中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)幼体血液循环的活体观察     

马甡  马琳  张道波 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(2):259-264

溞对中国对虾早期幼体的循环系统及血液流向进行了活体观察 ,描述了中国对虾早期幼体发育阶段中幼体循环系统血管的走向与分布、血液的流向及循环路径等 ,比较各期幼体循环系统的形态 ,并探讨对虾早期幼体循环系统的发育过程。  相似文献   

基于树轮宽度的太白山地区春季干湿变化重建          下载免费PDF全文

齐贵增  白红英  孟清  赵婷  郭少壮 《干旱区地理》2020,43(4):955-966

秦岭为我国气候分界线和南水北调中线重要水源地,太白山为其最高峰,了解太白山区域的过去干湿变化特征对气候变化机制研究和未来水资源持续利用具有重要意义。基于秦岭太白山地区太白红杉树木年轮资料及其附近的宝鸡、眉县气象站1959—2016年气象数据进行分析,重建了1852—2016年春季（3~5月）SPEI值,分析了近165 a太白山春季干湿变化特征及其与大尺度环流变化关系。结果表明：（1） 太白山地区太白红杉径向生长主要受春季气候限制;与春季SPEI值相关性最高,达到–0.72（P<0.01）,重建方程方差解释量为51.8%（调整自由度后为51.0%）。（2） 重建结果表明,近165 a来,有29 a春季为湿润年份,有23 a春季为干旱年份,分别占比为17.58%和13.94%。极端干旱年份为1892年、1929年、1945年和2006年,极端湿润年份为1881年、1921年和1990年,其中1892年（–1.73）和1881年（1.53）分别为最干旱和最湿润的年份。（3） 重建结果得到了周边地区干湿变化重建结果和历史文献灾害记载的验证;太白山地区干湿变化可以准确表征大区域干湿变化且存在2.5 a、3.1 a、3.8 a和8.4 a周期变化。太白山地区SPEI与赤道东太平洋海面温度成负相关以及与赤道西太平洋海面温度呈正相关,其干湿变化可能与ENSO活动有关。  相似文献   

Sentinel-2卫星落叶松林龄信息反演   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

唐少飞  田庆久  徐凯健  徐念旭  岳继博 《遥感学报》2020,24(12):1511-1524

林龄结构信息能够有效反映区域森林群落不同生长阶段的固碳能力,对于评估森林生态系统的健康状况具有重要意义。本研究以中国温带典型优势树种落叶松林为研究对象,分别选择其芽萌动期、展叶期和落叶期时段的Sentinel-2影像,采用多元线性回归（MLR）、随机森林（RF）、支持向量机回归（SVR）、前馈反向传播神经网络（BP）以及多元自适应回归样条（MARS）等5种方法依次构建落叶松林龄反演模型。通过相关性分析首先确定最佳遥感反演物候期,并在此基础上根据相关性差异筛选出5个最优特征变量用于模型反演,分别为冠层含水量（CWC）,归一化水体指数（NDWI）,叶面积指数（LAI）,光合有效辐射吸收率（FAPAR）和植被覆盖度（FVC）。研究结果表明,展叶期为落叶松林最佳遥感反演物候期。除植被衰减指数（PSRI）以及落叶期的NDVI、RVI外,落叶松林龄与各指标之间均呈负相关关系,其中与冠层含水量（CWC）的相关性最高,pearson相关系数达到-0.74（p<0.01）。此外,不同模型反演结果表明,随机森林模型（RF）为最佳落叶松林龄估测模型,其平均决定系数R²和平均均方根误差RMSE分别为0.89和2.91 a;多元线性回归模型（MLR）的林龄估测结果最差,其平均决定系数R²和平均均方根误差RMSE仅为0.57和5.69 a,非线性模型能更好的解释林龄与建模变量之间的关系。  相似文献   

利用树木年轮重建阿勒泰地区1572—2014年初夏平均温度     

牛军强  袁玉江  张同文  陈峰  张瑞波  尚华明  姜盛夏 《干旱区地理》2021,44(1):27-35

利用阿勒泰地区3个高海拔西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica)采样点的树轮样本,建立树轮宽度区域标准化年表(DKH).通过相关普查发现,DKH年表与阿勒泰地区7个气象站当年6月平均温度显著相关,相关系数为0.705(P<0.00001),表明6月平均温度是影响树木年轮径向生长的主要气候限制因子.用DKH年表可较...  相似文献   

Base cation concentrations in forest litter and topsoil have different responses to climate and tree species along elevational gradients   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XUE Feng  ZHAO Ming-fei  WANG Yu-hang  KANG Mu-yi  XING Kai-xiong  WANG Guo-yi  SHI Jing-jing  CHEN Chen  JIANG Yuan 《山地科学学报》2019,(1):30-42

The forest litter is an essential reservoir of nutrients in forests, supplying a large part of absorbable base cations(BC) to topsoil, and facilitating plant growth within litter-soil system. To characterize elevational patterns of base cation concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil, and explore the effects of climate and tree species, we measured microclimate and collected the forest litter and topsoil(0-10 cm) samples across an elevational range of more than 2000 m(1243 ～ 3316 m a.s.l.),and analyzed the concentrations of BC in laboratory. Results showed that: 1) litter Ca concentration displayed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevational gradients, but litter K and Mg showed saddle-shaped patterns. Soil Ca concentration increased with elevation, while soil K and Mg had no significant changes. 2) Ca concentration in the forest litter under aspen(Populus davidiana) was significantly higher than that in all other species, but in topsoil, Ca concentration was higher under coniferous larch and fir(Larix chinensis and Abies fargesii). Litter K and Mg concentrations was higher under coniferous larch and fir, whereas there were nosignificant differences among tree species in the concentrations of K and Mg in topsoil. 3) Climatic factors including mean annual temperature(MAT), growing season precipitation(GSP) and non-growing season precipitation(NGSP) determined BC concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil. Soil C/N and C/P also influenced BC cycling between litter and soil. Observation along elevations within different tree species implies that above-ground tree species can redistribute below-ground cations, and this process is profoundly impacted by climate. Litter and soil Ca, K and Mg with different responses to environmental variables depend on their soluble capacity and mobile ability.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity fluctuation amplitudes on growth, osmolarity, Na＋-K＋-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis Osbeck     

丁森  王芳  董双林  高勤峰 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):723-728

The effects of various salinity fluctuation amplitudes (2, 4, 6 and 8) on the growth, osmolarity, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity and Hsp70 of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis cultured in seawater with a salinity of 20 were studied. The results show that weight gain in the salinity fluctuation treatments was better than that in control; in particular, the weight gain of treatments S4 and S0, at 231.8% and 196.3%, respectively, was significantly different (P<0.05). The hemolymph osmolarity of treatments S0, S2, S4, S6 and S8 was 635.4, 630.8, 623.6, 614.4 and 600.3 mOsm/kg, respectively, and decreased with increasing salinity fluctuation amplitude. The level of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity in gills of F. chinensis was higher than that in hepatopancreas, but there were no significant differences among all treatments, either in gills or hepatopancreas (P>0.05). The relative level of Hsp70 in treatment S4 was 48.4% and 40.4% higher than control in muscle and eyestalks, respectively, with the highest values being recorded under a salinity fluctuation amplitude of 4.  相似文献   

Effects of Salinity Fluctuation Frequency on the Growth, Molting Rate and Hemolymph 20-Hydroxyecdysone Concentration in Juvenile Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis     

DING Sen  WANG Fang  SUN Hao  DONG Shuanglin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(3)

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of salinity fluctuation frequency on the growth, molting rate and hemolymph 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE) concentration for juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis with an initial wet body weight of 1.115 g±0.012 g. The salinity of the control treatment (represented by D0) was 28 throughout the experiment, whereas treatments D2,D4, D6 and D8 were subjected to different salinity fluctuation frequencies of 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively. The range of salinity fluctuation was 4. The salinity in treatments D2, D4, D6 and D8 was kept at 28 for 2, 4, 6 and 8d, respectively; each original salinity was decreased abruptly to salinity 24, which first lasted for another 2d and was then raised to its initial value 28. This constituted a salinity fluctuation cycle and afterwards the cycle repeated. It was found that: 1) The weight gain of shrimp in treatment D4 was 202.9% and significantly higher than that in treatment D0 (P<0.05). The molting rate in treatment D2 was the lowest, while that in treatment D6 was the highest and significantly higher than those in treatments D0 and D2 (P<0.05). 2) The hemolymph 20-HE concentration of shrimps in all treatments was at low levels and increased first gradually during the inter-molt period and then increased sharply. It reached a peak value during the pre-molt stage, and then decreased abruptly during the post-molt stage when the lowest level occurred. 3) During the post-molt stage, the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D2 was 7.47pgμL-1 and significantly higher than that in treatment D0(P<0.05). There were, however, no significant differences in hemolymph 20-HE concentration among all five treatments during the inter-molt stage (P>0.05). During the pre-molt stage, the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D6 was significantly higher than that in treatment D0(P<0.05), whereas the hemolymph 20-HE concentration in treatment D2 was significantly lower than that in other treatments (P<0.05). Adequate salinity fluctuation promoted the molting rate through increasing hemolymph 20-HE concentration at the pre-molt stage.  相似文献   

不同投喂方式对中国明对虾幼体生长发育及抗病力的研究     

王新霞  麦康森  谭北平  戚成震  艾庆辉  张文兵  徐玮 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(3)

研究β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan及不同投喂方式对中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)幼体的存活、生长、发育、非特异性免疫及抗副溶血弧菌能力的影响.将β-glucan以0.25%的剂量添加到微黏合饲料中,以不同的投喂方式投喂对虾幼体,即D0(一直投喂基础饲料);D1(一直投喂含0.25%β-葡聚糖饲料);3D1-3D0(3 d投喂含0.25%β-葡聚糖的饲料-3 d投喂基础饲料);1D1-3D0(1 d投喂含0.25%β-葡聚糖的饲料-3 d投喂基础饲料),共4个处理,每个处理随机设置3个重复,对虾幼体养殖于可控温的半开放系统中,每个养殖桶中盛有50 L盐度为30～32消毒海水,养殖密度为100尾/L.实验结果表明,在孵化后14 d,投喂D1饲料组在总存活率,变态指数,体长,特定生长率方面均高于其它各组,虽然有时差异不显著.在免疫指标方面,在9和14 dph分别进行了酚氧化酶(PO)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活力的测定,结果表明,投喂D1饲料组的4个免疫指标均高于其它3组,虽然有时差异不显著.在14 dph的攻毒实验结果表明,对照组的累积死亡率显著高于D1组(P<0.05),而1D1-3D0和3D1-3D0的累积死亡率则与其它各组均不显著.实验结果表明,间隔投喂方式并不适合于对虾幼体,在中国明对虾幼体饲料中使用β-葡聚糖时,建议添加量为0.25%,并采用一直投喂的方式.  相似文献   

A STUDY ON PATHOGENS OF CHINESE PRAWN (PENAEUS CHINENSIS) VIRUS DISEASES     

孙修勤  张进兴 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,(3)

This pathogenic study shows that the viral diseases of Chinese prawns (Penaeus chinensis. O'sbeck)is due to three kinds of viruses: epithelium envelope baculovirus of Penaeus chinensis (EEBV-PC, de-tected by the authors in 1993), infections hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus, andhepatopancreatic parvo-like virus, and that the first two viruses seem to be the main pathogens of theepidemic in the northern regions in 1993.  相似文献   

Sea water environment copper requirement of egg hatching and naupliar metamorphosis of Peaneus chinensis     

Yuan Youxian  Qu Keming  Liu Libo  Gao Chengnian  Zhang Duxi 《海洋学报(英文版)》1995,14(3):421-428

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