综合物探法在西邑铅锌矿外围预测靶区运用     

李光波 《云南地质》2014,(1):94-97

西邑铅锌矿取得深部隐伏矿找矿的重大突破,为扩大找矿成果,在其外围有利成矿地段开展地质勘查工作.应用激电中梯、激电测深和EH4等综合物探方法预测找矿靶区,在深部隐伏矿勘查中能取得较好效果.  相似文献   

长江中下游宁芜火山岩盆地深部结构特征——来自反射地震的认识   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

梁锋  吕庆田  严加永  刘振东 《岩石学报》2014,30(4):941-956

宁芜火山岩盆地是长江中下游成矿带的重要组成部分,盆地内广泛产出玢岩型铁矿床。为探讨宁芜火山岩盆地深部结构,作者完成了三条穿越宁芜火山岩盆地的深反射地震剖面。三条剖面的长度不一,NW01剖面长度42km,NW02长56.3km,NW03长27.1km。三条剖面的排列长度都为720道,采样间隔2ms,记录长度16s。因为本文的主要研究对象是宁芜火山岩盆地上地壳的结构特征,因此只用了总记录长度的前4s数据。通过本次研究揭示了宁芜矿集区的上地壳精细结构、岩浆和断裂系统的空间展布形态。不仅验证了以往对盆地的部分认识,而且给出了新的认识。(1)发现了直接控制盆地火山-岩浆活动的南东和北西边界断裂并非人们经常认为的两大基底深断裂:方山-南陵断裂和长江断裂带,而是北西向F1和南东向F2断裂;(2)宁芜火山岩盆地以马鞍山-薛津断裂为界向北北东方向滑脱,造成了盆地南西高北东低的隆凹构造格局;(3)阐明了就位于盆地下方的为火山-岩浆活动提供补给和热源的岩浆房的空间展布特征;(4)清晰地厘定了盆地内的断裂系统,其中最主要的断裂是隐伏于宁芜火山岩盆地深部的控制深部岩浆活动的盆中基底断裂(BCF),控制着深部岩浆岩的空间展布格局并对宁芜火山岩盆地的地层和断裂系统有强烈地改造作用。本文的发现为宁芜火山岩盆地深部结构认识、成矿预测及成矿动力学分析提供了可借鉴的证据。  相似文献   

Natural salinity sources in the groundwaters of Jordan—Importance of sustainable aquifer management     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2014,74(4):735-747

In recent years, voices in Jordan became lauder to exploit the fresh to brackish deep groundwater overlain by fresh groundwater bodies. In this article the implications of such a policy on the existing fresh water bodies are worked out through studying the sources of salinity in the different aquifer systems and the potentials of salinity mobilization by artificial changes in the hydrodynamic regimes. It is concluded that extracting the groundwater of deep aquifers overlain by fresh water bodies, whether the deep groundwater is fresh to brackish, brackish or salty, is equivalent to extracting groundwater from the overlying fresh groundwater bodies because of the hydraulic connections of the deep and the shallow aquifers’ groundwaters. The consequences are even more complicated and severe because exploiting the deep groundwater containing brackish or salty water will lead to refilling by fresh groundwater leaking from the overlying aquifers. The leaking water becomes salinized as soon as it enters the pore spaces of the emptied deep aquifer matrix and by mixing with the deep aquifer brackish or saline groundwater. Therefore, the move to exploit the deep groundwater is misleading and damaging the aquifers and is unjust to future generation's rights in the natural wealth of Jordan or any other country with similar aquifers’ set-up. In addition, desalination produces brines with high salinity which cannot easily be discharged in the highlands of Jordan (with only very limited access to the open sea) because they will on the long term percolate down into fresh water aquifers.  相似文献   

Discussion of ‘Influence of diaphragm wall installation on the numerical analysis of deep excavation’, by Burlon S., Mroueh H. & I. Shahrour     

Riccardo Conti  Luca de Sanctis  Giulia M.B. Viggiani 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2013,37(11):1685-1687

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基于结构水文地质学的采掘诱发高势能突水溃砂主动防控     

隋旺华 《工程地质学报》2022,30(1):101-109

在谷德振先生“水文地质结构”学术思想指引下,本文提出建立结构水文地质学的设想,论述了其基础理论框架。从方法论角度将矿山水害防控分为被动防控和主动防控两种方法。以结构水文地质学指导煤矿高势能突水溃砂防控,分析了被动防控可能产生突水溃砂灾害的机理; 提出了主动地质工程防控的原理,包括地质材料性质改造、结构隔水性能重构、赋存水动力环境改造、减轻采掘诱发覆岩破坏等具体方法。抛砖引玉,以期催生符合中国矿山防治水实践需要的创新理论和方法。  相似文献   

青藏高原南部及邻区深部碳释放规模与成因     

赵文斌  郭正府  李菊景  马琳  刘嘉麒 《岩石学报》2022,38(5):1541-1556

不同构造背景下的深部碳释放通量与机制研究对于深刻理解长时间尺度的气候变化具有重要意义,以往的相关研究多集中在洋中脊、大洋俯冲带和大陆裂谷等地质单元,缺少对大陆碰撞带深部碳释放规模与机理的关注,从而制约了对大陆碰撞带深部碳循环过程及其气候环境效应的进一步认识。青藏高原起源于印度和欧亚大陆的碰撞,是研究大陆碰撞带深部碳循环的理想地区。为此,在近年来青藏高原温室气体释放野外观测与研究的基础上,本文估算了高原南部及邻区火山-地热区的CO₂释放规模并探讨了其释放模式。气体He-C同位素地球化学与温泉水热活动特征等显示,青藏高原南部及邻区的深部碳释放主要受深部岩浆房、断裂和浅部水热系统等因素的控制。依据深部流体源区和上升运移控制因素的差异,可以将青藏高原南部及邻区的深部碳释放划分为三大类：(1)以壳内水热系统脱碳为主的藏南地区;(2)深大断裂控制的以水热系统脱碳为主的川西地区;(3)深部岩浆房和浅部水热系统共同控制的滇西南地区。青藏高原南部土壤微渗漏CO₂释放通量介于18.7～52.3Mt/yr之间,温泉溶解无机碳释放通量约为0.13Mt/yr;高原邻区...  相似文献   

Advances in Oxygenation Theory and Technology in Deep Lakes     

Lan Chen  Chen Jing&#x  an  Zeng Yan  Guo Jianyang  Zhang Runyu  Wang Jingfu  Yang Haiquan  Ji Yongxue 《地球科学进展》2015,30(10):1172-1181

Deep lakes always maintain vertical thermal stratification due to their physical structure. The thermocline prevents the transfer of oxygen from epilimnion to hypolimnion, leading to the formation of anoxic conditions in deeper water, the enhanced release of endogenous pollutants and the deterioration of water quality. Oxygenation is an effective measure to improve the water quality of deep lakes and mitigate the release of endogenous pollutants via the increase of the oxygen level in water. This paper provided an overview of the method and theory of oxygenation in deep lakes. Advantages and limitations of different methods of oxygenation, including artificial destratification, airlift aerators, Speece cone and bubble plume diffusers, were discussed. In addition, challenges and prospects of oxygenation were assessed based on the analyzing of typical examples of oxygenation in deep lakes and the difference in oxygenation system used in deep lakes and shallow lakes.  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167498711300162X     

Fumiko Tajima  Masaki Yoshida  Eiji Ohtani 《地学前缘(英文版)》2015,6(1):79-93

Seismic observations have shown structural variation near the base of the mantle transition zone(MTZ)where subducted cold slabs,as visualized with high seismic speed anomalies(HSSAs),flatten to form stagnant slabs or sink further into the lower mantle.The different slab behaviors were also accompanied by variation of the "660 km" discontinuity depths and low viscosity layers(LVLs) beneath the MTZ that are suggested by geoid inversion studies.We address that deep water transport by subducted slabs and dehydration from hydrous slabs could affect the physical properties of mantle minerals and govern slab dynamics.A systematic series of three-dimensional numerical simulation has been conducted to examine the effects of viscosity reduction or contrast between slab materials on slab behaviors near the base of the MTZ.We found that the viscosity reduction of subducted crustal material leads to a separation of crustal material from the slab main body and its transient stagnation in the MTZ.The once trapped crustal materials in the MTZ eventually sink into the lower mantle within 20-30 My from the start of the plate subduction.The results suggest crustal material recycle in the whole mantle that is consistent with evidence from mantle geochemistry as opposed to a two-layer mantle convection model.Because of the smaller capacity of water content in lower mantle minerals than in MTZ minerals,dehydration should occur at the phase transformation depth,~660 km.The variation of the discontinuity depths and highly localized low seismic speed anomaly(LSSA) zones observed from seismic P waveforms in a relatively high frequency band(~1 Hz) support the hypothesis of dehydration from hydrous slabs at the phase boundary.The LSSAs which correspond to dehydration induced fluids are likely to be very local,given very small hydrogen(H~+) diffusivity associated with subducted slabs.The image of such local LSSA zones embedded in HSSAs may not be necessarily captured in tomography studies.The high electrical conductivity in the MTZ beneath the northwestern Pacific subduction zone does not necessarily require a broad range of high water content homogeneously.  相似文献   

Accuracy of the deep convection intensity from a limited number of casts     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2020

Deep convection is one of the key components of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The intensity of deep convection (DC) is traditionally estimated as the maximum mixed layer depth (MMLD). In this study, we developed a criterion of the minimum number of casts needed for obtaining the MMLD in the Greenland Sea with a pre-defined accuracy. The criterion depends on convection intensity.For gridded datasets, we introduce a complementary measure for the DC intensity: the area of the region with the mixed layer depth over a predefined value (800 m for the Greenland Sea, notated as S₈₀₀). For a weak or a moderate DC, variations of its intensity is more clear from variations of the MMLD (cluster 1 in the MMLD - S₈₀₀ parameter space). Then the MMLD can be obtained with the 25 % accuracy for at minimum 40 casts during winter. For a well developed DC (cluster 2), variations of the DC intensity are better accessed from variations of S₈₀₀ and minimum 10 casts are required.In the central Greenland Sea, the number of casts is sufficient for obtaining the interannual variations of the convection intensity only since 1986. If only Argo floats are available, minimum 4 floats should simultaneously operate in the Greenland Sea gyre during winter to reach the abovementioned accuracy. Up to present, the number of floats has been insufficient during most of the winters.  相似文献   

基于Faster R-CNN的野外环境中蝗虫快速识别     

武英洁  房世波  Piotr Chudzik  Simon Pearson  Bashir Al-Diri  冯旭宇  李云鹏 《气象与环境学报》2020,36(6):137-143

蝗虫是常见的害虫之一,对农作物和生态系统具有很大的危害,采用常规的方法对蝗虫进行监测存在一定局限性,为了有效应用海量野外影像数据实现对蝗虫实时监测,本文建立了一种基于深度学习网络的蝗虫自动识别模型。利用手机模拟摄像头获取的内蒙古锡林浩特附近草原的280张蝗虫的RGB图像,采用深度学习算法中的Faster R-CNN（Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network）网络结构建立了蝗虫识别模型。经验证该模型的精确度为0.756,可以较准确地将蝗虫从野外复杂环境中识别出来,与以往同类研究相比,在识别结果和实用性方面均有较大的进步。该模型是建立蝗虫实时监测系统的基础,可以为蝗虫的防治提供辅助信息,同时该网络结构还可以应用于其他害虫的识别,具有较强的推广性,拓宽了深度学习算法的应用领域。  相似文献