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111.
为进一步开发近江牡蛎Crassostreaariakensis的基因资源,探究黄河口与长江口近江牡蛎的遗传差异,采用Illumina HiSeq 4000测序平台对东营垦利和南通海门的近江牡蛎进行高通量转录组测序。对测序数据进行拼接后分别得到83680条和71269条unigene,并对unigene进行了基因功能注释和正选择基因的富集分析。结果表明,同源基因经筛选得到正选择基因259个,GO (Gene Ontology)功能分析中共涉及到967个相关功能类别,其中有关到生物学过程的分类条目占比最多,为590项。总体上看,与细胞器、代谢过程、结合以及催化活性相关的类别占主导地位。KEGG( Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)富集分析表明,共涉及48个代谢通路,其中与核糖体、细胞凋亡相关的通路占比最大。上述结果不仅加深了对黄河口以及长江口近江牡蛎基因表达水平差异的认识,同时也为今后进行近江牡蛎各类遗传学分析和一些关键基因的克隆以及具体功能分析提供了基础数据。 相似文献
112.
Elevation of metal concentrations in coastal environments associated with anthropogenic enrichment pose a significant threat to estuarine organisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between cellular responses that may be potentially valuable as indicators of chronic stress and metal-contaminated sediments. For these studies, hatchery-reared juvenile oysters were deployed in situ at 15 sites for approximately 1 month around Charleston Harbor, SC. The effects on lysosomal destabilization and glutathione concentrations were determined; and the relationships between the cellular responses and sediment metal concentrations were described. Both single metal and multiple metal parameters (based on total metal concentrations, aluminum normalizations, and summed sediment quality guidelines) were considered. Generally, significant correlations were observed for individual metal analytes and multiple metal parameters. Since many of the individual metal analytes covary, the responses may reflect overall contaminant loading rather than responses to individual metals. Methods for estimating overall contaminant loading based on multiple analytes provide a more realistic estimate of potential adverse effects. 相似文献
113.
Putth Songsangjinda Osamu Matsuda Tamiji Yamamoto Narasimmalu Rajendran Hajime Maeda 《Journal of Oceanography》2000,56(2):223-231
The predominance of bivalves affects the cycle of materials in the coastal ecosystem. In the present study, the role of suspended oyster culture on the nitrogen cycle was demonstrated for the northern Hiroshima Bay. The nitrogen cycle was considered as two systems, (1) the primary production (PP) system and (2) the oyster culture (OC) system. The results show that about 26% of N productivity was supplied to process by cultured oysters in the OC system. This process varies seasonally due to the seasonal variations of PON, physiological activities and biomass of oysters. The N processing rates were found to be high in summer and low in winter. The biodeposition and excretion of N in the OC system are 3.0 and 2.1 ton N d–1, while the natural sedimentation rate and N regeneration in the PP system are 8.3 and 18.0 ton N d–1, which indicates that the PP system is a major system regenerating N in the water column. The release of total dissolved N from the bottom to the water column is about 8.3 ton N d–1. The amount of N harvested as oyster product was about 1.3 ton N d–1, which is about 10% of daily N loading in north Hiroshima Bay. According to the N cycle developed in the present study, the results suggest the significant role of suspended oyster culture on the nitrogen cycle in Hiroshima Bay. In addition, our results indicate that oyster production was efficiently harvested, suggesting that oyster culture could probably be used as a tool to remove N from Hiroshima Bay. 相似文献
114.
Sébastien Lefebvre Julio César Marín Leal Stanislas Dubois Francis Orvain Jean-Louis Blin Marie-Paule Bataillé Alain Ourry Robert Galois 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009
The temporal dynamics of carbon and nitrogen isotope values of co-occurring suspension-feeders in two shellfish culture areas (Normandy, France) were investigated over two years to evaluate the inter-specific trophic partitioning and relative contributions of organic matter sources to benthic suspension-feeders' diet. Oysters (Crassostrea gigas), mussels (Mytilus edulis), cockles (Cerastoderma edule), slipper limpets (Crepidula fornicata), and sand-mason worms (Lanice conchilega) were sampled in an estuarine environment (Baie des Veys, east Cotentin, Normandy), while oysters, mussels, slipper limpets, and honeycomb worms (Sabellaria alveolata) were sampled in an open-marine environment (Lingreville-sur-mer, west Cotentin, Normandy). Whatever the sampling period, the bivalves, C. gigas and M. edulis, exhibited the lowest values of δ13C and δ15N compared with the other species. Feeding relationships among suspension-feeders in both C. gigas culture areas exhibited temporal variations due to the marine/estuarine influence and seasonal changes in food supply. In the open-marine ecosystem, the contribution of phytoplankton remained the most important for all species except S. alveolata, while in the estuarine ecosystem, microphytobenthos and/or macroalgae detritus contributed a larger extent to the organisms' diets. During phytoplankton bloom periods (e.g. May and July) suspension-feeders, except for S. alveolata, relied strongly on phytoplankton; however, the majority of suspension-feeders exhibited different opportunistic behaviour in winter when phytoplankton biomass might be a limiting factor. We hypothesized that differences in particle capture and selection by the suspension-feeders influenced their isotopic values. Feeding ecology of suspension-feeders partly explained why competition was limited and why ecosystems can often support unexpectedly large numbers of suspension-feeders. We also showed that understanding ecosystem characteristics of the organic matter sources is of primary importance to determine the extent to which members of the suspension-feeding guild potentially compete for food. 相似文献
115.
Inheritance of 15 microsatellites in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: segregation and null allele identification for linkage analysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis (ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method in microsatellite genotyping. 相似文献
116.
Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were
detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three
linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis
(ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method
in microsatellite genotyping.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.40730845, 39825121) 相似文献
117.
118.
为了探究北部湾养殖区域香港牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)体内的异养细菌和弧菌数量及其耐药概况变化, 对不同养殖场牡蛎体内的异养细菌进行分离培养, 并统计其数量, 通过药敏纸片扩散等方法研究了细菌的耐药状况。结果显示: 牡蛎在高死亡率养殖环境中体内的异养细菌[(8.6±0.4)×106CFU·g-1]和弧菌[(9.5±0.4)×105CFU·g-1]数量较高, 在中死亡率环境中体内的异养细菌[(6.9±0.2)×106CFU·g-1]和弧菌[(4.5±0.6)×105CFU·g-1]数量次之, 在低死亡率养殖环境中体内的异养细菌[(3.3±0.1)×106CFU·g-1]和弧菌[(2.5±0.6)×105CFU·g-1]数量最低。耐药细菌主要为革兰氏阴性菌, 对β-内酰胺类(青霉素)、糖肽类(万古霉素)的耐药率较高, 对四环素类(四环素、多西环素)的耐药率次之, 对氨基糖苷类(链霉素、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、新霉素)、大环内酯类(红霉素)、喹诺酮类(诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星)的耐药率较低。在高死亡率环境中牡蛎体内的多重耐药菌占79.7%, 其耐药谱型(48种)较广; 在中度死亡率环境中牡蛎体内的多重耐药菌占66.2%, 其耐药谱型为30种; 在低死亡率环境中牡蛎体内的多重耐药菌占58.4%, 其耐药谱型为17种。本文探究了牡蛎死亡率与其体内异养细菌数量和细菌耐药性的关系, 结果显示牡蛎在高死亡率环境中体内的耐药细菌数量多、耐药谱型较广, 低死亡率环境中牡蛎体内的耐药细菌数量较少, 异养细菌数量与牡蛎死亡率呈正相关关系, 两者相关系数为0.996。 相似文献
119.
120.
Jenny Moehler K. Mathias Wegner Karsten Reise Sabine Jacobsen 《Journal of Sea Research》2011,66(3):256-262
As a result of aquaculture activities Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) have invaded the European Wadden Sea. Using a variable noncoding mitochondrial marker, we show that the invaded range is the result of two independent invasions. Haplotype frequencies point towards two separate groups, one in the southern and the other in the northern Wadden Sea. We found virtually no genetic differentiation throughout the southern range and the putative source from British Columbia, Canada, suggesting that the Southern region can be considered as a closed population. In the North, mismatch distributions, haplotype ordination and isolation-by-distance analysis suggest a stronger, persistent impact of aquaculture on invasive populations. Due to the ongoing supply of new genetic material from hatchery production the northern invasive populations can therefore be considered as an open population highlighting the importance of aquaculture practice on the genetics of this keystone invader in the Wadden Sea. 相似文献