排序方式： 共有158条查询结果，搜索用时 296 毫秒
21.
基于LIDAR数据的建筑物轮廓提取 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
建筑物轮廓的准确提取是建筑物三维重建中最重要的一步。本文在研究已有建筑物轮廓提取方法的基础上,针对LIDAR离散的点云数据,提出了一种自动快速提取建筑物轮廓信息的方法。首先通过点云数据生成城市的数字表面模型(DSM)和数字地面模型(DTM)相减计算得出规则化的数字表面模型(nDSM),进而将地面点和非地面点进行分类;其次,考虑到地物的几何特性,提出一种8邻域搜索的方法对非地面点点云进行分割,得到建筑物表面点云;最后运用基于梯度图的边界跟踪的方法来获取建筑物的轮廓信息。实验表明:该方法能有效地提取建筑物轮廓。 相似文献
22.
23.
Anna Schneider Horst H. Gerke Thomas Maurer Stefan Seifert Rossen Nenov Reinhard F. Hüttl 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(7):708-725
To quantify landscape change resulting from processes of erosion and deposition and to establish spatially distributed sediment budgets, ‘models of change’ can be established from a time series of digital elevation models (DEMs). However, resolution effects and measurement errors in DEMs may propagate to these models. This study aimed to evaluate and to modify remotely‐sensed DEMs for an improved quantification of initial sediment mass changes in an artificially‐created catchment. DEMs were constructed from photogrammetry‐based, airborne (ALS) and ground‐based laser scanning (TLS) data. Regions of differing morphological characteristics and vegetation cover were delineated. Three‐dimensional (3D) models of volume change were established and mass change was derived from these models. DEMs were modified region‐by‐region for rill, interrill and alluvial areas, based on logical and hydro‐geomorphological principles. Additional DEMs were constructed by combining multi‐source, modified data. Models were evaluated by comparison with d‐GPS reference data and by considering sediment budget plausibility. Comprehensive evaluation showed that DEM usability depends on a relation between the technique used to obtain elevation data, surface morphology and vegetation cover characteristics. Photogrammetry‐based DEMs were suited to quantification of change in interrill areas but strongly underestimated surface lowering in erosion rills. TLS DEMs were best suited to rill areas, while ALS DEMs performed best in vegetation‐covered alluvial areas. Agreement with reference data and budget plausibility were improved by modifications to photogrammetry‐ and TLS‐based DEMs. Results suggest that artefacts in DEMs can be reduced and hydro‐geomorphic surface structures can be better represented by applying region‐specific modifications. Photogrammetry‐based DEMs can be improved by combining higher and lower resolution data in defined structural units and applying modifications based on principles given by characteristic hydro‐geomorphic evolution. Results of the critical comparative evaluation of remotely‐sensed elevation data can help to better interpret DEM‐based quantifications of earth‐surface processes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
24.
公路是线性工程,适于航测与LIDAR技术进行测设,以提供DLG,DEM,DOM产品。航空摄影后处理周期较长,需要几个月甚至更长时间,影响测设任务进程,而LIDAR技术能够弥补这些缺陷,提高工程效率的同时提高工程质量。本文采用LIDAR技术进行分析,并且与以往的航测摄影进行比较,得出一些有益的成果。 相似文献
25.
基于机载LiDAR系统组成及工作原理,对激光点云数据精度评定方法进行研究,主要包括内插特征点对比分析法、统计分析法、斜面几何分析法、误差传播定律分析法。各种方法都有各自的优缺点,在进行具体精度评定时,几种方法要结合使用。 相似文献
26.
Extraction of buildings from LIDAR data has been an active research field in recent years. A scheme for building detection and reconstruction from LIDAR data is presented with an object-oriented method which is based on the buildings' semantic rules. Two key steps are discussed: how to group the discrete LIDAR points into single objects and how to establish the buildings' semantic rules. In the end, the buildings are reconstructed in 3D form and three common parametric building models (flat, gabled, hipped) are implemented. 相似文献
27.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):161-164
Fragmentary river segments have to be reconnected before addressing various routing and tracking problems. Elevation determines drainage directions, so the partial heights available through LiDAR may provide useful hints on how the segments should be joined. However, it is not trivial how this information can be applied. This paper bridges this gap by proposing the induced structure approach, which first approximates a terrain compatible with those observations, and then derives a river network from that induced terrain. Since the network is derived from an induced terrain that honors the partial observations, we expect that the derived river network will enforce most restrictions imposed by the partial observations. This paper also provides specifics on the implementation. In the first step regarding terrain reconstruction, we find that the optimal scheme depends on the height sample distribution. If the samples are sparsely yet evenly distributed, natural neighbor interpolation with stream burning (NN-SB) is the most cost-effective. If the samples are offered only at the given river locations, the hydrology-aware version of Over determined Palladian Partial Differential Equation (HA-ODETLAP) should be used instead. In the second step concerning river derivation, we find it necessary to favor those given river locations. Otherwise they will be missed out. We set their respective initial water amounts to the critical accumulation level to ensure a river flows across them. In the subsequent branch thinning process, those locations are protected from being trimmed. We foresee applications of our solution framework in a few 2D and 3D network tracing problems with similar observation distribution, like dendrite network reconstruction. 相似文献
28.
MARIANA I. OLARIU CORNEL OLARIU RONALD J. STEEL ROBERT W. DALRYMPLE ALLARD W. MARTINIUS 《Sedimentology》2012,59(2):356-378
The first sandstone unit of the Esdolomada Member of the Roda Formation (hereafter referred to as ‘Esdolomada 1’) was formed by a laterally‐migrating, shelf tidal bar. This interpretation is based on detailed mapping of the bedding surfaces on the digital terrain model of the outcrop built from light detection and ranging data and outcrop photomosaics combined with vertical measured sections. The Esdolomada 1 sandbody migrated laterally (i.e. transverse to the tidal currents) towards the south‐west along slightly inclined (1.6° to 4.6°) master bedding surfaces. The locally dominant tidal current flowed to the north‐west. This current direction is indicated by the presence of stacked sets of high‐angle (average 21°) cross‐stratification formed by dunes that migrated in this direction, apparently in an approximately coast‐parallel direction. The tidal bar contains sets and cosets of medium‐grained cross‐stratified sandstone that stack to reach a thickness of about 5·5 m. Individual cross‐bed sets average about 50 cm thick (with a range of 10 to 70 cm) and have lengths of ca 130 to 250 m in a direction perpendicular to the palaeocurrent. Set thickness decreases in the direction of migration, towards the south‐west, and the degree of bioturbation increases, so that the cross‐bedded sandstones gradually change into highly bioturbated finer‐grained and thinner‐bedded sandstones lacking any cross‐stratification. The rate of thinning of individual dune sets as they are traced down any obliquely‐accreting master surface is some 40 cm per 100 m (0·004) for the older, thicker sandstones, whereas the younger, thinner beds thin at a rate of 15 cm over 100 m (0·0015). The tidal bar has a sharp base and top and is encased in finer‐grained bioturbated, marine sandstones. The Esdolomada bar crest was oriented north‐west to south‐east, parallel to the tidal palaeocurrents and to the nearby palaeoshoreline, but built by lateral accretion towards the south‐west. Lateral outbuilding generated a flat‐topped bar with a measured width of about 1700 m, and a preserved height of 5·5 m. The bar, disconnected from a genetically related south‐westward prograding delta some 2 km to the north‐east, developed during the transgressive phase of a sedimentary cycle. The tidal bar was most probably initiated as a delta‐attached bar at the toesets of the delta front and during transgression evolved into a detached tidal bar. 相似文献
29.
30.