述桦甸市地形地貌、地层岩性，土壤，断裂、褶皱等构造运动以及水文地质条件基础上，系统阐述了区内地质灾害类型、现状及危害。桦甸市地质灾害主要有滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、地面塌陷。境内地形地质条件及地质构造对各类地质灾害的发生起控制作用，而人类活动对自然生态环境的破坏，又进一步诱发、恶化了某些地质灾害，对各类地质灾害的发生、发展有重要影响。在自然及人为双重因素作用下，区内各类地质灾害不断发生，严重威胁当地人民的生命财产安全、阻碍经济发展。文章分析了诱发、恶化地质灾害的自然、人为双重因素，提出防灾、减灾对策：①积极开展地质灾害宣传工作，树立和增强全民防灾减灾、珍惜资源、保护环境的意识；②制定地质灾害防治规划；③加强地质灾害防治工作的领导；④贯彻执行相关的法律法规，依法治灾；⑤运用现代高新技术和设备防治地质灾害；⑥建立群专相结合的防治体系，打造一支专业化的地质灾害防治队伍；⑦坚持工程措施、生物措施及行政措施并举，综合治理。对各类地质灾害应实行开发式治理，这一对策不仅可以防灾、减灾，改善自然生态环境，而且可以促进当地经济发展使人民生活致富。 相似文献
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生油岩与火成岩的相互作用研究初探：—有机酸对火成岩的蚀变及过渡金属对有机质演化的催化作用 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
在发育火成岩的生油层中，微生物和热作用导致生油岩有机质形成有机酸，这些有机酸对火山矿物中的金属元素有一种有效的熔剂和迁移介质，特别是能促使其中的过渡金属活化和溶解。这样造成与火成岩共存的生油岩内过渡金属含量显著增加，一些过渡金属是有机质成烃演化良好的催化剂。同时火山和热液活动还能向生油层提供过渡金属元素，从而使与火成岩共生的生油岩油气生成量大大提高。 相似文献
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