苯并(a)芘和芘对梭鱼肝脏DNA损伤的研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

陈奕欣  王重刚  李钦  刘艳  郑微云 《海洋学报》2000,22(2):92-96

用苯并(a)芘、芘以及它们的等量混和物,分别在浓度为0.1,1,10,20,50μg/dm3浓度下对梭鱼暴污,5d后取梭鱼肝脏和鳃用碱解旋法分别测定其DNA的损伤,结果随着污染物浓度的增加,肝脏DNA损伤程度增加;在相同浓度下,苯并(a)芘和芘的联合毒性大于苯并(a)芘和芘分别作用时的毒性之和。所以苯并(a)芘和芘对DNA损伤的联合作用应为加强作用。  相似文献   

冲绳日本绒螯蟹线粒体DNA 12S rRNA序列的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张秀梅  高天翔  王溪宏 《广东海洋大学学报》2000,20(2):11-14

采集日本冲绳源河川和边野古川的日本绒螯蟹样品 ,参考果蝇与蚤状氵蚤线粒体 DNA12 Sr RNA基因片段序列进行了其相同片段的引物设计、PCR扩增及序列测定。结果表明冲绳两河川 4只日本绒螯蟹的碱基序列完全相同 ,为 4 58bp,其 A、T、G、C含量分别为 16 0 bp(34.94 % )、 179bp(39.0 8% )、4 9bp(10 .70 % )、70 bp(15.2 8% ) ,同果蝇与蚤状氵蚤相同基因片段的序列含量相似。  相似文献   

鄱阳湖流域蚌类环境DNA宏条形码引物的筛选验证   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈金萍  周春花  欧阳珊  黄晓晨  吴小平 《湖泊科学》2021,33(4):1254-1264

环境DNA技术是一种非侵入、高灵敏、高效率且对环境无破坏性,对生物体无损伤的调查工具.为了筛选适合于蚌类环境DNA生物多样性研究的宏条形码引物,本研究通过对鄱阳湖流域24种常见蚌的基因组DNA进行普通扩增和高通量测序筛选了11对引物(设计了9对通用引物及从相关文献中引用了2对引物),结果显示引物cytb和16S rRN...  相似文献   

中国工业结对集聚和空间关联性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张可云  朱春筱 《地理学报》2021,76(4):1019-1033

要推动形成优势互补高质量发展的区域经济布局,就需要从产业关联视角考察中国工业的空间格局.集聚是工业在空间的重要表现形式,通过把测度两两配对产业集聚的结对集聚指数和测度两两配对产业关联度的投入产出表相结合,首次构建集聚关联指数和关联集聚指数,以研究不同空间尺度下空间关联性的差异和出现差异的原因.通过整理中国工业企业数据库...  相似文献   

The ecological implications of a Yakutian mammoth's last meal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bas van Geel  Andr Aptroot  Claudia Baittinger  Hilary H. Birks  Ian D. Bull  Hugh B. Cross  Richard P. Evershed  Barbara Gravendeel  Erwin J.O. Kompanje  Peter Kuperus  Dick Mol  Klaas G.J. Nierop  Jan Peter Pals  Alexei N. Tikhonov  Guido van Reenen  Peter H. van Tienderen 《Quaternary Research》2008,69(3):361-376

Part of a large male woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was preserved in permafrost in northern Yakutia. It was radiocarbon dated to ca. 18,500 ¹⁴C yr BP (ca. 22,500 cal yr BP). Dung from the lower intestine was subjected to a multiproxy array of microscopic, chemical, and molecular techniques to reconstruct the diet, the season of death, and the paleoenvironment. Pollen and plant macro-remains showed that grasses and sedges were the main food, with considerable amounts of dwarf willow twigs and a variety of herbs and mosses. Analyses of 110-bp fragments of the plastid rbcL gene amplified from DNA and of organic compounds supplemented the microscopic identifications. Fruit-bodies of dung-inhabiting Ascomycete fungi which develop after at least one week of exposure to air were found inside the intestine. Therefore the mammoth had eaten dung. It was probably mammoth dung as no bile acids were detected among the fecal biomarkers analysed. The plant assemblage and the presence of the first spring vessels of terminal tree-rings of dwarf willows indicated that the animal died in early spring. The mammoth lived in extensive cold treeless grassland vegetation interspersed with wetter, more productive meadows. The study demonstrated the paleoecological potential of several biochemical analytical techniques.  相似文献   

Extracting and analyzing semantic relatedness between cities using news articles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yingjie Hu  Xinyue Ye  Shih-Lung Shaw 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(12):2427-2451

News articles capture a variety of topics about our society. They reflect not only the socioeconomic activities that happened in our physical world, but also some of the cultures, human interests, and public concerns that exist only in the perceptions of people. Cities are frequently mentioned in news articles, and two or more cities may co-occur in the same article. Such co-occurrence often suggests certain relatedness between the mentioned cities, and the relatedness may be under different topics depending on the contents of the news articles. We consider the relatedness under different topics as semantic relatedness. By reading news articles, one can grasp the general semantic relatedness between cities; yet, given hundreds of thousands of news articles, it is very difficult, if not impossible, for anyone to manually read them. This paper proposes a computational framework which can ‘read’ a large number of news articles and extract the semantic relatedness between cities. This framework is based on a natural language processing model and employs a machine learning process to identify the main topics of news articles. We describe the overall structure of this framework and its individual modules, and then apply it to an experimental dataset with more than 500,000 news articles covering the top 100 US cities spanning a 10-year period. We perform exploratory visualizations of the extracted semantic relatedness under different topics and over multiple years. We also analyze the impact of geographic distance on semantic relatedness and find varied distance decay effects. The proposed framework can be used to support large-scale content analysis in city network research.  相似文献   

Measuring molecular variation in zooplankton populations: DNA extraction from smallDaphnia species     

Mona A. Mort  Bruno Streit 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1992,54(1):77-84

We present methods developed for the small-sizedDaphnia species,D. galeata, D. hyalina, D. cucullata, and their hybrids, which facilitate the use of DNA variation in population studies. Described are large-scale production of material from single genotypes ofDaphnia and subsequent extraction of total DNA. The average DNA yields ranged between 6 µg per gram wet weight (D. cucullata) and 12 µg per gram wet weight (D. galeata). For comparison, the large-sized speciesD. pulex was tested and yielded an average of 28 µg DNA per gram wet weight. The DNA isolated in this manner lends itself well to molecular genetic techniques suited for population studies.Reprint requests to B. Streit.  相似文献   

印度-太平洋石鲈亚科鱼类DNA条形码及分子系统进化研究     

梁日深  吴丽钰  苏国茂  程硕  周萌  吴灶和 《海洋与湖沼》2016,47(1):99-107

为探讨DNA条形码基因COⅠ序列在石鲈亚科鱼类物种鉴定的有效性,本研究分析了印度-太平洋区域的石鲈亚科7个属29种鱼类9个个体长度为651 bp的COⅠ基因序列,利用MEGA 5.0计算石鲈亚科种内与种间的遗传距离,并基于最大简约法与最大似然法构建了其分子系统进化关系。结果显示:石鲈亚科鱼类种间遗传距离在0.021—0.240之间,平均遗传距离0.184;种内遗传距离在0.000—0.009之间,平均0.004。其中种间平均遗传距离(0.184)显著大于种内平均遗传距离(0.004),种间遗传距离是种内的46倍。同时,各物种间遗传距离均大于Hebert推荐区分物种的最小种间遗传距离0.02(2%)。基于COⅠ序列构建的系统进化树,同一物种不同个体间均能聚成独立的单系,表明COⅠ基因可作为石鲈亚科物种准确鉴定的有效条形码基因。同时,系统进化树上,石鲈属是非单系类群,主要形成5个分支,而不同分支的种类与其地理分布存在一定的相关性,与近年部分分子系统地理学的研究观点一致。  相似文献   

细胞色素b基因序列与7种石首鱼类的系统进化   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

田兰香  梁冰  张树义  赵盛龙  王日昕 《台湾海峡》2004,23(4):436-443

通过比较一段381bp细胞色素b基因序列，分析了石首鱼科7种石首鱼的系统发育关系．该序列有51个单变异多态位点、128个简约信息多态位点，对应的氨基酸序列有41个氨基酸变异位点．根据Kimura 2参数构建的邻接树(NJ tree)和最大简约树(MP tree)都显示同样的结果：7种石首鱼类构成一个单系群．皮氏叫姑鱼位于单系群的基部，且与其他石首鱼分离时间很早；大黄鱼和棘头梅童鱼亲缘关系最近。并与钩牙皇石首鱼和波纹短须石首鱼构成姐妹群．黄姑鱼和鱿鱼也接近树的基部．  相似文献   

节旋藻(螺旋藻)高分子量DNA的两种制备方法   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

茅云翔  张宝红  杨官品  张学成 《海洋科学》2003,27(2):32-36

DNA的简便高效制备方法是研究基因结构、功能及开展其它各项研究的基础。首次报道了针对节旋藻的结构和组成特性而建立的制备节旋藻高分子量DNA的两种方法。其中第一个方法是常规方法，可大量提取纯度较高、分子量达50kb的节旋藻DNA，可用于构建节旋藻质粒库、Southern杂交和PCR操作等；第2种方法是用脉冲电场凝胶电泳分离DNA片段，制备的DNA片段达数百kb，可用于构建节旋藻噬菌体库、粘粒库、BAC库等，从而为构建节旋藻物理图谱，定位克隆基因奠定基础。  相似文献